10 JANUARY 1920

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If Mr. Bromley be reported correctly, he used in a

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recent speech the following words : "I am not one to preach a bloody revo- lution, but only for one reason—because unfortunately the people of this country are not ripe for...

We hear much about the hard lot of the country

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porter and his 40s. a week. But the country porter is actually being offered 56s. a week so long as the cost of living remains as now. That surely is very good pay for a man...

Signor Nitti, the Italian Prime Minister, has been staying in

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London during the week, and he, Mr. Lloyd George, Mr. Balfour, Mr. Bonar Law, Lord Curzon, and Sir Gordon Hewart went to Paris on Thursday. We must really hope that at last the...

The new proposals include increases in wages in detail, but

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the Government have firmly stuck to their principle that they will not level the standards upwards. This is the root cause of the dissatisfaction among the railwaymen. The...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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W HEN we go to press on Thursday the delegates of the National Union of Railwaymen are considering the latest proposals of the Government. Mr. J. H. Thomas has made the grave...

Apart from immediate rejection or acceptance, which we do not

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expect, the possibilities are that the Conference of delegates will decide in favour of taking a general ballot or of requesting the Government to continue the negotiations. The...

To go on to details, the chief points in the

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new offer are that all railwaymen will have an immediate increase of 5s. a week till September 30th; that afterwards they shall have at least double pre-war rates, and that...

*** The Editor cannot accept responsibility for any articles or

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letters submitted to him, but when stamped and addressed envelopes are sent he will do his best to return contributions in case of rejection.

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We cannot think that any such compromise would work or

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is seriously contemplated. What we believe to be Mr. Lloyd George's first and real thoughts are best. It would be foolish to ignore the fact, however, that the French are in a...

Mr. Churchill, speaking at Sunderland last Saturday, said that the

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country was recovering, rapidly from the wax, but that we could not afford as yet to revert to party politics. National unity did 'not imply unanimity. We - could not try to...

Throughout the period of these pre-war letters Russia was the

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ally of France. Unhappily we do not know what the Tsar answered to any of these letters. We hope that he sometimes returned a stinging reproach or rebuke, as loyalty to his ally...

Last week we wrote about the -need; for restraint in

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Allied policy. There- are many examples: of the moderating' influence of Great Britain in the past, and we mentioned some of them. But we must confess that a better example than...

General Denikin's retreat in Southern Russia has become a disaster.

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The large Bolshevik armies concentrated against him have pushed his centre to the coast at Taganrog, on the Sea of Azoff, which was his headquarters, and have thus cut his...

The Morning Post has been publishing an extraordinary series of

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letters written by the Kaiser to the late. Emperor of Russia. Of course the Morning Post must have assured itself that these letters are genuine. They certainly have all the...

Esthonia, agreed with the Bolsheviks on a truce at Dorpat

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on Wednesday week. The Bolsheviks recognized the independ- ence of Esthonia, and accepted a frontier which leaves Nerve, but not Pskoff, to the Esthbnians. The truce was to last...

Mr. Churchill went on to contrast with our comparative calm

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the deplorable state of Europe. " The. Allies may abandon Russia, but Russia will not abandon them: The ghost of the Russian Bear comes padding across the immense field of...

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The Sinn Fein outrages in Ireland continue. At midnight on

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Thursday week a Sinn Fein gang entered the post office at Limerick, cowed the clerks with revolvers, and stole £1,600, which was to be used for paying old-age pensions. Last...

On Saturday last at the Educational Conference in University College,

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Gower Street, Mr. Cecil Sharp delivered a lecture on dancing, in which he insisted that all children should be taught to dance. But he would not have pirouetting on one toe and...

We are very glad to know that the report of

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Sir Horace Phuakett's death in America, to which all the English papers gave currency last week, was untrue. An American telegraphist' error in transmitting a message about Sir...

In the Spen Valley by-election, the result of which was

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declared last Saturday, Mr. Tom Myers, the Labour candidate, benefited by the division of the anti-Labour forces between Sir John Simon as an Independent Liberal and Colonel...

Mr. Sharp went on to speak of his wonderful folk-lore

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finds among the " lost " community of mountaineers in the United States—finds which so delighted those who were fortunate enough to take part in Mr. Sharp's courses of...

A hydro-electric supply company is promoting a Bill which would

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authorize it to take possession of considerable portions of Dartmoor, and to oonstract reservoirs and water-channels which would inflict grave injury on the commoners and spoil...

The Bankers' Clearing House has reported that the total amount

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of the bills and cheques passing through the banks last year was E28,415,382,000—a fabulous sum which exceeds by over seven thousand millions the total for 1918, and which is...

The Trade Returns for the past year are most encouraging.

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The imports, valued at the enormous sum of £1,631,901,864, showed an increase of 23 . 9 per cent., but the exports, valued at £798,372,971, increased by 59.2 per cent. Exports...

As a result of the war, America has taken the

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place of Great Britain as the chief shipbuilding country. The Glasgow Herald's shipbuilding returns show that British yards in 1913 produced 2,263,953 tons of shipping, against...

