7 JULY 1917

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INDEX.

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FROM JULY 7th TO DECEMBER 29th, 1917, INCLUSIVE. Tsome. OF THE DAY. A CCORDING 50 Their Lights .. 241 Adoption, the Epidemic of .. 79 Air-rover, the Need of 1101441...

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The French have had a week of very heavy fighting

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on the heights north of the Aisne. The enemy, after repeated attacks on Friday week and Saturday last, gained ground near Cerny, in the centre of the Chemin dee Dames, but they...

The success of the Russians in the first battle of

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the Revolution is of the highest importance both to them and to the Allies. Whether General Brussiloff can develop the victory is a minor matter. He IMO already done far more...

The weekly return of losses by mine or submarine again

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shows a welcome decrease. Last week we lost fifteen merchantmen over 1,600 tons—five less than the week before, and ten less than the week before that. In the five weeks ending...

THE PAPER SHORTAGE.—We trust that readers of the "Spectator" will

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give definite orders to their newsagents for a copy of the " Spectator " to be reserved for them each week till countermanded.

Sir Douglas Haig has continued his methodical advance east of

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the Vimy Ridge. At the end of last week he cleared the strong defences on the Souchez River covering Lens, and also took more than a mile of the enemy's front line further...

Enemy aeroplanes, twelve or fourteen in number, made a raid

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on Harwich early on Wednesday morning. They were quickly driven off by gunfire and by our aircraft, though not before they had dropped bombs, killing eleven persons and wounding...

The battles for supremacy in the air were not on

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so large a scale or so intense last month as in April or May, when 717 and 713 aeroplanes were put out of action, but the summary in Tuesday's Times shows that the superiority...

The voyage of the first American contingent to France was

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rot, it appears, without incident. Mr. Daniels, the Secretary for the Navy, has announced that two separate convoys were waylaid by enemy submarines at different points far out...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE resumption of the Russian offensive is the great eventof the week. On Sunday last, after two days of violent bombardment, the Russians attacked on a wide front in Galicia...

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The dignity and good feeling of Lord Hardinge's defence un-

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doubtedly impressed the House, though wa do-not suppose that any one fancied the findings of the Mesopotamie.n Commission to be in any way shaken. The value of the statement,...

The Anglo-German War Prisoners' Conference at the Hague has ended

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in substantial agreement on the points discussed. At the final meeting, held at the Dutch Foreign Office on Tuesday, Protocols containing the conclusions were signed by the...

America's Independence Day was officially celebrated in London on Wednesday.

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For the first time in history, the Stars and Strips* waved with the Union Jack on the Victoria Tower and over every Government building, in witness that the two branches of the...

As to the very important declaration about the possibility of

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snaking peace with the German people instead of with the Hohenzollems and their parasites we have written at length else- where. We trust that it may be possible to turn the...

The advent of M. Venizelos to power at Athens has

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rapidly transformed the situation. He has purged the Administration, removing the dubious pro-German officials. He has recalled to Athens the Generals and senior officers of the...

We need hardly say that the condition of wearing out

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the sub- marines remains, as always, the severest economy and self-restraint at home. We were particularly glad to read Mr. Lloyd George's words about " steadiness." That is...

The young ex-Emperor of Chinn, Hsuan Tung, who was deposed

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by the Republicans in 1912, has been restored by a military coup d'etat. The success of the movement was assured in advance by the weakness of the President, and the determined...

Mr. Lloyd George delivered a rousing speech, shot through and

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through with touches of his characteristic lyrical feeling, at Glasgow on Friday week. He little thought when he spoke that splendid news of a Russian offensive would be so soon...

Lord Hardinge defended himself in the House of lords on

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Tuesday against the strong criticisms of the Mesopotamian Report. He said that the Commission did not give nearly enough prominence to the unexampled effort of India at the...

It may be said that the Kaiser, if he allowed

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his prerogatives to be abrogated temporarily, would do it only to trick us ; that he would put up a dummy popular Assembly as a stalking-horse, and would reappear later from...

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In the Commons on Tuesday, when the Finance Bill was

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in Committee, protests were made by several members against the clause differentiating against shipowners in the Excess Profits Duty. In reply Mr. Boner Law recounted his own...

President Wilson has defined his attitude on Prohibition in a

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letter to one of its advocates. Holding the immediate passage of the Food Bill to be of vital consequence, and apprehending a heated and protracted debate if the provisions...

As we go to press we learn that in the

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House of Commons on Thursday Mr. Boner Law announced an increase of a third in the output of beer for the present quarter. A considerable proportion of this beer will be of...

Another point which must be mentioned in connexion with the

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drink question is the letter from Lord Stamfordham to Mr. Will Thorne which appeared in the papers of Thursday. Lord Stamford- ham says that the shortage of beer during the...

In the House of Commons on Wednesday Proportional Repre- sentation,

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as provided for in the Reform Bill, was rejected by 201 votes to 189. We greatly regret this result. The weight of argument, in our opinion, was in favour of the moderate...

