3 MARCH 1923

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NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HERE is abroad to-day one of those strange indefinite "feelings in the air" that warn us from time to time that things are changing. Everyone suddenly seems to have come to...

It was on these signs of improvement that Lord Curzon

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dwelt in his speech ate the Aldwych Club on Tuesday. It was somewhat significant that at the end of his optimistic survey he stated that he had no time to speak of Russia and...

This, then, is a French conception of the form that

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changes in Europe are to take—a re-grouping of the Powers under the old system. But there is another sign of change in Europe. Everywhere but in the Ruhr valley things are...

The Turks-in Council at Angora are elaborating counter proposals to

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the Lausanne terms. All hope of their signing the treaty as it stands seems to haye gone. The truth is that till the Allies either come to a really firm agreement on a common...

The Foreign Relations Committee of the Senate at Washington has

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decided to postpone to the next session of Congress all action in regard to President Harding's request that the United States should become a member of the International Court...

Hence a bold coup which will change the whole balance

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of the situation is necessary. The first idea was the creation, as an alternative to the moribund Entente, of a Latin bloc of Belgium, France and Italy. But the great...

The first is predominantly French, both in origin and in

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inclination. Thiers called the French the " demon people," always restlessly seeking to change, to reshape the map of. Europe. And to-day there can be no doubt that...

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So they recommend a scheme under which the Government guarantee

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a million spread over ten years on condition that a large company shall be formed (with not less than 1500,000- subscribed capital) which will be willing to carry. on civil...

Everyone seems to be agreed ° that Sir Samuel Hoare, the

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Air Minister, has done a remarkable piece of work in getting a scheme drawn up, within three months of his appointment, to put civil aviation on. a really firm basis. He set up...

On Monday the Bankof bland invited. to an issue of

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£1,800,000 of Austrian guaranteed Treasury Bills, being the British portion of the loan of 3i millions which is being raised simultaneously by six European countries to meet...

On Friday, February 28rd, the House rejected, by a majority

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of twelve in a "free " division, the introduction of the principle of Proportional Representation into local elections. On Monday the House voted supplies of Civil Service ,...

The chief domestic question which will come before Parliament is

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undoubtedly that of houses, both of the building of new ones and the decontrol of the rents of existing ones. Oh this issue the Mitcham by-election, , where Sir Arthur...

In contrast to last week, Parliament has mainly been occupied

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with matters of detail. On Thursday, February 22nd, it is true, the Government had their . Rent Restrictions Bill read a second time. But the debate was not of special interest,...

Meanwhile the Labour Party is unable to make up its

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mind as to what it thinks about the Ruhr. Mr. Marton- and his friends, in their report on their visit to the area,. were far too definite for an." official attitude," and were...

On Tuesday, Sir John Simon scored a very charac- teristic

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point, not indeed against Mr. Bonar Law, who probably agrees with him on the subject, but against those who think that France is in the• Ruhr " to collect her just debts." He...

For some reason the publication , of the Report of the

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Committee on Agricultural' Credits, which has now received Cabinet approval, has excited very- little atten- tion. The State- is in the position of having " down " the...

The Government have won the by-election at Dar- lington, where

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Mr. W. E. Pease, the' Unionist candidate, was returned with a slightly smaller majority than Mr. Pike Pease, who has been raised to the Peerage, obtained at- the General Election.

It is an enormous relief to feel that the extraordinary

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muddle that had grown up round the management of the British Empire Exhibition has been cleared up. . The Executive Committee have passed a resolution embodying the chief...

The Committee also recommends the formation of co-operative credit societies.

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But as everyone knows, it is one thing to recommend any form of co-operation in British agriculture and quite another, to get it carried out. It is often said that the true...

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Dr. Wolf's reported discovery in Patagonia of a fossilized human

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skull, said to be of the tertiary -period, will apparently once more nullify all previous scientific calculations as to the antiquity of man. Every few years some startling...

Nearly two years have passed since the King went to

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Belfast toinaugurate the Parliament of Northern Ireland. On Tuesday last the new session was opened by the Duke of Abercorn, the first Governor-General of Ulster. The reception...

Sir William Robertson contributed a-deeply interesting article on our military

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commitments to Thursday's Morning Post. He states with all the authority of a great expert that our Eastern entanglements are even more disastrous from a military point of view...

The deadly accuracy with which one nation always selects a

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second-rate example of the art of another nation for particular approval is well illustrated by the fact that Renan is chiefly known in this country by the Vie de Jesus. It is a...

Tuesday was the centenary of the birth of Ernest Renan.

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Mr. H. A. L. Fisher, writing of him in the Times, had the advantage of a personal acquaintance with Renan, which to those of us who know him only through his books made the...

