[To the Editor of the SPECT.4TOR.1 Sin,-In my letter published in the iSpectator of May 25th, I stated, as pointed out in a footnote in last week's number, that whether the...

TEMPERANCE REFORM [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] - SI,--".A. S." agrees that during the War the Trade was wonderfully prosperous and that at the same tinie the countrv was...

A NEW THEORY OF THE UNIVERSE [To the. Editor of the SPECTATOR.1 Sin,--Your correspondent, Lord Sands, asks why the theory of relativity should be considered - revolutionary in...

Letters to the Editor SAFEGUARDING AND FREE TRADE [To thle Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,- --It was the Spectator which taught me Free Trade in the days of the Chamberlain...

The Sultan of Zanzibar Among the visitors to London none is more wclconic than Seyyid Khalifa bill larub, Sultan of Zawtzibar. He arrived too late to witness the election...

The International Labour Office The twelfth International Labour Conference opened on Thursday, May 30th. Several points are worth noting: fifty out of the fifty-five States...

China In China, Chiang Kai-shek is very reluctant to attack Feng Yu-hsiang, apparently because it is hoped that Feng may throw up the sponge and retire once more into Mongolia....

A Reparations Settlement Before the end of the week the Committee of Experts vill have issued an agreed Report on the new Reparations settlement-so much we were told by a...

The Derby On Wednesday the Derby was run in pouring rain. The betting on the winner, Trigo, was 33 to 1 against; on Walter Gay, who was second, 100 to 8 against; and on Brienz...

Church and State in Mexico A message from Washington to the Tinmes is of happy augury for the future of Mexico. Mgr. Ruiz y Flores, who was formerly head of the Mexican Church,...

The Honours List The Birthday Honours List was interesting, and longer than usual. Five new Peers were created. Mr. W. C. Bridgeman becomes a Viscount, and carries with him...

INGENIOUS MIACHNES. This is one example of the doubly blessed value of the national mark. It is likely to exercise a permanent effect on the poultry industry if on no other....

FROST-LOVING PLANTS. How little we know of the correlations of nature! We experienced this year the most killing of frosts and a destructive drought. Yet the effects have...

* * * * RAV'EN AND B UZZARBD. In a North Devon wood have nested this year a pair of ravens and a pair of buzzards, both in trees and not far removed from one another. Neither...

THE ORIGIN OF WOODS On a charming country estate I saw the other day the most glorious vista of bluebelLs within memory. They had been disclosed and encouraged over a spacious...

There is still room for great expansion of the poultry indus- try; but progress is very rapid. One of these stations expects to deal with at least fifteen million eggs within...

A lRinEDrn HIBERNACUIXIM. It became necessary this spring to mend one small corner of an old wall surrounding the kitchen garden of a country house. In the course of the work...

Country - Life TuIE NATIONAL MARK. One of the most essential needs of England is that town jpopulations, especially in the poorest parts, should desire good food, should...

* * * * Wye have evidence from several directions that home-grown food and drink grow more popular. Some communities are making loaves exclusively from British flour. For some...

Real Sunlight THEY say that, when Confucius was asked how to reform the world, he replied, " Call things by their right names." When we name sunlight, we ought to mean the...

EASTERN, TELEGRAPH. It was fitting -that at the recent meetings of the Marconi Company and the Eastern and Associated Telegraph Companies Lord Inverforth, presiding at the...

Financial Notes AN INTERESTING WEEK. SHEER relief that General Election uncertainties had bcen terminated proved to be the dominating factor in the stock markets this week. On...

COTTON PROFITS. A substantial and welcome increase is shown in the profits of J. & P. Coats for the past year, the total being £4,606,000, against £3,838,000. An amount of...

Pn1rsNIX. In the regrettable absence, through illness, of Sir Gerald Ryan, Mr. Arthur M. Walters, the Deputy Chairman, presided at the recent meeting of the Phoenix Assurance...

ANGLO-ANmERICA.N OIL. The note of caution sounded with regard to the oil industry in general by Viscount Bearsted was endorsed by the Chairman at the annual meeting of the...

BRAZIL TRACTION PROGRi'S'. The annual Report of the Brazilian Traction, Light an(d Power Company for the year 1928 is an excellent one and reflects favourably upon the...

v.o.C. At the recent meeting of the V.O.C. Holding Company criticism was conspicuous by its absence. In passing. the Chairman, Viscount Bearsted, made an allusion to...

The Story of a Neurotic Prisoners All. By Oskar Maria Graf. (Knopf. lOs. 6d.) THIS is certainly an extraordinary book. We read the opinion of Thomas Mann, the great German...

A Mediaeval Tapestry The Gothick North. I. The Visit of the Gypsies. By Sacheverell Sitwell. (Duckworth. 8s. 6d.). TnE author and publisher between them have made a mistake...

IN- DEFENCE OF THE FAITH [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,-As a reader of the Spectator for nearly forty years, I should like to thank you for your Scottish number of May...

THE [To the MODERN NOVEL Editor of the SvFcarxioit.] Siii,-We have to-day a tone in fiction which is distasteful to ordinary wholesome people. It causes problems for every...

