22 JUNE 1918

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The lull on the Western Front was broken on Tuesday

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evening by a German attack, in which at least three divisions were engaged, on the Reims front. It was preceded by a violent lomberdment of gas-shells, which was plainly audible...

The Bulgarian Cabinet crisis, brought to a head by the

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resigna- tion of M. Radoslavoff, may, as stated in a Sofia telegram trans- mitted by Amsterdam on June 18th, be due merely to differences of opinion on questions of internal...

On the Western Front at the end of last week

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the German thrust towards Compiegne and on the line of the Aisne and the Ourcq was still held up. The Americans completed their work in the Belleau Wood, taking thirty...

The great Austrian attack was a triple thrust, by three

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armies, on the Lower Piave, in the Montello sector, and in the mountains. It was made in force along a front of about fifty miles, and employed rather more than half of...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE capacity to " come again after a heavy gruelling," in the languageof the prize ring, is a proof of courage and tenacity and strength of will. Italy has earned the...

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle in the Evening Standard of June

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14th dealt with the retreat of the Fifth Army from St. Quentin, by way of a connected narrative designed to " remove the mischievous legend that a British Army had been broken...

On the Piave, which is in flood, many of his

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bridges have been washed away. Since the beginning of the attack the Allies have taken nine thousand prisoners. Of that total a thousand, with about a hundred light guns and...

The Kaiser in acknowledging greetings from Marshal Hindenburg and the

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Chancellor on the anniversary of his accession (June 15th) indulged himself in argroteeque travesty of historical fact, seasoned with Pecksniffian religiosity. In the years...

THE PAPER SHORTAGE.

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TO OUR READERS.—It is now necessary for readers to place a definite order for the " Spectator " with their Newsagent or at one of the Railway Book- stalls. Should any reader...

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Mr. Bonar Law was supremely confident of America's despatch of

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an endless procession of troops for France. " The American troops are not coming ; they have come." Our Air Service was now the best in all the theatres of war. There was now no...

The working man's first interest is to aid the growth

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of Capital that he himself may become richer. In order to do this he must absolutely put an end to the " ca' canny " system and produce as much as ever he can. Many employers in...

In an interview published in last Sunday's Observer Lord Milner

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described our American Allies as the deciding factor in the war. They have, in limitless resources, the men and the materials, and the industrial machinery, which their European...

We have received with much pleasure a manifesto issued by

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the originators of the new Trade Union Labour Party. The Party will attempt to prevail upon the next Trade Union Congress to declare in favour of a distinct political Party for...

There is bound to be a struggle for supremacy. The

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academic leaders, who are not really entitled to speak for Labour at all, will fight as hard as only PLICifi0iBta can to retain their position. We hope, however, that the...

Mr. G. N. Barnes, speaking at Dartford last Sunday, defined

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his attitude towards a League of Nations, after reiterating his belief that the defeat of Germany's attempt to dominate Europe must precede any lasting or just peace. He would...

The principles put forward by the Trade Union Labour Party

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sufficiently describe what the character of the Party will be. It will be first of all a " patriotic " party. This is opportune ; for, without quite articulating their dissent,...

On Tuesday in the House of Commons Mr. Bonar Law

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dealt briefly with the new Vote of Credit for £500,000,000, which will carry the Government on over the summer recess. During the current quarter the average daily expenditure...

A very important document, tho final Report of Mr. Runoiman's

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Committee on Shipping and Shipbuilding after the War, was published on Thursday morning. The main conclusions of the Committee are that shipping should be released as early as...

The Government have decided to create a Committee of Home

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Affairs. That is to say, they frankly acknowledge that the excessive centralization which is the result of exclusive control by the War Cabinet has been a failure. The War...

Lord Milner, who paid a tribute on Friday week to

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the splendid work of the Y.M.C.A. on behalf of the Army, reviewed with admir- able clearness the issues in the world-war, now reaching its climax. In " this fiercest trial...

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Mrs. Villiers Stuart, one of Mr. Billing's principal witnesses in

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the recent trial, was arrested on Tuesday on a charge of bigamy. It will be remembered that during the trial she spoke of having seen the German " book " in which the names of...

