foreign anti Colonial.

FRANCE.—Political events in Paris arrived at an unexpected crisis on Wednesday: the Barrot Ministry suddenly disappeared. The fact was pro- claimed to the Chamber of Deputies, when its President, M. Dupla, an- nounced the following " communication from the President of the Re- public." " Monsieur in Presider t—Under the .grave circumstances in which we find ourselves, the accord which ought to reign amongst the different powers of the State cannot be maintained, unless, animated by a mutual confidence, they frankly explain themselves face to face with each other. In order to give an example of that sincerity, I come forward now to state the reasons which have determined me to change the Ministry, and to separate myself from men whose eminent service's I am well pleased to proclaim, and to whom I have offered friendship and gratitude. " In order to strengthen the Republic, menaced by anarchy from so many sides—to insure order more efficiently than has been done up to this day—to maintain abroad the name of France at the height of her renown—men are needed, who, animated by a patriotic devotedness, comprehend the necessity of a direction single and firm, and of a clearly-defined policy, which does not compromise power by any irresolution; men whose minds are as much filled with the conviction of my peculiar responsibility as of their own, men of action as well as words. " For nearly a year I have given many proofs of self-denial, in order that there might be no misunderstanding with regard to my real sentiments. Without ran- cour against any individuality or against any party, I have allowed men of the most contrary opinions to arrive at power; but without obtaining the happy result which I expected from that union [rapprochement]. In place of effecting a fusion of different shades of opinion, I only arrived at a neutralization of forces. "The unity of views and intentions was interfered with, and the spirit of con- ciliation taken for weakness. Scarcely had the dangers of the street been got over when the old parties were seen again to elevate their colours, revive their rival- ries, and alarm the country by disseminating disquietude. "In the midst of this confusion, France, uneasy because she sees no guidance, seeks the hand, the will of the 10th of December. But that will cannot be felt unless there be entire community of ideas, of views, and of convictions between the President and his Ministers; and unless the Assembly itself join in the thought of the nation as expressed in the election of the Executive Power. " A whole system triumphed on the 10th of December; for the name of Napo- leon is a complete programme in itself. It means at home, order, authority, re- ligion, and the welfare of the people; abroad, national dignity. It is this policy, inaugurated by my election, that I wish to make triumph, with the support of the Assembly and that of the people. I wish to merit the confidence of the people by maintaining the constitution to which I have sworn. I wish to inspire in the country, by my loyalty, my perseverance, and my firmness, a confidence, such that affairs may resume their course, and that faith may be had in the future. " The letter of a constitution has certainly a great influence on the destiny of the country, but the manner in which it is executed has perhaps even more. The longer or shorter duration of power contributes powerfully to the stability of things; but it is also by displaying ideas and principles that a government can succeed in persuading society to reassure itself.

" Let us, therefore, again raise up authority without disturbing true liberty. Let us calm apprehensions by boldly mastering had passions, and by giving to all noble instincts a useful direction. Let us strengthen religious feeling, without abandoning the conquests of the Revolution; and we shall save the country in site of the parties, the ambitions, and even the imperfections, which our institu- tions may comprise. LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE." The sensation created by this letter waxed as it proceeded; and the Assembly rose in great agitation, at six o'clock.

In an important passage of the foregoing document, the Journal des De- bats, which we have followed, differs from the other versions of which we find translations in the English papers: the following version of the passage we take from the Morning Chronicle-

" In the midst of this confusion, France, uneasy, not seeing any guiding power, looks about for the hand, the will, the standard of the elected of the 10th of De- cember (l'ala du 10 Decembre.)"

Some other versions omit " the standard "; the more sweeping omission of the Journal des Debuts is remarkable.

The correspondent of the Morning Chronicle states, that on Wednesday morning, the Ministers (except M. Odilon Barrot, who is ill at Bougival) went in a body to the President, and represented the necessity of filling the office vacated by M. de Falloux.

