7 JANUARY 1905

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" 280

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Aliens Bin, th e 582 Alliance, the Japanese _ 276 Andersen, Hans Christian ... 469 Animal Masons 211 — "Passive Resisters " 435 Animals' Meal-Times ... 939 Apprenticeship and...

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Friday's newspapers contained an official report from General Nogi giving

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further details of the surrender. The figures of the surrendering garrison are much larger than was generally assumed, making a rough total of forty-eight thousand, including...

The suffering within Port Arthur must have been horrible, the

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storm of fire from the Japanese great guns never cawing, while the men were gradually reduced to quarter-rations, and messes of rice, which, as we have found in all Indian...

It has been impossible to conceal this tremendous event from

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the Russian people, but its effect on them will not be known for some days. They are for the moment stunned, for they bad always been told that Port Arthur would be relieved....

The terms were contained in an Agreement of eleven clauses,

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by which the port, with all its fortifications and ships, was surrendered, the entire garrison declared prisoners, and the immediate evacuation of all forts not previously...

p ORT Arthur, after a siege protracted by the desperate valour

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of its defenders for eight months, fell on the first day of the New Year. The Japanese in a furious assault on December 31st had captured the remaining forts on the eastern...

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The Constitutional troubles of the Emperor Francis Joseph never end,

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though it must in fairness be added that they never come to a final crisis. In Hungary Parliament has been paralysed by obstruction, and the Premier, Count Tisza, who fights...

The correspondents from Morocco all state that the dangerous strain

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there, which might have produced a, massacre of Europeans, has been eased off. The Sultan has virtually apologised for the dismissal of his European ad- visers, explaining that...

A special Army Order issued on Thursday night gives effect

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to the reorganisation of military commands recom- mended in the final Report of the Esher Committee last March. London is made an independent district, and the rest of the...

The Standard publishes, as "from an authoritative quarter," a sketch

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of the terms of peace which Japan, in the event of victory, would demand from Russia. Whether they are semi- official or not—and officials are seldom willing to prophesy— they...

It is, we think, quite possible that the peace of

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the Balkans, never quite stable, may once more be threatened by disturb- ances, or even revolution, in Servia. The King is said to be so harassed by the bitterness of the...

present conditions of war Great Britain must have a large

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reserve of officers, that they must be scientifically trained, and can never be improvised. Moreover, the Army or its reserves must be larger, the privates must be better...

In regard to the internal condition of Russia, the most

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notable event of the week is the publication of Prince Trubetzkoi's striking letter to Prince Sviatopolk-Mirski. Prince Trubetzkoi begins by accepting full responsibility for...

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It was announced on Wednesday that the Treasury bad offered

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Mr. Adolf Beck 25,000 by way of compensation for his wrongful conviction and imprisonment. In August a sum of 22,000, subject to a complete discharge on his part from all claims...

On May 4th, 1904, Mr. Lyttelton issued a circular to

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all Colonial Governors desiring them to furnish him with copies of any resolutions passed since 1890 by Colonial Legislatures in favour of Preferential trade relations between...

Lord Selborne has given a denial to the report, mentioned

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in our last issue, that the Government had decided to abandon the new naval base at Rosyth, in the Firth of Forth. In a letter to Mr. Maconochie, M.P., Lord Selborne describes...

Lord Selborne, who addressed a large meeting at Wolver- hampton

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on Wednesday night, took for his text Mr. Chamber- lain's advice to the nation "to think Imperially." In this context, as the first Cabinet Minister speaking on a public...

The contest in the Stalybridge division, where polling takes place

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to-day, throws a curious light on the psychology of Tariff Reform. In West Monmouth the Unionist and Tariff Reform candidate was suspected of Home-rule pro- clivities, and,...

South Africa, by the Customs Union Convention of 1903, stands

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much on the same footing as Canada. The only article of importance produced to which preference would apply is wine, everything else exported from South Africa being already...

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HE day is drawing very near when the scheme of

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representative government which is to take the place of the present Crown Colony riSgime in the Transvaal will only question in dispute is one of detail. The reasons for...

THE FALL OF PORT ARTHUR.

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MHE Japanese have finally succeeded in the first, and perhaps greatest, of the many feats of arms in which they must succeed before they can completely triumph over their mighty...

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M R. SAMUEL DILL'S new and striking book," Roman Society from

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Nero to Marcus Aurelius" (Macmillan and Co., 15s. net), is full of illuminating references to the relation during that period between the rich and the free citizens of the...

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T HE announcement that King Edward has placed Thatched House Lodge,

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Richmond Park, at the disposal of Sir Edmund Monson on his retirement from the Diplomatic Service sets a pleasant seal on an interest- ing and very important chapter in the...

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somehow settle themselves satisfactorily, though in what way we cannot

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at the moment say. It is impossible to feel this about the unemployed. That experiments will be tried in several directions is likely enough, and in our present ignorance we...

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PSYCHOLOGY AND HISTORY. H ISTORY is a vague word, and psychology

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is a vaguer, and the conjunction of the two might well seem to be a masterpiece in abstractness, if round their conjunction there had not waged for a long time a very definite...

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be the future of a boy of respectable character and

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moderately fortunate surroundings when he left school, if he went to school at all. In nine cases out of ten he was appren- ticed ; bound formally for a term of years, during...

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O N the last day of the Old Year, in the

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sunshine after the storm, a redstart was hawking for flies within a dozen yards of the foot of the western cliff that borders Sidmouth Bay. Its bright red tail and active...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM IN THE TRANSVAAL AND ORANGE RIVER COLONIES. pro TIM EDITOR OP P115 .. sraersrea."1 Sr,—In view of the approaching meeting of Parliament, it may be perhaps...