We do not know enough about the other facts to

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make very definite comments, but on the face of it the action of some- body at the Home Office seems to require further inquiry. If visits to prisoners' camps by private persons...

The statements by Sir Auckland Geddes in the Commons on

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Tuesday do not mend matters, and were largely irrelevant. He said that there is no difference in the grading of men above and below forty-three, and then went on to define Grade...

We notice that a rather specially violent attack is being

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directed in some of Lord Northcliffe's newspapers against Sir George Cave because be is said to be feeble in his treatment of uninterned aliens. We have no natural liking for...

The papers of Wednesday published the full Report of the

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Committee, presided over by Lord Selborne, who were appointed to consider the future agricultural policy of Great Britain. A con- siderable part of the policy which Lord...

The root of complaint against the grading of the older

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men is that by some physiological miracle, which we must leave Medical Boards to explain, a higher proportion of the older than of the younger men have been passed into Grade...

Our experience during the war shows what can be done

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in the way of increased output. With a reduced army of labour upon the land, and though much of that labour is highly unskilled, the area brought under the plough has exceeded...

Personally, we think that under an enlightened system of agri

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culture rural Britain would prosper in spite of minimum prices and wages, and there would of course always be the greath I and pays.ca. moral gain of a thriving countryside. But...

At a general Court-Martial at Pontefract on Tuesday curious statements

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were made about the visits of ladies to the Lofthouse Park Prisoners of War Camp, Wakefield. Quartermaster and Honorary Lieutenant Albert Canning was charged with breaches of...

We expressed the opinion last week that the War Office

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does not hope to use middle-aged men, without any early training, as if they were young recruits. However it may hope to use them, the older men have been treated by many...

Until Monday, when the papers published an interesting account of

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the work of the Salvage Section of the Admiralty, its operations had been obscured by the fog of war. The work has expanded enormously during recent months. Between October,...

Bank rate, 5 per cent., changed from 5i per cent.

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April 5,1917.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE PROSPECT. O UR first duty, which is also a pleasure, is to con- gratulate the Italians on the splendid skill and courage with which they have withstood the great Austrian...

H THE PRIME MINISTER'S PLEDGES. ERE are the Pledges made to

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the British People by Mr. Lloyd George and his colleagues in regard to Conscription for Ireland on April 9th, 1918 :— " We propose to extend the Military Service Act to Ireland...

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THOUGHTS ABOUT IRELAND.

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I T is not yet too late to apply Conscription in Ireland. We confess that when one opportunity after another of applying it was allowed to slip by after Mr. Lloyd George had...

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THE OUTPOURING OF MONEY. T HE demand of the Chancellor of

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the Exchequer for another Vote on Account for £500,000,000 has given an opportunity to the daily Press and to the House of Com- mons to protest against the absolutely reckless...

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FREEING THE ARABS.

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f 1HE casual student of war-maps must often have been fascinated by the great blank space labelled " Syrian Desert " or " Arabia " which intervenes between our armies in...

THE NEW BALTIC STATE.

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A S the situation in regard to the three Baltic Provinces was left after the signing of the Peace of Brost, Germany had disclaimed any intention of annexing Livonia or Esthonia...

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THE CHARM OF ASSENT.

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W ISEACRES know what an inscrutable thing is the mind of the public. All we ordinary people, however, think that we can read it, and in these days of stress and conscious...

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A STRANGE COINCIDENCE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") Sra,—I have just read the letter about " St. " Oliver Plunkett in your latest issue, and think it only just that another view of the same...

THE STATE OP IRELAND.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") FIR,—The Censorship, for some reason best known to itself, works to prevent the British public from hearing to much of the state of affairs...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs arc often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] THE LATE LORD CROMER. [To...

CONSCRIPTION FOR IRELAND. [To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.")

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SIB."—There is a force in Great Britain which, if promptly mobilized, would in a fortnight compel this trembling-on-the-brink Government to apply Conscription to Ireland. I mean...