" The President hesitated; and after some appearance of embarrassment, he stated that some further change would be necessary, as the present Cabinet bad been wanting in dignity. M. Dnfaure took offence at the expression, and asked the,l'resident what he meant by want of dignity: upon which the President re- plied, that he did not refer to any of the Ministers personally; but that the Cabinet generally had been wanting in dignity; that it had been too subservient to the Conservative majority in the Assembly; and that the Club of the Council of State was more the Government than the Cabinet itself, as it not only dis- cussed and settled the policy the Government was to pursue, but actually deter- mined who was and who was not to be Ministers. Upon this explanation, Id. Du- Faure announced to the Prince, that he and the rest of the Cabinet only retained their portfolios till their successors were appointed; and soon afterwards left the Palace."

The Paris correspondent of the Times is assured that there were very lately three agents or commissioners from the respective Governments of Russia, Austria, and Prussia, at Frohsdorf, the residence of the Count de Chambord, " officiously " if not " officially " negotiating to obtain his abdi- cation and abandonment of his claims to the crown of France. The most zealous and earnest of these persons was the agent acting on behalf of the Russian Government; and it is hoped that the negotiations will be brought to a favourable termination.

The Alcvliteur narrates facts of some disturbances at Nossi-Bd, conse- quent on the abolition of slavery. Acts of incendiarism and assassination, by the Sakalaves, had been followed up by their open landing of 4,000 men, from the mainland of Madagascar. A small force of Malgeche militia under Lieutenant Caney was sent to reconnoitre, but fell into an ambush; the Malgaches took to flight, and Lieutenant Cottey, supported by only one White soldier, were overwhelmed and killed. Captain Marohaisse of the Mantles concentrated his forces, and in the end compelled the Sakalaves to quit the island with precipitation. Reinforcements had been despatched to Nossi-Bd from the island of Reunion.

Srane.—The Ministerial crisis in Madrid did not advance or end as it was reported last week from Paris. There was no second resignation of Narvaez, for the first was definitive•' and his return to office was under circumstances that will consolidate his power and make his influence stronger than usual. The Cleonard Ministry was in office but a few hom when the resignations of officers in the Royal Household and at large „-a Nta. so numerous that the Queen immediately dismissed her new Ministers, and besought Narvaez to consider his dismissal as if it had never octane& After some apparent demur, Narvaez consented; and as soon as he was ra installed, the most prominent members of the ousted Ministry were pia under arrest and sent to prison. Moreover, the King Consort, as a not, rious chief participator in the plot against Narvaez, was removed from hie command of the Royal Households and the future was anticipated by tli prompt issue of a decree that the office of Commandant should henceforward be held by the first Minister. Father Fulgencio, an intriguing Friar, and the Sister Patrocinio, a nun notorious for claiming to exhibit in her own pea son miraculous effigies of the stigmata, were found to have been the chief movers of the Kiug Consort, and they were the first cast into prison. The Queen Mother was no party to the intrigue, and indeed is said to have as- sisted in the counter-movement.

GERMAN-T.—M. Radowitz has addressed the Chamber at Berlin with fresh explanations on the position of the German question. He stated that the propositions of Prussia for uniting the whole of Germany have not been realized; but her intentions remain unchanged. The cause of the failure has been, that Bavaria, Wurtemburg, and Hesse-Homburg, refused their accession, and Austria would not consent to the snag. ested union. Prussia e therefore compelled to found a political fatherland within the territorial bounds a the German Confederation: her task is to frame such a constitution for this narrower Band as shall not violate the treaties of 1815, and shall at the same time provide that in any reorganization of the German Confederation nothing may arise to make the smaller confederated state impossible. The Prussian Govern- ment, then, has declared to the Austrian, that it considers itself in the Com- miezion of the Central Power as the representative of the Union, and in acting for the general interests of Germany will always maintain an intimate under- standing with its immediate allies.

It is proposed that the election for the first Parliament of the " German Federative State shall commence everywhere" on the 16th January 1850, and that the Parliament itself shall assemble at Erfurt.

Russia.—The St. Petersburg Gazette of the 4th October officially notifies the reception of Fuad Effendi by the Czar. The Gazette states that " the distinguished reception given by his Majesty to the Ottoman representative, by putting an end to all false reports, authorizes the hope that this affair is on the eve of a prompt settlement, to the mutual satisfaction of the two Courts."