The Central Council for -Economic Information are running a new

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scheme for the study of economics through Mr. Melville Lee's journal, Industrial Peace. The scheme will be open to teachers, students, industrial and social workers, trade...

The advances in archaeological discovery on the site of the

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ancient Ur of the Chaldees have begun at an oppor- tune moment. For now that the Luxor tomb-has been closed till the autumn, 'they will provide a focus for the general interest...

In these circumstances no one can regret the decision of

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Ulster to remain independent of the Free State. Nor can we grudge the pledges which she has secured from Great Britain to protect her borders from aggression. Trade is rising,...

Bank Rate, 3 per cent., changed from ai per cent.

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July 13 0 1922 ; 0 per cent. War Loan was on Thursday, 101* ; Thursday week. 101; a year ago, get

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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WANTED , A CANNING. W HAT the world wants to-day is a Canning—a statesman who will call in the New World to adjust the balance of the Old. Will not President Harding, acting...

SACERDOTALISM AND THE MARRIAGE LAWS.

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M R. H. E. M. STUTFIELD his once again (this• time in the March number of the National Review) done a useful service in calling attention to the clash, which becomes sharper...

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THE MADHOUSE AND THE GAOL.

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T HE articles and correspondence that have lately appeared in the Spectator on the question of the lunacy laws do not merely reveal that there is public uneasiness; they show,...

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THE MISUSE OF CONFIDENTIAL PAPERS

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I F Cabinet Ministers and other high officials make it a practice to publish confidential papers about recent events, the whole business of government will be made extremely...

SOME IMPRESSIONS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS BY A NEW

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MEMBER. [commumicATEDA T HE House of Commons is the strangest combination of •pitfalls, ordeal§ and surprises that has ever been constructed by the ingenuity of man. The...

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A very important gathering. takes place this month at Santiago,

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Chile, where the delegates of the Fifth International Conference of the American States meet together. Much has happened since the last Pan- American Conference was held in...

The funding of the British Debt to America has, as

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the Spectator anticipated, received very favourable comment in the American weeklies and reviews. The following extract from the New York Nation, a journal which can by no means...

- THE PAGE MEMORIAL FUND.

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T HE following is the list of donations received by the English-Speaking Union and the Spectator for the Page Memorial Fund :- FIFTH LIST OF DONATIONS. £ e. d. £ s . d....

Monday's New York cables reported that President Harding " surprised

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" the Senate by asking for the approval of that body for the participation of the United States in the permanent Court of International Justice established under the Versailles...

THE

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ENGLISH-SPEAKING WORLD. BY EVELYN WRENCH. THE announcement that the Executive Committee • of the British Empire Exhibition has definitely accepted the recommendations...

Several years ago the Canadian dislike for the granting of

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titles was shown by the debates in the Ottawa Par- liament. The subject has again been under discussion, and last week, according to the Ottawa correspondent of the Daily...

The statement of Mr. Aims Geoffrion, a former Presi- dent

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of the Quebec Bar Association, at Winnipeg to the effect that unless Canada secures a large influx of immi- grants of the right kind in the next few years she will be forced...

The February issue of the American World's Work draws a

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comparison between the infant mortality rate in the United States and in New Zealand, to the detri- ment of the former. It will be seen that the percentage for the British Isles...

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A well-informed correspondent on Indian subjects writes to me as

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follows :- " I notice in the paragraphs on the English-Speaking World in the Spectator that you would welcome suggestions. Might I suggest a reference to the English in India,...

The full story of America's relief work in Eastern Europe,

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in Russia and in the Near East remains to be told. It would be well if some of those Europeans who glibly talk about America being too: much occupied with her own concerns to...

Several of the St. John's (Newfoundland) papers have recently referred

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to the forthcoming " gold rush " to the Labrador peninsula, which is, of course, under the jurisdiction of Newfoundland and not under the Canadian Government, as might be...

A revolution in our boots and shoes has been proposed

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by Mr. Oliver E. de Ridder, a shoemaker of Rochester, New York. " The Edison of the shoe industry," as he is called by the Illustrated World of New York, has created " a totally...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra, — A popular Highland pulpit

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orator of the last generation, while preaching to a crowded congregation in Inverness,. feeling the heat oppressive, raised his arm, and, pointing a finger to a gallery door,...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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• " BEHIND THE SHUT DOOR." [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR1 SIR, — In a recent issue you reported the complaints of a patient who stated that they dated back nearly thirty...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—Under the existing system,

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I am fully persuaded of the impossibility of bettering the conditions of the poor creatures incarcerated in asylums. The rigid discipline, the inhumanity, the brutal and often...