A " HOMING " RAVEN [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,-The other day I saw a raven in the sky as I was making my way up a Grampian slope. The bird camne lower as I...

. A FORMER COMMISSIONER OF DELHI[To the Editor-of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,-I have only now had the opportunity of reading the second volume of Lord Ronaldshay's Life of Lord...

. I [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,-That your contributor is too sweeping in his condemnation of the local Cornish people I feel sure.- I can speak only of one district...

IN DEFENCE OF CORNWALL I [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,-As a Cornishman and a member of the Society for the Preservation of Rural England and the National Trust, I am...

DOMESTIC REFUSE [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,-One or two of your correspondents have described the primitive methods employed by some of the Borough Councils in...

HOMECROFTING [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIB,-May I presume upon your interest in the Homecroft movement so -far as to state that the first steps are now being taken to...

Some Books of the Week PEOPLE who are fond of walking and who do not know the Chiltern country will gratefully acknowledge their debt to Mr. Ralph M. Robinson for introducing...

* * * * W'ild-Fowlers and Poachers (Methuen, 15s.) partly explains its contents by its title. The author, Mr. A. H. Patterson, has had fifty years' experience of out-of-door...

* * * * Professor William McDougall became convinced that in his now celebrated Body and Mind he had not paid sufficient attention to the problem of "teleological causation,"...

The history of England's relations with China cannot be understood, as students know, without reference to -Dr. H. B. Morse's formidable Chronicles of the East India Company...

AF W Th w A new book for children, The Hoojibahs, by Esther Boum- phrey (Oxford University Press, 5s.), is full of a light and cheerful fancy. Who these Hoojibahs are will...

Although it is instinctive with many of us to resist the insidious force of advertising which threatens to tear from us the last vestige of our individuality-yet when the case...

Two years ago we discussed here the personality and work of Carl Spitteler, Swiss epic poet, and last of the Olympians. In our present world-humour, we examine such a character...

JUSTICE BY CORRESPONDENCE. An interesting experiment has been begun in Los Angeles Municipal Courts with the introduction of trial by mail for traffic offenders. The main...

American Notes of the Week -(By Cable) [The American Notes which have been appearing in the SPECTATOR for the last few weeks are written by Mr. Ivy Lee, the well-known...

U.S.A. AND U.S.S.R I The details just published of contracts entered into by the Soviet Government and American firms show the immense strides which have been made recently in...

PACIFISM AND CITIZENSIIIP. As was to be expeeted, considerable controversy has followed the majority decision of the Supreme Court which debars Madame Rosika Schwimmer, a...

PRESIDENT'S DIsARMAMENT SPEECH. The President's Memorial Day disarmament speech, so different in tone from Mr. Coolidge's Armistice Day ovation, has had a very cordial...

* * * * The Function of. Liberalism If there has been much nonsense written about the new women voters, there has been a corresponding volume of thoughtless criticism of the...

Those who are quite sure that it was the Liberals who caused the Unionist downfall assume that votes which were given to a Liberal would otherwise havoe gone to the Unionist....

The policy of preliminary inquiry will, in our opinion, be reasonable. Few people know enough about the working of the various tried metriods of electoral reform to care to...

Electoral Reform Although Labour is now the strongest Party, the total number of votes cast for the Unionists exceeded those cast for Labour by more than 200,000. The round...

The Women's Vote More nonsense has been written about the enlarged franchise and the so-called " flapper " vote than on any other subject of the Election. The truth is that...

We cannot refrain from a few words of congratu- lation to Mr. Norman Angell on his election as the Labour member for Bradford (North). Mr. Angell is in no sense a party bigot,...

The New Prime Minister We have written in a leading article on Mr. Baldwhi'sn wise decision to resign at once instead of meeting the House of Commons as Prime Minister. On...

The Goodwill of British Commerce A COUNTRY'S goodwill abroad is of the greatest Ak. importance in every sphere, not least the commercial and financial. For no country is it...

STAG HUNTING [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.J SIR,-Although we do not agree on the subject of hunting, I think you might have added an editorial note to Miss Margaret Martin's...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,-I find that an impertinent and superfluous "not" has somehow insinuated itself into my letter in this week's Spectator. The penultimate...

POINTS FROM LETTERS THE PASSING HOUlR. In the Spectator for June 1st I was interested to see that Mr. Edward Trevelyan, writing from Nice, says that a sundial in a monastic...

HUMANELY-KILLED -[To the Editor of FURRED ANIMALS the SPECTATOR.] SIR,-Miay I express my interest in the letter on the subject on "Huim anely-Killed Furs," published in your...

News -of the Week The General Election ] )HE result of the General Election has laid 11po10 T every party the obligations of restraint and good w% ill. There is no conceivable...

Mr. IloI)e. the Deputy Speaker, loit his; seat, atd Ilk knowledge of the tcchni(Ilte of' thle 11outse Will oftell be anlted. ,Another surprising disap)pearance is that of Mr....

11When we write on Thursday the result of the polls bt the .Scattish Uni-versities is not yet known. The Rugby Divisi84of War-wickshire will -poll next week.- - Otherwise the...