The Report of the Sub-Committee of the Reconstruction Com- mittee

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on the relations between employers and employed was published last week. Tho Report is based on the conviction that the reconstruction of industry involves the largest possible...

Dr. Addison gave a remarkable account on Thursday week of

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the work of the Ministry of Munitions. Viewed merely from the statistical point of view, his review of our productive achievements was most impressive. Thus the capacity for the...

Summing up, Dr. Addison dealt with the lessons of the

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war and the opportunities which the work of the Ministry had opened up. Experience pointed to • the closer co-operation of Capital and Labour on the basis that both parties...

Wa cannot join in this approval. If the tobacco manu-

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facturers are to blame, as it is openly asserted by newspapers applauding the decision of the Government, the public have the remedy in their hands. If not, as the Chancellor of...

We have received too late for insertion in our correspondence

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columns this week a letter from Commander Josiah Wedgwood, M.P., who, though opposed to the special penalization of the chipping interest, tenders his sincere thanks to Mr....

In the Committee stage of the Finance Bill on Monday

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Mr. Boner Law announced concessions on the Entertainments and Tobacco Duties. The 4d. ticket is only to be taxed ld. instead of 2d. and the 2d. tax is to begin with 5d. tickets....

Bank rate, 5 per cent., change-I from 51 per cent.

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April 5th.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE RESCUE OF THE GERMAN PEOPLE. " We should enter into negotiations with a free Government in Germany with a different attitude of mind, a different temper, a different...

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THE RUSSIAN AWAKENING.

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AirKERENSKY, the Russian Minister of War, has kept 1/11. his word. He promised his Western Allies an early military Offensive and on Monday he was able to telegraph to his Prime...

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MESOPOTAMIA AND INDIA.

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L ORD HARDINGE'S personal statement in the House of Lords on Tuesday did not, indeed, dispose of the Mesopotamian Report, for it produced scarcely more than a few contrary...

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CANADA AT VIMY.

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T ' jubilee of the Dominion of Canada, which came into being on July 1st, 1867, has fallen due at an auspicious moment. We do not need to consult Canada's statistics of...

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THE DAUGHTER QUESTION.

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T HE upbringing of daughters is a very vexed question just now. What am we to bring them up to ? Matrimony, or professions, or emigration ? Mrs. C. D. Whetham, who has just...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] THE MESOPOTAMIAN REPORT....

SOUTHERNERS AND THE WAR.

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[To Tee EDITOR OF vss " BPSCTATOR."1 SIR,—If the people of Briteiu think that in the West or South, or anywhere else in America, there is apathy toward the war, they are...

A BUSINESS SOLDIER. [COMMUNICATED.]

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R IFE and I were beginning to know one another better since he blurted out his ideas regarding the training of our manu- facturers, and I was always trying to draw him further...

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POST-WAR RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CLASSES.

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To THE EDITOR or THE SPECTATOR:1 Ste,—My esteemed neighbour, Colonel Chrystie, is to be congratu- lated personally on his cheery optimism as to post-war relations between the...

AN ESSENTIAL TOWARDS NATIONAL HARMONY. (To ran EDITOR or THE

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"SPECTATOR. " ] Sus,—Day I trespass once more on your hospitality briefly to reply to Colonel Chrystie's letter in your last issue? If he will care to read my pamphlet, Colonel...

THE QUESTION OF NO INDEMNITY.

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(To THE EDITOR or THE SPECTATOH"1 6a,—The Germans themselves have laid down an excellent rule an the question " Indemnity or No Indemnity." In one of the articles of the Peace...

THE SPIRIT OF THE UNITED STATES. (To ran Ennuis or

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ran "Ser.crima."1 P ia,—The enclosed extract from a letter written by a keen Scots- man who has lived in New York for twenty-five years may interest New York, June 8th, 1917. "...

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BURKE ON BUSINESS MEN AND GOVERNMENT, [To ens EDITOR or

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me "Sescriroa."3 Sui,—With reference to your remarks concerning business men's capacity for the work of government, I thought you might be interested in the enclosed lines of...

THE EMPIRE RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE. [To THE EDITOR or nu

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"13PLCIUMS."] Sta,—The letter of Mr. A. R. Morkel in your issue of June 16th is obviously an attempt by a Rhodesian settler to make the Empire Resources Development Committee,...

WISDOM AND "BUSINESS."

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[To THE Earns or THE Sescriros."] . Sia,—In reference to your citation of the famous passage from " the Greek Hebrew Preacher " in your issue of June 23rd, a passage to which I...

" PROFITEERING."

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE SPECTATOR,"1 SIZ,—In the Spectator of lune 16th you stated that "persons who no often have the word ' profiteering ' on their lips or at the end of their...

THE SPIRIT OF OUR ARMY.

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[To one Eorroa or ten " firecoros.") Sna,—A passage in a letter recently received from my son, an officer now in France, gives evidence of the excellent spirit of our troops at...