The French Government has also received despatches from General Lamoriciere, stating that Count Nesselrode had notified to the Ottoman Envoy, that the Emperor, taking into consideration the letter of the Sul. tan, limits himself to demanding that the refugees should be driven out of Turkey. The telegraphic despatch adds, that Fuad Effendi considered the affair as settled.

10/gnaw ISLANDS.—Advices from Corfu, to the 12th October, state that Theodore -Place°, the Papa Nodaro, and Bomboti, had all fallen into the hands of the military. Nodaro and Bomboti had been delivered up by villagers of the Black Mountain among whom they had taken refuge. Martial law had been removed from all districts but that of Lixiri, where it was maintained till some investigations should be made concerning charges advanced by many of the captured rebels against important per- sonages.

Irons.—The delayed Bombay mails of the 17th September and 3d October, which should have arrived with the Calcutta and Madras mails on Saturday, reached London on Wednesday.

The most interesting news is from Moultan. That renowned fortress. which resisted the fire of our heaviest artillery for so many weeks, has bees almost annihilated by a grand natural cause. The rivers Chenaub and Jhe- lum, swelled by enormous falls of rain in the countries of their sources— Cashmere and Jummoo—bad risen to a height never before known. It will be recollected that the edifices and fortifications of Moultan are con- structed, like those of all great Indian cities reared on alluvial plains, of sun-baked brick, a material of extreme hardness when dry, but one which on the penetration of water melts away into mere slime. The waters of the swollen rivers entered the ditches of the fort, and in a few hours the walls of the scarp and countersoarp slipped down like shaken sand. On the 18th August, the enormous dome of Bhawul Huk fell with a tremendous crash; on subsequent days other buildings were similarly undermined and fell; and on the 23d the river entered the citadel and levelled it, so that it remains a mere island of mud amidst the expanse of waters. The city was invaded, but as it stood on higher ground it was comparatively safe. "By the 26th the country was one vast sea, studded with trees and speckled with islands; the occupants communicating with each other by inflated skins, empty earthen vessels, pumpkin shells, planks, rafts, and boats." The remaining news is of secondary and personal interest. The affair at Emaad, on the Malabar coast, in which the Sepoys ran away, is de- scribed in detail. Some fifty Moplahs had seized on a pagoda where pro- visions, &e. had been stored in preparation for a festival: the force moved against them was ample, but as Ensign Wyse advanced to the pagoda with a small guard, four or five of the Moplahs, armed only with knives, emerged and " ran a-muck." The Sepoys fled in a panic; and Ensign Wyse, having fallen down as he turned to rally them; was gashed by the Moplahs and presently despatched. The whole force was moved against the Moplahs, and as they asked no quarter every one was put to death.

At Bombay, much social excitement had been raised on the subject of marriage law. An action of crim. eon. having been brought by Brevet Major A. N. Maclean, Twenty-eighth Bombay N. L, against Captain F. Cristall, Eighth Bombay N. L, Cristall pleaded that Major Maclean was not lawfully married to his ostensible wife. Major Maclean's marriage had been solemnized by a Congregational missionary; and it was contended that the only parties permitted by law to solemnize the marriage rite were clergy of the Roman Catholic Church and of the Established Church, Episcopalian and Presbyterian. It seems that hundreds of marriages in India are of the sort impeached, and the proceedings caused great discussion. A Bombay letter of the 3d states, however, that Major Maelean's marriage was judi daily pronounced to be valid. Camas—A letter from Hongkong, dated the 31st August, states that the Portuguese soldiery had demanded to be led against the Chinese barrier,

and had threatened to matins*, and make the attack without orders if not led by their officers. The Senate of Macao had yielded to the violent re- presentations of the excited soldiery, and sanctioned the attack; the bar- rier was assaulted, and though obstinately defended by a large force, was captured, and 74 of the Chinese were put to the sword. In special re- mliation for the death of the Governor Amaral, the Mandarin in command of the barrier was slain, and his head and hand were cut off and set up in triumph in Macao. Before this overt act of war, the Senate had prevailed on the British Governor of Hongkong, and the French and American commanders, to move their ships of war up to Macao for the protection of the town against overwhelming attack by the Chinese, who were said to contemplate the absolute destruction of the city and the obliteration of all evidences of European occupation: the Amazon had been towed up by the Medes, and a party of Marines had been landed by Captain Troubridge. But the attack of the barrier was deemed by Governor Bonham so great a violation of international right, that the Medea had been recalled to Hongkong, and only the Amazon was left at Macao. It is not stated, however, that the soldiers were reembarked.