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FRANCE AND THE RUHR.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—In your attitude towards France in the Ruhr everyone who is too proud to fight, every pacifist, every pro-German is with you ; but, so...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Perhaps you will allow

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plain speaking on the other side, and, to quote Cromwell, " I pray you, Sir, in the name of Christ, to believe it possible that you may be mistaken." You put forward prophecies,...

THE PRODUCTION OF RUBBER IN THE EMPIRE.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—Mr. Evelyn Wrench says in your last issue regarding restriction of rubber that the Stevenson scheme " restricts production under the...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—As an ex-chaplain to

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a county asylum in Ulster, I have not the slightest hesitation in saying that an investigation into the treatment of lunatics is most desirable. A friend of mine confined in the...

WHY NOT A TAX ON BETTING ?

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Ill accordance with your wonted equity, whereby you print letters, pro as well as contra, bearing on a cause you advocate, perhaps you...

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THE CIRCULATION OF THE " SPECTATOR." [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Referring to the correspondence under the above heading, this is my experience. A good friend in New York City forwards me his Spectators, otherwise I...

[To the Editor of the SPEC TATOR.] have read with much

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interest the correspondence in the Spectator on this subject, as it is a matter on which I have thought a good deal and - written a little. The letter from Mr. Edge leads' to a...

THE QUESTION OF PALESTINE. - [To the -Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Sra,—The only two reasons that you now advance for urging the withdrawal of the Goverrunent from Palestine are the alleged inability of the local authorities " to...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Congratulations on the improvement

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of the Spectator. I hope and feel sure that the new venture will be a great success. For many years the Spectator has kept many of us who live on the outskirts of the Empire "...

INDUSTRY TO CARRY ITS OWN CASUALTIES. [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] Slit,—I should like to suggest that the use of the above phrase to express a policy or an ideal is misleading for the reason that at present the casualties...

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT AND WOMEN.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, —Whatever is done to alter or improve the law as to degrees of murder, it is much to be hoped that females qua females will not be...

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THE THEATRE.

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"THE YOUNG IDEA" AT THE SAVOY. 'I'nE reception of Mr. Noel Coward's play, The Young Idea, has really been very cheering. Here is a thoroughly - witty, rather fantastically...

POETRY.

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A DEAD WARRIOR. HERE sown to dust lies one that drave The furrow through his heart ; Now, of the fields he died to save His own dust forms a part. Where went the tramp of...

CURIOSITIES OF SPELLING.

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[To the Editor of the SrEcrxran.] SIR, —The gardener quoted by your reviewer (Knole and the Sackvilles) does not hold the record, even in his own pro- fession. I have the...

"PLUS FOURS" AT THE HAYMARKET.'

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THE plot of this play consists of the laborious manufacture of situations at once trivial and improbable. Its dialogue strains human speech beyond its breaking point in order to...

"TAFFY" AT THE PRINCE OF WALES.

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.SPECIAL MATINiE. IT is easy to accuse Mr. Caradoc Evans of being rude to hig mother, but the metaphor is inapposite. His vilification of the South Welsh is the outcome of his...

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BOOKS.

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THIS WEEK'S BOOKS. A PULE tide is pouring in again. There are quantities of books, and nearly all of them are interesting. The " Gentle- man with a Duster " has produced a...

THE OFFICIAL STYLE.*

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THESE two pleasant little volumes, the latest additions to The World's Classics, give enjoyment and interest quite apart from their political and historical value. They afford...

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WORDSWORTH IN FRANCE.*

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H. LEGOLTIS'S new book incorporates all that has so far come to light on the subject of Wordsworth's relations with Annette Vallon. M. Legouis has unearthed interesting material...

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_ JANE A1JSTEN.*

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Tun paper on which Miss Austen composed the fragment of the novel which her nephew christened The Maisons bears the watermarks of 1803 and 1804. On the strength of this it is...

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POETS AND POETRY.

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MRS. MEYNELL'S POEMS.* THE death of Mrs. Meynell and the publication of a complete edition of her poems , by Messrs. Burns, Oates and Washbourne will be the occasion of a great...

INFANT PERDITION IN THE MIDDLE AGES.t

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Fon many years Mr. Coulton has been engaged in a vivacious polemic against the Roman Catholic Church. In particular, he has pointed out that the faith of the Church has had no...

LEGENDS OF OUR LADY MARY.*

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IN the preface to this curious and important work the editor gives an account of the manner in which a group of the MSS. collected by King Theodore of Abyssinia passed into the...

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FICTION.

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A GREAT STORY.* Ma. AND Bias. Woor-r have done well to publish Andreev's superb short story, The Dark. It will not appeal either to those who regard fiction as a mild relimation...