Army now in France. I do not refer to the

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Women's Auxiliary Army alone, but to all women who are doing war service in France. Their name is legion—nurses, V.A.D.'s, telephone operators, clerks of every description,...

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CHILDREN'S COUNTRY HOLIDAYS FUND.

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[To THE BMWS or ran SPECTATOR:1 Bin.—An appeal has been mode to the Executive Committee of the Children's Country Holidays Fund to send away as many children as possible from...

POETRY.

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TIIE MAP. No, 'tis no use, I can not sleep, my feet are cold as lead, And Corporal Stubbs he breathes and snores enough to wake the dead. In truth it's difficult to doze—his...

" LIBERTY."

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[To ens Emma or me "Sereteroa."1 San,—In your review of this book you ask me a question which, in courtesy, I am bound to answer. You ask me why, if I was not thinking of the...

BOOKS.

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RUSSIA AS I KNOW IT.* MR. DE WINDT draws upon his memories of Russia as he saw it a few years ago to describe the daily life of the Russians of all classes. We heard it...

AN APPEAL TO THE NATIONALISTS.

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ITo sus Enrroa or ma "Srtcraroa.".1 Sre,—I cannot regret my addressing you on June 23rd on the position of the Irish Unionists outside Ulster, for my letter elicited, of your...

" FROM A V.A.D. HOSPITAL."

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Miss MAHT-ADA IR MACDONALD'S three poems ("In the Ward," "Epiphany Vision," and "In Last Year's Camp") have been reprinted from the pages of the Spectator in pamphlet form under...

NOTICE—When "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communi- cated," the Editor mturt not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode...

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A DEFENCE OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM.• THOSE who remember

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Mr. Pellatt's brilliant and suggestive little book on Public Schools and Public Opinion will know what to expect in his latest contribution to the educational controversy, and...

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AMERICA AND ARCHITECTURE.*

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ALL good architects, and such others as love right building ana common-sense, owe thanks to Mr. Matlock Price for his Practical Book of Architecture. For, though the Temple of...

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READABLE NOVELS.—.4 London Posy. By Sophie Cole. (Mills and Boon.

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60.)—A very charming account of Dr. Johnson's house in London is the thread on which the slight incidents of one of Mrs. Cole's usual idylls of London life are strung. The whole...

FICTION.

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MARMADUKE.* THERE are certain hooks which, but for the evidence of the title. page, afford little clue to the identity of the author, and Monomial e is one of them. This is not...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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Volk. in dais roiontn don not noccuarily preclude subssnont maw.) The JuLy Mocrerwass.—Tho Nineteenth Century opens with a very able and impressive article by Professor A. V....

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On Convocation. By W. Stubbs. (A. R. Mowbray. la. net.)—

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Archdeacon Hutton has published for the first time an authoritative statement on the joint action of the Convocations of Canterbury and York, which was prepared and privately...

A hitherto unpublished account by the late Lord Kitchener of

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a ride from Gaza to Jerusalem in 1875 is to be found in the now Quarterly Statement of the Palestine Exploration Fund (Is. not). Lord Kitchener's description of the Greek Holy...

Public Health Nursiny. By Mary Sewall Gardner. (Macmillan and Co.

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7s. tkl. not.)—Miss Gardner, whose name is followed on the title-page by the unexpected " R.N."—presumably for " Registered Nurse "—has written an interesting and useful book on...

Cornwall Forty Years After. By J. Stephen Flynn. (Truslove and

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Hanson. 2e. Od. net.)—Cornishmen and those who know Cornwall, and indeed Churchmen generally, Will be interested in these pleasant and humorous reminiscences, in which the...

Physical Education in Relation to School Life. By R. E.

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Roper. (Allen and Unwin. 2s. Od. net.)—This is a stimulating little book on a subject whose immense importance is very far from being realized by education authorities. Games...

Luther. By Hartmann Grisar. Translated by E. M. Lomond. Vol.

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VI. (Kagan Paul. 12s. not.)—This is the sixth, and last, volume of Dr. Orisar's exhaustive study of Luther. As a Jesuit, the author has no sympathy for Luther, but he has spared...

The Future of Constantinople. By Leonard S. IVoolf. (Allen and

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Unwiri. Is. ed. net.)—This is a well-reasoned plea for the establishment of an International Commission, composed, say, of Americans, Danes, and Swiss, to control Conatantinople...

The City Churches. By Margaret E. Tabor. (Headley Brothers, 2s.

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tid. net,)—This well-written little book is exactly what many Londoners have wanted, and it will be useful also, as the author hopes, to the newcomers from overseas who delight...

Tho Director of the Royal Botanic Gardena, Kew, undeterred by

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the war, published as usual his Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information for 1916 (4s. 6d.). On one page we are told of a teak-tree in Trinidad, which, when cut at the age of two...

A cheap reprint which will be read with interest in

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these days of dissolution and reconstruction M Mr.-John Buchan's A Lodys in its Wilderness (T. Nelson and Sons, ls. 3d. net), in which a party of clever tourists in East Africa...