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FEDERALISM IN THE UNITED STATES.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") Snc,—Those who are seeking a solution of the Irish difficulty by the application to Ireland (and perhaps also to England, Scotland, and...

SINN FEIN IN AUSTRALIA.

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LTo THE EDIIOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") am enclosing you a copy of a portion of a letter from an old pupil of mine, a prosperous lawyer in Australia for the last quarter of a...

MR. PARNELL ON IRELAND IN WAR T1ME. (To THE EDT/OR

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OF THE " SPECTATOR.") Sin,—At this present crisis in the military policy of the Irish Nationalist Party, it may be of use to refer to a memorable utter- ance of their old...

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" THOUGHTS ON THE BATTLE."

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[To THIS EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] fen,—No poet ever preached a gospel more invigorating to his own age, or to ours, at a crisis like the present, than Virgil in the Aeneid....

" EXCEPT HONOUR."

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ITo THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—After the battle of Pavia, Francis I. sent the well-known message, "Tout est perdu fors l'honneur," thereby implying, not only that all...

SOME GERMAN WOMEN IN 1870.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR."] Sia,— I have lately come across Florence Nightingale to her Nurses (Macmillan, 1915), a collection of " messages " to members of the St....

THE IMPORTANCE OF ITALIAN.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] Sia,—Without joining issue on the question whether Italian or Portuguese can claim a larger measure of Latinity, I beg to submit the...

INCOME TAX.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") you allow me to make a few remarks on your very interesting article on Income Tax in your last issue? Reforms in Income Tax assessment...

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DOMESTIC SERVICE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Is domestic service a dying industry? The writer of the article in the Spectator of J111:0 8th seemed to agree reluctantly. My...

[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."]

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SIR,—The letter signed " Anglo-Scot " prompts me to write of the other side of the story. I remember returning from an early service which had been held not far from Kemmel, and...

THE NIGHTINGALE AND GUNFIRE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Referring to the letter in your issue of June 1st re nightin- gales, my experience is that they take no notice of noises, no matter how...

"HOLY WEEK IN SCOTLAND."

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE n SPECTATOR."] Sta,—I have seen your issue of the 8th inst. containing the letter with the above heading. I regret to observe another instance of the same...

CHRISTIAN UNITY.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Last year (October 13th) you allowed me to give a brief account of the Cheltenham Conference of Clergy and Laity and the " Findings" of...

DOUBLE TAXATION.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF TTIE SPECTATOR."] Ste,—In this month's (June) Nineteenth Century is an article by the Hon. Sir Charles Wade, K.C., Agent-General and formerly Prime Minister...

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GOOSEBERRIES.

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[To TER EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR. " ] understand that the Government are advising (?) or order- ing people not to bottle their green gooseberries, but to let them ripen and...

COMFORTS FOR AMERICAN SOLDIERS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Many thousands of American soldiers are now on the fighting lines and in the receiving camps in France, and thousands more are...

[To THE EDITOR OVTHE " SPECrATOR."3 SIR,—Perhape the following, which,

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more years ago than I care to remember, was currently reported at Oxford to have been per- petrated in the pass Divinity School, may be familiar to' some of your older readers:—...

" HOWLERS."

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[To 'THE EDITOR OF TEE "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Here is an amusing German " howler." On the official post- card which the English prisoners are allowed to send home, after reaching...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] custodiet ipsos custodes

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1 Your correspondent,. despite his zeal to protect the English language from the invasion of a new word, has himself admitted one of rather questionable creden- tials. I do not...

"STUNT."

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—I knew the word many years ago in Lincolnshire, hearing it often on the lips of an old classical don to express the very cream of...

DR. MONTESSORI'S NEW BOOK.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR.") Sia, — In your review of Spontaneous Activity in Education there is a quotation from the authoress which seems to call for com- ment :— "...

THE FRESH AIR FUND.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Soldiers and sailors during peace time were always• firm friends and supporters of the Fresh Air Fund, and now whilst they are fighting...

NOTICE.—When " Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's

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name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agree- ment with the views therein expressed or with the...

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POETRY.

