9 JULY 1892

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BOOKS.

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ADVENTURES IN MASHONALAND.* LORD RANDOLPH CHURCHILL'S adventures in Mashonaland are disappointing when viewed in a collected form. He says in his preface that, as he was assured...

kitrrarp e %uppirninit.

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LONDON: JULY 9, 180 - 2.

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THE FRIENDSHIP OF CONDORCET AND TURGOT.* ONE of the stiff,

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formal, polite, plain-spoken, ill-assorted, yet honest and unchangeable friendships of the eighteenth century, was that which existed between Condorcet and Turgot. Except in the...

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TWO BOOKS ABOUT WOMEN.* Is there anything that has undergone

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so much change of style in the last hundred years as novels F When they first attained a real standing in literature, they teemed with moral reflec- tions, which perhaps the...

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MR. HIGGINBON'S ESSAYS.*

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MR. Ilmonrsorr is an American who, it may be remembered, gained no small honour in the great Civil War. Since that eventful time, he has written many books, which are all well...

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HAMPTON COURT PALACE IN ORANGE AND GUELPH TIMES.*

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MIL LAW'S new volume concludes his work on Hampton Court Palace, and brings its history down to the present time. It covers a period of just two centuries, a period which, he...

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PARIS.*

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WE have always a certain difficulty in dealing with an illus- trated book, from the necessity of solving a question which is sometimes designedly obscured, whether the writer or...

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Literary Industries. By H. H. Bancroft. (Harper and Brothers, New

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York.)—Mr. Hubert Hare Bancroft, who must not be con- founded with his namesake, George Bancroft, describes in this volume how he came to write his book on "The History of the...

Two Aunts and a Nephew. By M. Betham - Edwards. (Henry and

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Co.)—There is a certain freshness about this story. The heroine, Xenia, is of a quite unusual kind; so is her lover; so are all her surroundings. The three American girls who...

A Tiger's Cub. By Eden Philpots. (J. W. Arrowsmith. Bristol.)

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—This is, on the whole, a well-contrived story, though it stretches the limits of the probable at least as far as we are prepared to con- cede them. Still, something may be...

A Manual of Doctrine and Practice for Church Teachers. By

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the Rev. T. Sidney Boucher. (Griffith, Ferran, and Co.)—There is some valuable information in Mr. Boucher's book, but we venture to suggest to the "young curates" to whom, among...

CURRENT LITERATURE.

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Familiar Studies in Homer. By Agnes M. Clerke. (Longmans.) —This is an interesting book, showing careful study, but some- what spoilt by a pompous style. Here, for instance, is...

The Youth of the Duchess of Angouleme. By Imbert de

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Saint- Amend. Translated by Elizabeth Gilbert Martin. (Hutchinson.) —The most interesting part of this book is the description of the captivity of the young Princess. It is with...

Betsy. By "V." (Osgood, McIlvaine, and Co.)—Betsy is a lively,

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clever, and kind-hearted American girl, whose appearances in the story might with advantage be more frequent than they are. Evelyn Vernon, who gives up a lover for whom she has...

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The King of the Castle. By G. Manville Fenn. 3

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vols. (Ward and Downey.)—This story can hardly be called commonplace. That, indeed, is not a fault of which Mr. Manville Fenn can be accused. The "King of the Castle" is an...

Epidemics, Plagues, and Fevers. By the Hon. Rollo Russell. (E.

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Stanford.)—This volume is described by the author as "an epitome of existing knowledge concerning the nature and pre- vention of maladies commonly spoken of as 'preventable.' "...

Old Dacre's Darling, By Annie Thomas (Mrs. Pender Cudlip). 3

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vols. (F. V. White and Co.)—Mrs. Pender Cudlip is no mean proficient in the art of writing repulsive novels ; but here she has surpassed herself. Here is a brief sketch of the...

Introduction to the Study of Political Economy. By Richard T.

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Ely. (Swan Sonnenschein and Co.)—This book, the work of a Professor in the Johns Hopkins University, is of a popular character, having been originally written for the"...

In Ladies' Company : Six Interesting Women. By Mrs. Fenwick

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Miller. (Ward and Downey.)—Mary Seaton, the faithful friend of Mary, Queen of Scots, takes the first place in this volume. The narrative includes a passing defence of the Queen,...

Edinburgh Sketches and Memories. By David Masson. (Illack.) — This handsome-looking

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volume consists of eight papers reprinted from magazines, and of five now published for the first time" from manuscript of various dates since 1867." Professor Masson's accuracy...