* * * * Onlys one mlember of the latc Ca.binset wa.s (lefeate(l - -,Sir Arthur Steel-Maitland, the Mfinister of' Labour, but Sir Austen Chamberlain was retilrne(l 1b a...

The Inspiration of Death [This is another article giving expression to " The Younger Point of View," and providing an opportunity for our readers under thirty to express their...

Music COVNTISi, G.AIRDE.N OPrAit. BETWEIEN the German and the Italian seasons at Covent Garden, Mozart's " Don Giovanni " was given in Italian. Apart from the fact that it...

A Fair Deal R. BALDWIN has set an excellent example in Myle recognizing the implications of the fact that the Labour Party is now the strongest party in the State. British...

UWINTER. By F. Griese. (Longmans, Green. 7s. 6d.).- - - -- . . . This is a translation of a recent work by one of the most popular of the modern school of German peasant...

THE WEB OF DESTINY. By Seamark. (Hodder and Stoughton. 7s. 6d.)-Horror upon horror, mystery after mystery, are here prodigally dispensed.' Almost every page has its surprise,...

THE ENCHANTED GARDEN AN'D OTHER STORIES. By Horace Annesley Vachell. (Cassell. 7s. 6d.)-Mr. Vachell's new volume contains two miniature novels, into both of which, though in...

In Defence of the Faith The Substance of Faith jThe writer of this arliele is Professor of Moral Philosophy in the University of Ediiiburglh. Next week we shall print an...

The Poor White Paleface: The Philosophy of the Melting Pot. By Wyndham Lewis. (Chatto and Windts. 7s. 6d.) I - Pale!f e, Mr. Wyndham Lewis is in one of his most generous...

- Correspondence A LETTER FROMf JOHANNESBURG. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.I SiR,-Soutl Africa never cultivates the week-end habit more than in Johannesburg in the weeks...

A Hundred Years Ago THE SPECTATOR, JINmT 6TH, 1829. PROCEEDINGS IN PARLIAMENT. In another fruitless discussion on the currency and the distress, Mr. Baring concurred...

Poetrv Still Life HERE I lie Lapped in silk Between two sheets As warm as milk, And yet I dream Of lonely folk Who claim alone The night as cloak. I can but guess How cold...

Wanderlust A Traveller of the. Sixties. Being Extracts from the Diaries of the late Frederick James Stevenson of Journeyings During the Years 1867-69. (Constable. 12s. 6d.)...

English Mysticism Minor Works of Walter Hilton. Edited by Dorothy Joiies. Orchart Books. (Burns, Oates and Washbourne. 5FY.) Time important Lambeth MS. of Ililton's Scale of...

A Luncheon Hour I RECENTLY had occasion to walk east of Liverpool Street Station. Time was when I did not wait for occasion to take me there. I would of my own free will board...

More Books of the Week (Continued from page. 902.) We lhave received the June number of Johh Martin's book :Ilie Uttia S Magazine-perhaps the most stimulating and...

a. w Father Henri Lammens, S.J., Professor of Arabic at St. Joseph s, Beyrout, is one of the greatest authorities in the West on the beliefs and institutions of Mohanunedans....

A clever Swede, Mr. Knut Hagberg, gives his views nn I I great Englishmen, past and present, i kngs, Churchilj- and Stakesnen (The Bodley Head, 12s. 6d.). Although these...

Captain A. H. Trapman deprecates the idea that he is publistung a mere collection of dog stories in this very interesting study of " man's best friend," The Dog (Hutchinson,...

The mark was tumbling when Mr. Konrad Bercovici sDent I tr " .- _- . - I,. . i-. _ His Nights Abroad (The Cayme Press, 12s. 6d.) in Berlin. In Constantinople he saw countless...

Motors and Motoring Automatic Traffic Signals. The Latest 2i-6o 6-cyl. Wolseley THIEnE is but little doubt that we must aim more and more at automatic, or partly automatic,...

Eton Shades of Eton. By-Percy Lubbock. (Cape. 7s. 6d.) FEw books, if any, have described the spirit of a place and the life lived therein with such insight and charm as Mr....

The Great Cardinal Wolsey. By A. F. Pollard. (Longmans. 21s.) TuIE name of Cardinal Wolsey, the minister of Henry VIII., is familiar to everyone. But, as Professor Pollard...

The Magazines IN the Nineteenth-Century " Health Hints from the Ancients," by Mr. Stanley Keyte, is perhaps the most interesting paper. In the days of Lucian to be " eighty...

Fiction Changing Times Barbarian Stories. By Naomi Mitchison. (Capo. 7s. 6(d.) Flowerdown. By Aim Knox. (Constable. 7s. 6d.) The Prince or Somebody. By Louis Golding....

The League of Nations The Madrid Congress of the League of Nations Societies THiE Thirteenth Plenary Congress of the Federation of League of Nations Societies, held at Madrid...

Lessons of the Election U XTIL the Election was over we purposely refrained U from criticizing the late Government. Times without number the Spectator has pledged itself to...

Finance-Public and Private After the Election [The Editor wishes to point out that the Spectator does not necessarily identify itself with the views expressed in these...