Bank rate.6 per cent.,changed from 6 per cent NQV. 0,

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1919,

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THE WILL OF THE MAJORITY AND HOW TO ENSURE IT.

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can prevent themselves from being betrayed to minority rule by the exigencies of an ironclad party system The first and most important of the means of ensuring that the voice of...

TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE SPEN VALLEY ELECTION. T HERE has been a great fuss throughout the week about the results of the by-election in the Spen Valley. Deep calls to deep, party politician to party...

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HOW NOT TO SUPPRESS BOLSHEVISM.

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T HE situation of those Russians who are in arms against the frightful tyranny of the Bolsheviks has unhappily become disastrous. Whatever fresh policy the Allies may evolve in...

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THE FUTURE OF THE TERRITORIALS. A ME ETING of the County

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Associations is to be held in London next week, and the Government's scheme of reconstruction for the Territorial Force will then be discussed, and no doubt important decisions...

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THE FASCINATION OF THE END.

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"H OW quickly the time has passed !" These words may express joy or lamentation, according as wo apply them to a long or short period. As we look back over the years, even over...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] PROPORTIONAL...

THE BURIED ARMIES OF POLAND.

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T HE turn of Fortune's wheel has brought Poland once again to the forefront of interest ; she is once more a " living State." The moment may therefore not be inopportune for us...

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THE NEW INDIAN CONSTITUTION AND THE FIRST STAGE TOWARDS INDIAN

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ANARCHY. To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECT/TOR."1 Sia,—The subject with which your articles of December 6th and 20th deal is too large for treatment in a letter, but the state-...

THE AMRITSAR TRAGEDY.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR ."1 Szn,—Parliament have now before them a grave issue—the manner in which General Dyer suppressed disturbances in Amritsar kit April. That is...

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SINN FEIN AND THE MURDERS IN IRELAND. [To TIM EDITOR

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or MB " SPECTATOU."3 Snt,—I see that in some of the English papers surprise is expressed that the leaders of the Simi Fein Party have not denounced the recent murders of...

(To THE Enrros or eta " Speersroa."1

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Sns,—The-article in your issue of December 20th entitled "The First Stage towards Indian Anarchy" ably expresses the thoughts of most Englishmen who have sufficient experience...

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THE "SPECTATOR'S " "'HATRED OF THE OPPRESSED RACES."

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[To rim EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR.") Sm,—The letter signed "An Irish Peer" in your issue of January 3rd cannot be considered very helpful to Ireland or to any one else at the...

ROOFING FOR PISE.

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Pro TIM EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Engineers and architects who read Mr. S. II. Boyle's suggestion in your issue of December 20th will find nothing new in the idea, but...

PISE DE TERRE IN SWEDEN.

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[To TZE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") have received so interesting a letter from a corre- spondent in Sweden on the "Theory" of Pied de Terre that I . send you an extract in the...

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whether of industry or finance, will, I am persuaded, arouse

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the most profound astonishment in the future historian of these times. It is no exaggeration to say that the words of the Government seldom or ever bear any relation to their...

THE HISTORIAN OF THE WAR AND HIS PROBLEMS. (To THE

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EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] Sie,---The writer of the interesting article in your last number' misses a point. which I venture to think is important. He states that "even the...

NATIONALIZATION AND THE LIQUOR TRADE. [To THE EDITOR OF THE

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" SPECTATOR."] SIR,—I have followed the correspondence on State Purchase in your columns with the greatest interest Years ago, as a University student at Heidelberg,- I saw the...

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PAINTINGS OF POPE.

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(TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.") SIR,—In this house there is a small head painted in oils of Alexander Pope. The head is turned towards the right shoulder; he is wearing a...

RED CROSS WOMEN.

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[TO THE EDITOR Of THE "SPECTATOR."] Sts,—With reference to the letter from the late County Director for the County of London which appeared in your issue of December 27th,...

LADYBIRDS TO THE RESCUE.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] Sic,—Your 'critique on Life and its Maintenance in the Spectator of August 30th; 1919, recalls a personal experience of extirpating a pest...

THE LATE MISS MARY CLIFFORD. [TO THE EDITOR OF THE

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"SPECTATOR."] SIR,—The friends of the late Miss Mari Clifford, one of the earliest of the women Guardians, and a pioneer in all work connected with the welfare of women, will be...

TAXATION OF jUDICIAL SALARIES. (To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

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Ste,—Important letters have appeared in the Times and other newspapers on this subject. From the answer given in the House by Mr. Boner Law, it seems that the matter has never...

• THE LATE DE. GEORGE SMITH.

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(To TEE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") Sta,—As the eldest nephew of the late R. II. Hutton, and as having worked in my youth for nearly two years in the office of the Friend of...

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POETRY.

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TO A KINGFISHER. A SPLASH, a dart, a gleam of blue, A spray of jewels rainbow hue, Between the rushes gray and bare, Sweet little sapphire of the air, Thou &sheet 'gainst the...

ART.