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PowraY.—One in the Infinite. By George Francis Savage- Armstrong. (Longmans.)—A

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certain unity of purpose runs through the two hundred and thirty detached poems which make up Mr. Savage-Armstrong's volume. This purpose may be gathered from the title which he...

Cocoa : AU About It. By " Eistorieus." (Sampson Low

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and Co.)—A pretty little gilt-edged book that would look nice on a drawing-room table, "all about cocoa," a substance largely con- sumed, yet of which few people know aught,...

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Scnoot-Boous.—Round the Empire, by George R. Parkin, M.A. (Cassell and

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Co.), comes with a recommendation from Lord Rose- bery. The knowledge of the dominions which make Britain an imperial country is so important, that, as Lord Rosebery puts it, "...

BIBLICAL CBITICISH.—Early Religion of Israel. By James Robertson, D.D. (Blackwood

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and Sons.)—This volume, contain- ing, with some additions, the Baird Lectures delivered three years ago, is a moderate and candid effort to state the conservative view of the...

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Mrs. Dines Jewels. By W. Clark Russell. (Sampson Low, Marston,

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and Co.)—This is one of the slighter efforts of Mr. Russell's pen, but it is a good story, well constructed and well told. To criticise it would be to reveal the plot; so we...

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LONDON : Printed by loan CAMPBELL, of No. 1 Wellington

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Street, in the Precinct of the Savoy, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, at 18 Exeter Street, Strand ; and Published by him at the " SPECTATOR " Office, No. 1 Wellington...

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At the National Liberal Club, they exhibited a trans- parency

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on Monday night with "Seven Liberal Gains" in brilliant illumination. On Tuesday there were no gains, so they merely exhibited a transparency of Mr. Gladstone. As a...

There has been a sort of scare in Morocco. The

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French, annoyed at the apparent success of Sir Euan Smith in repre- senting British interests, are putting pressure on the Sultan. According to the correspondent of the Times,...

The election of Mr. D. Naoroji—pronounced NourOjee—for Central Finsbury by

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a majority of 3, is a picturesque though not wholly satisfactory incident of the elections. If the electors of Central Finsbury like to be represented by a fire- worshipping...

The most impressive incidents of the elections hitherto have been

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the triumph of the Conservative candidate by an immense majority at Newcastle-on-Tyne, where Mr. Morley is now only second on the poll ; the general improvement of the Unionist...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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TI P to yesterday afternoon, we had the returns of 314 Members elected to the new Parliament,—of whom 156 were Conservatives, 22 were Liberal Unionists (if Sir Edward Watkin is...

The chief gains in Scotland have been the seat for

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West Edinburgh, wrested by Lord Wolmer from Mr. Buchanan, where Lord Wolmer has transformed a minority of 54 into a majority of 512, and the seat for Peebles and Selkirk. In...

*** The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

iaftA

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#prfator FOR THE No. 3,341.] WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JULY 9, 1892. [ REGISTERED AS A [PRICE 63. NEWSPAPER. BY POST, 6id.

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The French and Germans have got another little quarrel on

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hand. The Berliners are anxious, as their capital is now so important, to have a grand International Exhibition in 1900. The French consider this a sort of impertinence on the...

A strike which closely resembles a civil war has broken

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out in Mr. Carnegie's immense iron and steel works at Homestead, near Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. The firm found it needful, under the McKinley Tariff, to offer their men lower...

The two most remarkable speeches of the week are Mr.

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Goschen's reply yesterday week at Edinburgh to Mr. Glad- stone's first and most important Scotch speech, and Lord. Randolph Churchill's very clever speech on Saturday to his....

The cholera is advancing in Russia with rapid strides. It

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has appeared in Astrakhan, the city at the mouth of the Volga,. and far up the river in the Province of Samara, which of all provinces is the one most affected by the recent...

The Austro-Hungarian Consul at Alexandria blames the- British authorities in

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Egypt for not " encouraging " native manufactures. He argues that Egypt, with its enormous. water-power, its cheap labour, and its cheap canal-transit, is the very country for...

The Norwegians, as is well known, are most jealous of

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the separate position of their little Kingdom, which they insist shall not be merged in Sweden even as regards foreign affairs. They wish, in fact, to reduce the Union to a mere...

The quarrel between Prince Bismarck and his master still continues,

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General Caprivi having published the orders issued to German diplomatists in Vienna on the occasion of the Prince's visit there. They are couched in honorific terms, but direct...