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Princess Bibesco's new book of short stories is not par-

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ticularly distinguished. There is an effect of effort and of affectation. The dedications, single studies, or stories, each to a separate person—M. Marcel Proust. Mr. Harold...

Mr. Fisher Unwin has added to his First Novel Library

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a sentimental account of the reactions of a young married girl. it claw not go particularly deep, but it is romantic and pleasant. The heroine begins life as the child of an...

Merton of the Movies. By Harry Leon Wilson. (John Lane.

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7s. 6d. net.) Merton Gill worked in Amos Cashwiler's emporium in Simsbury, Illinois. At night he worked even harder on his correspondence courses in cinema acting. But he was as...

\ THE ARTS.

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The popular attitude towards modern art is changing. We hear less of the explosive wrath that accused moderns of inability to draw, of mental disease, of the desire to shock,...

Eight Chapters on English Mediaeval Art. By E. S. Prior.

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(Cambridge University Press. 6s. net.) Ever since the publication of his History of Gothic Art in England in 1900 Professor Prior has been known as the cham- pion of English...

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The serious student of Palestine will find in this solid

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and authoritative book a vast quantity of well-digested fact.

We have more than once referred to the remarkable survey

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of the Gold Coast, on a scale of two miles to an inch, which is being made by the Colonial authorities and published by Messrs. W. and A. K. Johnston. A new sheet, for the...

By Road from Cheltenham to Oxford. By W. J. Monk.

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(Published by the Author, Stonefield, Burford. 2s. 6d.) By Road from Cheltenham to Oxford. By W. J. Monk. (Published by the Author, Stonefield, Burford. 2s. 6d.) Mr. Monk, who...

Contemporary English Woodcuts. With an Introduction by Campbell Dodgson. (Duckworth.

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42s. net.) The widespread revival of wood engraving in England led us to expect the present volume to be of exceptional interest. It is disappointing. The selection does not...

M odern Wireless. Vol. I., No. 1. (3 Bolt Court, E.C.

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4. Is.) .A sudden acceleration in the popularity of broadcasting coincides with the appearance of this well-timed monthly. Modern Wireless will interest the experimentalist,...

AT HOME AND ABROAD.

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An account of the mountain tribes in the Burmese Hinter- land, in particular the Kachins, a hill-people who occupy the north-east frontier of Burma. Up to 1895 only punitive...

Animals of all Countries. Part I. (Hutchinsons. Is. 3d. net.)

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Outlines of science, art and literature are rife, but this copiously illustrated account of the living animals of the world should hold its own among them. Its interest is...

PERIODICALS AND BOOKS OF REFERENCE.

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The March number contains some admirable articles, temperate but always candid, on the several aspects of the Peace that has not brought tranquillity. The French policy towards...

Chambers's Encyclopaedia. Vol. I. New Edition. Edited by D. Patrick

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and William Geddes. (Chambers. 20s. net.) The familiar and trusty Chambers, which has served several generations of readers, is appearing in a new and very much improved edition...

NATURAL HISTORY.

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Richard Jefferies would have enjoyed these delightful informal Nature studies. The very artlessness and simplicity of style, coupled with exact observation and nicety of detail;...

The Topography of Stane Street. By Captain W. A. Grant.

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(Long. Ss. net.) Captain Grant, writing as a military surveyor of experience with a good knowledge of the ground, subjects Mr. Belloc's well-known book on Stane Street to a...

Oxford University Press General Catalogue, 1922. (H. Milford.) This is

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the third edition of the Oxford catalo e gue, which comprises a wonderful array of good books on all subjects and shows that the Clarendon Press is conducted with enter- prise...

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POETRY AND DRAMA.

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Milton made use of the Easter Song of Sedulius in "Paradise Lost," and it is mainly this that has recommended it to later generations. Professor Sigerson has here translated the...

There has been little notable literature on the subject of

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dogs. Miss Menzies has gathered together what there is, and has eked it out with affectionate tributes in prose and verse. To a lover of dogs the passage at once most appealing...

FINANCIAL NOTES.

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A satisfactory feature of the past week has been the success which attended the offer through the Bank of England of £1,800,000 in Austrian Government Bills. The amount offered...

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ROADS AND THEIR USERS.

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ECONOMICAL RUNNING.—I. By LORD MONTAGU OF BEAULIEU. I N these days, when economy in every walk of life is so essential, the reduction of motoring expenses deserves more and...

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MATERIAL REVIEWS.

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THE PICCANINNY FLOUR MILL.* INnuaraY, like history, repeats itself. Thousands of years ago it gave us the Quern, and so made the caveman, through his wife, self-sufficient—a...