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THE NEW ENGLISH ART CLUB. IT is a melancholy fact that the commonplace mind is to be found quite as often among painters as among other people. The word " artist " ought to...

A HYBRID ?

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[To THE EDITOR or TELE SPECTATOR."] Peveril Turnbull's mystery bird (Ringlets) is pro- bably a blackbird pure and simple. About four years ago a pure white blackbird could be...

NOTICE.,-1Vh,en "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked" Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

the *pert atin

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We suggest that there can be no better Present in Peace or Was than an Annual Subscription to the Spectator. He or she who gives the Spectator as a present will give a weekly...

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BOOKS.

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aff,SS ET1:1 W. SMYTH'S MEMOIRS.* Miss ETHEL Sierra is in equipment probably the most remark- able woman musician living. Of the vitality of her creative work itis too early to...

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THE MAKING OF MODERN WALES* BURKE contended in his speech

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on Conciliation with America that Henry VIII. had transformed Wales into a peaceful country by giving her representation in Parliament. Mr. Llewelyn Williams makes this...

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CATHERINE GLADSTONE.*

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Mits. DREW'S entertaining memoir of her mother should dispose of the idea that Mrs. Gladstone was, like Mrs. Disraeli, but a pale satellite of her famous husband. She made Mr....

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PROSE MELODY.*

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MR. PEARSALL Smell has clearly published his prose anthology in the belief that it will resemble in function the particle of sand which occasionally invades the mouth of an...

A MACHINE GUN BATTALION.*

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THE handsome quarto volume now before us is a valuable contribution to the detailed history of the great European' War. It is edited by the late Commanding Officer of the 33rd...

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SOME WINCHESTER LETTERS.*

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IT is not so remarkable that Some Winchester Letters of Lionel Johnson should have been written by a schoolboy as that men, after years of reflection, should publish them to the...

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AS A TALE THAT IS TOLD.*

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THE recollections of Mr. Macdonald are very pleasant to read. Although his life touched that of persons whose names have a world-wide fame in Art—Sir Edward Burne-Jones was a •...

FICTION.

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SUSIE.* THE way of a man with a maid is on good authority ranked amongst the three wonders of Nature. Mrs. Dowdall in her diverting romance makes out a strong case for adding...

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The London Mercury (2s. 6d. net) for January is very

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pleasant reading. Mr. A. Clutton-Brock writes well "On Blake as a Prophet," and Mr. Roger Ingpen has some new things to say about "Shelley and his Publishers." Mr. J. C. Squire,...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in thiii column does not necessarily precisure subsequent review.] The National Review contains a noteworthy article by Sir Harry Stephen on the Government of India...

READABLE NovEr.s.:L.8enjy. By George Stevenson. (John Lane. 7s. net.)—There is

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a touch reminiscent of Charlotte M. Yonge in Mr. Stevenson's latest work, which is the biography of the very large family of a country doctor. Though the reader may become...

My French Year. By Constance Elizabeth Maud. (Mills and Boon.

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10s. 6d. net.)—Miss Maud went to France late in 1917 as a delegate of the Red Cross. She travelled far and saw much in the war zone, and she records her impressions in this...

Mesopotamia, 1914-1915. By Captain H. Birch Reynardsoii. (Melrose. 9s. net.)—The

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author served in the 17th (Ahmednagar) Brigade of the Sixth (Poona) Division, which opened the Tigris camfaign in November, 1914. He recounts the operations up to the battle of...

The Spider Web. By P. I. X. (Blackwood. 10s. 6d.

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net.)— This well-written and highly interesting book describes the work of the flying-boats which from their base at Felixstowe patrolled the North Sea and dropped bombs on 'U...

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The first part of The "Times" Survey Atlas of the

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World (2s. 6d. net) promises well. It contains four large maps of Southern Scotland, Farther India, Lower Egypt, and - Mexico and Central America, prepared by Dr. J. 0....

Lord Dunsany in his Unhappy, Far-Off Things (Elkin Mathews, 5s.

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net) has given us a series of studies of devastated country which are remarkable for the curious felicity of phrase which they often display. For example, he is describing the...

From Friend to Friend. By Lady Ritchie. Edited by Miss

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Emily Ritchie. (Murray. Os. net.)—This charming little book contains half-a-dozen of Lady Ritchie's articles on her father and on some of the friends in the Thackeray circle—the...

Mr. Arthur Bolton, the Curator of Sir John Soane's Museum,

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has issued another admirable little book illustrating some of the best "articles of vertu" contained in that collection. It is to be had at the museum (2s.), and deals chiefly...

Womis OF REFERENCE.—Whitaker's Almanack, 1920 (6a net), appears for the

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fifty-second year with much new matter, in a very commendable effort to summarize the political results of the war. Under "Foreign Countries" are now included articles on...

The Paper Pound of 1797-1821. With an Introduction by Edwin

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Camila. (P. S. King. 60. net.)—Professor Cannan has done well to edit this convenient reprint of the "Bullion Report," the Report of the Select Committee of 1810 on the High...