UNITED STATES.—The Canada mail-steamer arrived at Liverpool on Sunday, in eleven days from New York. Her advices bring news from New York to the 17th, and Halifax to the 20th instant. The following announcement by Mr. Meredith, Secretary to the American Treasury, is the interesting feature of the political news.

"BiSTRUCTIONS TO COLLECTORS AND OTHER OFFICERS OF THE CUSTOMS.

" Treasury Department, October 15.

"In consequence of questions submitted by merchants and others asking, in consideration of the recent alterations of the British Navigation-Laws, on what footing the commercial relations between the United States and Great Britain will be placed on and after the 1st of January next, the day on which the recent act of the British Parliament comes into operation, the department deems it expedient at this time to issue the following general instructions for the information of the officers of the Customs and others interested.

" 1. In consequence of the alterations of the British Navigation-laws, above referred to, British vessels from British or other foreign ports will, under existing laws, after the 1st January next, be allowed to enter our ports with cargoes of the growth, manufacture, or production of any part of the world. " 2. Such vessels and their cargoes will be admitted from after the date before mentioned on the same terms as to duties, charges, and imposts, as vessels of the United States and their cargoes."

Advices had been received from Nicaragua to the 1st September. A correspondence is published which had taken place between the British Consul Mr. Chatfield and the Nicaraguan Government on the subject of a canal across the Isthmus, joining the Atlantic and the Pacific. Mr. Chat- field informed the Government, that they could not concede the right to construct the canal without endangering the claims of the English credi- tors upon the revenues of the State. The Governor replied, that the revenues were not likely to suffer by the canal; and that the debt did not destroy in Nicaragua the rights to cede a part of its territory. Mr. Chatfield also informed the Governor, that Great Britain had decided to maintain the rights of the Mosquito King; and that whatever steps might be taken against him would draw down on Nicaragua the most severe chastisement. The Minister reprimanded the Consul for the tone of the letter; and replied to it, that the Government had not been guilty of any offence towards Great Britain: he declared that the State would maintain the integrity of its territory:against the alleged claims of Mosquito.

CArtana.—Advices are brought by the American mail steam-ship, which continue the news from Montreal to the 15th. Lord Elgin had been re- ceived with respect at Toronto; a result due to the prudent self-restraint which his supporters had put on their own proceedings. His Ministers had gone to meet him there.

A remarkable document has been published at Montreal, under the title of " A Declaration in favour of Annexation to the United States." It bears the signatures of 325 persons, described as being among the most respect- able citizens of that place; and while worded in a style the most temper- ate and even affectionate towards the Mother-country, it concludes dis- tinctly in favour of Annexation.