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR:]

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Sin,—In your review on December 24tb, 1904, of a work entitled "The Hungry Forties" you express a hope that extracts from it may be circulated, as bearing on the present...

[To THE EDITOR OP TRIP "SPECTATOP..1

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Sm,—The traditional reputation of the Spectator for accuracy of comment on Indian affairs must not be sacrificed, even in the sacred cause of Cobdenite "Free-trade." Please...

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SIR,—TO those who read the review in the Spectator of

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December 24th, 1904, of Dr. Rose's "Napoleonic Studies," the following extract from "Old Days in Diplomacy," bearing on the subject of the famous incident of the inter- view on...

[TO THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR:1

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SIE,—It is not often that the Spectator is caught tripping; but your issue of December 24th, which has just reached me, made me rub my eyes. You there say of Mr. Justice...

[TO THE EDITOR Or THY "SPECTATOR:1

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SIR,—I beg to acknowledge with many thanks the 10s. for the land at Ulleswater, and the interesting letter which accompanied it. It is a good example of the sort of letters...

go THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—With regard to "t'

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girt dog of Ennerdale," whose story is told with some detail in my "Highways and Byways in the Lake District," as your correspondent of December 17th re- marked, perhaps you...

[To TEE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

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Slit,—May I ask your permission to make a rejoinder on one topic touched on by your reviewer in his notice of my "Napoleonic Studies" in your issue of December 24th, 1904? In...

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You, the heroes that fell, Now when the guns are

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still Hark to the world's farewell ! Fair be your fame who fought A fight men knew to be vain! Right or wrong means nought Here where the brave lie slain. Just P—was the cause...

WE acknowledge the following sums sent to us as contributions

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to the above Fund, and have forwarded them to the County Gentleman :- 0 Trinity College, Oxford ... 0 A. Frewin ... 21 2 1 0 2 0 0 E. F. C. Rogers ... ... 10 6 6 William...

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ART.

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THE WINTER EXHIBITION AT THE ROYAL ACADEMY. THE Royal Academy have this year got together for their Winter Exhibition a large and splendid collection of works by the late...

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THE dominant note of Canon Ainger's posthumous book is sadness.

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One would not expect to find humour in sermons ; but Canon Ainger taught us during his life to look for humour—for that delicate humour which throws a light upon all human...

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THE fortune of Virgil's Georgics has been somewhat singular. It

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was on them that the poet's fame during his lifetime chiefly rested, and when dying he desired to burn the Aeneid, while in his will he directed that it should not be published....

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IT is convenient to speak of 1904 as the Jubilee

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year of the Working Men's College, but as a matter of fact its beginning dates a little further back. As early as 1848 a night school was started in Little Ormond Yard, opposite...

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whose History of Siena was reviewed in the Spectator not

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very long ago, are the most trustworthy living authorities on the interior and social history of the smaller Tuscan cities, especially of Siena, which has laid hold on their...

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PaiNcia KROPOTKIN in his paper on the Constitutional agitation in

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Russia in the Nineteenth Century gives a very full and striking account of the development of the Zeinstvo movement, and of the widespread nature of the revolt against the old...

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Nellie Maturin's Victory. By Adeline Sergeant. (Hodder and Stoughton. 6s.)—When

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the "pen of the writer" has been laid aside for ever, it becomes the reviewer to remember only pleasant hours which have been, spent in the company of the author who has passed...

That Little Marquis of Brandenburg. By W. R. H. Trowbridge.

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(Hurst and Blackett. 6s.)—When it is said that this book gives a detailed account of the cruel upbringing of Frederick the Great, it is obvious that the story cannot be very...

Mn. HOWELLS has recently published in Harper's some exceedingly genial

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impressions of England derived from a recent visit to our shores. But though he has learned to appreciate, and even love, England more than on the occasion of any previous...

The Isles of Sunset. By Arthur C. Benson. (Isbister and

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Co. Os.) —Mr. Benson has given us a book of parables, and of parables written in very charming and polished prose. But a plaintive note is sounded in every one of the stories,...

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The Words of St. Francis. Selected and Translated by Anne

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Macdonell. (J. M. Dent and Co. is. net.)—Frionds of St. Francis have left records of what in other men might be called "Table-Talk." Others of his sayings have come down to us...

Sons o' 'Men. By G. B. Lancaster. (A. Melrose. 6s.)—Mr.

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G. B. Lancaster, whose name we confess is quite unknown to us, gives us in Sons o' Men an interesting collection of short stories about the distant parts of the Empire. New...

New Forces in Old China. By Arthur J. Brown. (Fleming

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H. Revell Company. 6s. net.)—Mr. Brown begins his book by putting in a striking way some more or less familiar facts about the magnitude of China. He sets forth, for instance, a...

THE EXPOSITOR.

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The Esposito?. Sixth Series. Vol. X. Edited by the Rev. W. Robertson Nicoll. (Hodder and Stoughton. Is. 6d.)—We hope to have an opportunity of noticing elsewhere the series of...

A Plea for the Historical Teaching of History. By C.

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H. Firth, M.A. (The Clarendon Press. is. net.)—Professor Firth's Intro- ductory Lecture, here published, was a very plain-spoken expres- sion of opinion, and, as it is always...

comes only just within the limits of the parcel post

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! It reminds one of the drawing-room-table books of half-a-century ago. As an ornament it is highly commendable both within and without. It is not, indeed, an artistic volume;...