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One thing is certain, that whatever may be the result

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of the county elections, no one can justly say, so far as regards the borough elections, that the popular feeling is all on one side. The contests have been singularly close,...

Mr. Balfour, in a speech at Wigan on Tuesday, justly

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main- tained that when Mr. Gladstone talks of Labour questions, he really means political changes by which the political power of the labourer is to be increased in the...

The French ironclad Le Roche' has just given the world

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an object-lesson in the use of the ram. On the 7th inst., the French squadron at Marseilles was exercising, and the iron- clad was crossing the roadstead at full speed, when it...

Mr. Gladstone made a great speech at DallEeith on Tues-

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day. It was very remarkable as showing how entirely he has .ceased to think that England has any interest at all in the welfare of Scotland or Ireland, and we suppose,...

Bank Rate, 2 per cent. New Consols (249 were on

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Frarty 962.

Lord Randolph Churchill's speech on Saturday insisted on the very

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strong case which Mr. Gladstone ought to make out for an arrangement which, by creating two Parliaments "practically equal and practically independent of each other, and more or...

Trinity College, Dublin, celebrated the three-hundredth anniversary of its birth

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on Tuesday last with great solemnity and splendour, with a religious service in St. Patrick's Cathedral. No doubt the tercentenary lost some of its effect from the political...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE BOROUGH ELECTIONS. I T is no wonder that Mr. Gladstone at West Calder pledged himself to support the abolition of University representation in the House of Commons, for he...

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THE DEFECTS OF MR. GLADSTONE'S QUALITIES S OME of Mr. Gladstone's

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greatest errors have, in our opinion, had their origin in tendencies of which he has great reason to be proud. For example, his eager, and we might almost say superstitious,...

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THE LABOUR PROGRAMME. T HE records of this Election leave on

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our minds a strong impression that the next Third Party in the United Kingdom will be the Labour Party ; and it may be a numerous one too. It will not dominate the State, even...

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THE NEWS FROM MOROCCO.

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T HOSE who know Morocco are said to regard the latest news from Fez, conveyed to the Times in a telegram dated from that capital, and not, as customary, from Tangier, as...

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MINUTE MAJORITIES.

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W E all talk of the Popular Verdict as the final arbiter in politics ; but it may be doubted whether, except under extraordinary circumstances, such, for instance, as -marked...

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FREE-TRADE IN AMERICA.

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M R. SHEARM.A.N, the author of a very able letter in Wednesday's Times, is persuaded of the approach of Free-trade in America. The facts he gives to support his view are well...

A DANGER IN THE POPE'S WAY.

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T HE communications of Leo XIII. with the French Royalists are already sufficient to make a handsome volume, and those who wish well to the cause the Pope has at heart, may be...

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CHOLERA PANIC. T HE panic which the cholera is beginning to

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inspire in Russia is of the same type as that which plague used to inspire in Milan, in London,—indeed, in almost all places where its ravages have been severely felt. It is...

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ANIMAL-PAINTING AT THE ACADEMY.

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I N the absence of any distinct school of animal-painting in England, such as exists in the most highly specialised form in Japan, and with very definite rules and traditions in...

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THE " MAGNETISM " WHICH DEPRESSES.

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N O story among the scores embedded in that remarkable book, "An Englishman in Paris," a book now admitted to contain the reminiscences of Sir Richard Wallace, has interested us...

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A NOVEL BREACH OF CONTRACT.

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I T is so seldom that really poetic justice is done by a decision in the Law Courts, that we may be excused for expressing our pleasure at the judgment of Mr. Justice Hawkins,...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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MR. GLADSTONE'S IRISH POLICY. [To THZ EDITOR OF THE " SPECT•TOR." . 1 SIN, — Whatever may be the result of the General Election, Mr. Gladstone's exposition of his Irish policy,...

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RAVACHOL AND HIS CREED. [To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

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SIR,—Nothing could be more just than your appreciation (in your issue of June 25th) of the " defence " set up by Ravachol at his recent trial for the murder of the " hermit " at...

MR. GLADSTONE AND HOME-RULE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOZ."1 Si, — As a constant reader and adherent of the Spectator, I venture to express a regret that you should in your issue of July 2nd have...

POETRY.

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LINES TO OUR NEW CENSOR. [Mr. Oscar Wilde, having discovered that England is unworthy of him, has announced his resolve to become a naturalised. Frenchman.] AND wilt thou,...