The declaration states in the outset, that the declarators belong to all parties, origins, and creeds; animated by a desire to combine for the purposes of inquiry and preparation with a view to the adoption of such remedies as a mature and dispassionate investigation may suggest. It then initiates its general subject with this recital—" The reversal of the ancient policy of Great Britain, whereby she withdrew from her Colonies their wonted protection in her markets, has produced the most disastrous effects upon Canada. In surveying the actual condition of the country, what but ruin or rapid decay meets the eye? Our Provincial Govern- ment and civic corporations embarrassed; our banking and other securities greatly depreciated; our mercantile and agricultural interests alike unprosperous• real es tate scarcely saleable upon any terms; our unrivalled rivers, lakes, and canals, almost unused, whilst commerce abandons our shores; the circulating capital amassed under a more favourable system is dissipated, with none from any quar- ter to replace it. Thus, without available capital, unable to effect a loan with foreign states, or with the Mother-country, although offering security greatly superior to that which readily obtains money both from the United States and Great Britain when other than colonists are the applicants; crippled, therefore, and checked in the fall career of private and public enterprise; this possession of the British Crown—our country—stands before the world in humiliating contrast with its immediate neighbours, exhibiting every symptom of a nation fast sinking to decay." With cheap water-power and cheap labour, say the writers of this document, we have yetno domestic manufactures; and while the adjoining States are covered with a network of thriving railways, Canada possesses but three lines. Our form of provincial government is cumbrous; the bitter animosities of political parties and actions, often leading to violence, and on one occasion to civil war, seem not to have abated with time and are in no prospect of abatement, but the aspect of parties is daily more threatening; and under existing institutions and relations there is little hope of a peaceful or prosperous administration of affairs. Among the statesmen of the Mother-country—the sagacious observers of the neighbour- ing Republic--in Canada—in all British North America—there is a strong per- vading conviction that a political revolution is at hand. Each being the causes of present evils, how far do the remedies ordinarily pro- posed offer sound inducements for adoption? 1. The revival of protection in the markets of the United Kingdom, if attainable in a sufficient degree and guaranteed long enough, would ameliorate the condition of many chief interests; but the policy of the Empire forbids the anticipation. 2. Protection of home manufactures would not without access to the United States market be a sufficient expansion of the protected interest. 3. A Federal Union of the States would be problematical of establishment; and its economical advantages might be secured by legislation under the present system. 4. The independence of the British North American Colonies would by its incidents--the necessity for forming treaties, acquiring a name and character among the nations, for forming the needful military defences, 3m—overmatch the strength of the new republic, and be too costly a boon. 5. Reciprocal free trade with the United States in respect to the produce of the farm, the forest, and the mine, would yield bat an instalment of the many advantages which might otherwise be gained. "6. Of all the remedies that have been suggested for the acknowledged and in- sufferable ills with which our country is afflicted, there remains but one to be con- sidered. It propounds a sweeping and important change in our political and social condition, involving considerations which demand our most serious ex- amination. This remedy consists in a friendly and peaceful separation from British connexion, and a union upon equitable terms with the Great North Ame- rican Confederacy of Sovereign Suttee "But, inasmuch," continues the declaration, "as towards Great Britain we en- tertain none other than sentiments of kindness and respect, without her consent we consider separation as neither practicable nor desirable." " The colonial policy of the parent state, the avowals of her leading statesmen, the public sentiments of the empire, present unmistakeable and significant in- dieztions of the appreciation of colonial connexion. That it is the resolve of England to invest us with the attributes and compel us to assume the burdens of independence, is no longer problematical. The threatened withdrawal of her troops from other colonies, the continuance of her military protection to ourselves only on the condition that we shall defray the attendant expenditure, betoken in- tentions towards our country against which it is weakness in us not to provide. An overruling conviction, then, of its necessity, and a high sense of the duty we owe to our country, a duty we can neither disregard nor postpone, impel us to en- tertain the idea of separation. " Whatever negotiations may eventuate with Great Britain, a grateful liberality on the party of Canada should mark every proceeding." The declaration then sets forth the advantages, material, social, and political, which would result to Canada from annexation,—namely, the equalization of the value of land on both sides of the frontier, by the increase of commerce, the in.. troduction cf manufacturing capital, the simple and economical government of a state responsible to the people, the replacement of war alarms by peace and amity with a powerful neighbour; the change of ground in the political contests be- tween races and parties, and the consequent obliteration of old rancours and re- moval of existing conflicts. It then glances at the advantages from annexation to the United States themselves.

The declaration concludes—" Fellow colonists, we have thus laid before yon our views and convictions on a momentous question, involving a change wluch, though contemplated by many of us with varied feelings and emotions, we all believe to be inevitable—one which it is our duty to provide fur, and lawfully to promote. We address you without prejudice or partiality, in the spirit of sin- cerity and truth, in the interest solely of our common country; and our single aim is its safety and welfare. If to your judgment and reason our object and aim be at this time deemed laudable and right, we ask an oblivion of past dissen- sions; and from all, without distinction of origin, party, or creed, that earnest and cordial cooperation in such lawful, prudent, and judicious means, as may beet conduct us to our common destiny."