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PRINCETON IN WAR-TIME. [Princeton University has become a great training ground for the American fighting forces. The first four lines of this poem have recently been inscribed...

BOOKS.

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MYSTICISM AND LOGIC.• ONE of the most marked features of Mr. Bertrand Russell's work, from the literary point of view, is his extraordinary intellectual self-control. He seems...

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DARWIN AND AFTER DARWIN.*

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THAT is the title of a book by Romans: but it may serve here as a sign for a book by Adami : Medical Contributions to the Study of Evolution. The influences of Darwin, the Novum...

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MR. GERARD ON KAISERISM.*

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Tau main aim of Mr. Gerard in this supplementary volume to My Four Years in Germany is to enlighten the American public as to the true meaning of Kaiserism, and for his motto he...

PLATONISM.• Tars is a popular analysis of Platonism, a book

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with a strong didactic bias, a book with a purpose. As such it is of interest to the world at large rather than to scholars or specialists. The author deals exclusively with the...

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FICTION.

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OVER HERE.t Arita a positive glut of political Irish novels, it is something of a relief to come across one from which politics are wholly •excluded. But the attractions of...

A SPIRITUAL AENEID.*

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PERHAPS the two best parodies over which the modern world has clapped its hands were Mr. Ronald Knox's theological pamphlets, Absolute and Abitofhell and the only leas sprightly...

THE SECOND YEAR OF TT1 - 51 WAR.• IN a former volume

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Senhor Ayres d'Ornellae had given a remarkable summary of the war from August, 1914, to August, 1915. The present book carries the story a year further. Its three hundred pages...

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Major Sir Filippo de Filippi describes in the first annual

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Italian lecture of the British Academy Italy's Protection of Art Treasures and Monuments during the War (H. Milford, 6d. net). The most elaborate precautions have been taken in...

A General Sketch of European Literature in the Centuries of

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Romance. By Laurie Magnus. (Kegan Paul and Co. 108. Od. net.)--In this very readable volume, to be followed by two others, Mr. Magnus has provided for the period ending with...

Stamp Collections for War Museums. By F. J. Melville. (Stanley

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Gibbons. 6d.)—In this well-illustrated pamphlet, written for the Junior Philatelic Society, Mr. Melville shows how interesting and Instructive a collection of war stamps may be....

READABLE NOVELS.—A King in Babylon. By Burton E. Stevenson. (Hutchinson

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and Co. 6s.)—The first story of this author, Little Comrade, had raised the hopes of readers that a real master of the novel of adventure had arisen. The present book does not...

Municipal Government in Ireland : Mediaeval and Modern. By John

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J. Webb. (T. Fisher Unwin. be. net.)—As a short history of the rise and development of the Irish boroughs, this book has no small merits. But it is characteristic of the...

A Short History of Rome. By G. Ferrero and C.

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Barbagallo. (G. P. Putnam's Sons. 10s. net.)—Those who have not had time to read Signor Ferrero's large and brilliant work on the later Republic and the early Empire will find...

An Introduction to the History of Science. By Walter Libby.

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(George G. Harrap and Co. Os. net.)—This pleasantly written. little book, by a Professor of the Carnegie Institute of Technology, is intended to interest young people in the...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in this column does not necessarily preclude subsequent review.] Modern Sans of the Pharaohs. By S. H. Leader. (Hodder and Stoughton. 16s.net. )—This interesting and...

Harrow School has acted on the example sot by Repton

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and followed by Eton in starting a journal which, unlike the average school magazine, is devoted to views and not to news. The first number of Beginnings (School Book Shop,...

Good Stories from Oxford and Cambridge. Compiled by T. Selby

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Henrey. (Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. 3s. 6d. net.)—This is a well- arranged and amusing collection of anecdotes and sayings, most of which are none the worse, as Sir Herbert...

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Recollections of Calcutta for over Half a Century. By Montague

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Massey. (Calcutta : Thacker, Spink. London : W. Thacker. 5 rupees.) .—Former residents in Calcutta will be interested in Mr. Massey's reminiscences, which go hack beyond the...