SAGACITY OF THE HORSE.

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[To THZ EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOX."] SIR,—An instance of the extraordinary sagacity and fidelity of a horse may interest the readers of the Spectator. The account appeared in...

BOOKS.

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STENDHAL ' S " LETTRES DITLIIES. "41 THE intrepid dandy who shared in the campaign of Prussia and the retreat from Moscow, affected a cavalier indifference to the reception of...

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WASHINGTON IRVING'S " ALHAMBRA."*

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THERE is something which strikes one immediately as being eminently fitting in the sumptuousness of this edition of The Alhambra, which has just been issued from the deservedly...

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SIR CHARLES GAVAN DUFFY'S "CONVERSA- TIONS WITH CARLYLE."*

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ANY keen and sensible man's book on Carlyle is sure to have an interest of its own, and Sir Charles Gavan Duffy is cer- tainly a keen and sensible man, though he views Carlyle...

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WAGNER UNVEILED.*

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THERE was no need for the late Mr. Ferdinand Praeger to set forth, as he has done in his preface, his qualifications to speak with authority about Wagner. No man in England, and...

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A FRENCH AMBASSADOR.*

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N. JUBSEBAND'S book might perhaps be called a book of gossip, but it is the gossip of which history is made. If Dr. Johnson was right in characterising as a piece of history a...

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PRACTICAL GUIDES TO MEDI/ET - AL

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HTJSB.A_NDRY.* THE four treatises which have been brought together in this little volume are of great value, as, taken together, they pre- sent a clear and actual view of the...

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AN ENGLISHMAN IN PARIS.*

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THE writer of these volumes—who is said to be Sir R. Wallace =lived in Paris from his youth, and was thoroughly acquainted with all the sides of it throughout along career. He...

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CURRENT LITERATURE.

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study, that it was written to compete for a college prize, for the volume opens in the grandiose style of s young man ambitious of saying fine things in fine language. Mr....

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Ides Judicatw : Papers and Essays. By Augustine Birrell. (Elliot

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Stock.)—Mr. Birrell is an attractive writer. He has read much, and knows how to use his knowledge. He is blessed with a sense of humour and a good style; and humour and style...

A Garrison Romance. By Mrs. Leith-Adams. (Eden, Reming- ton and

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Co.)—This is a good story, of course about love rather than war, for such is the wont of military romances, but satisfactory in its construction, and told with force. Mr. Jones,...

Homeward Bound. By Edward Reeves. (Swan Sonnenschein and Co.)—Mr. Reeves

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visite England after an absence of thirty years, and took on his way most of the other Australasian Colonies, Ceylon, Port Said, Italy, and Spain. Unfortunately, he stops in his...

Early Papers and Some Memories. By Henry Morley, L.LD (Routledge

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and Sons.)—Some twenty odd pages of autobiography, containing reminiscences of medical and literary life—for Pro- fessor Morley began life as a doctor—are remarkably...

Swift : Selections from his Works. Edited, with Life, Introduc-

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tions, and Notes, by Henry Craik. In 2 vole. Vol. I. (Claren- don Press.)—Although the work has been done, and for the most part well done, already, it is fitting that the...

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The Annual Register, 1891. (Longraans.)—This, the eighth volume of the

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new series, is as likely to be useful as its pre- decessors. The first part consists of continuous summaries of affairs in England, and in the principal countries of the world ;...

The Tradesmen's Tokens of the Eighteenth Century. By James Atkins.

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(W. S. Lincoln and Son.)—This is a labour of love, accomplished by an author whose somewhat Dryasdustish enthu- siasm is unbounded, and whose fitness for his task is proved by...

The Expositor. Edited by the Rev. W. Robertson Nicoll, M.A.

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Vol. V. (Hodder and Stoughton.)—Perhaps the most interesting portion of this volume is that occupied by Professor Cheyne's review, in three parts, of his colleague Professor...

The Princess Taralcanova : a Dark Chapter of Russian History.

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Translated from the Russian of S. P. Danilevski by Ida de Monchanoff. (Swan Sonnenschein and Co.)—Somehow Russian novels fail to "catch on" in this country. Even the...

We have received the seventh volume of the new edition

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of The Cambridge Shakespeare, edited by William Aldis Wright (Mac- millan). This volume contains Timon of Athens, Julius Calor, Macbeth, and Hamlet. The edition is to Le...