4 JULY 1931

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INDEX FROM JULY 4th TO DECEMBER 26th, 1931, INCLUSIVE.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY A MERICA, the Situation in .. 409 America, has she Touched Bottom ? 842 Angell, Sir N., on Tariffs and the Money Danger .. 632 Anglia : an International...

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London : Printed by NV, Sreatorrr AND SONS, LTD., 93

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and 99 Fetter Lane, E.C. 4. and Published by Tax SrecraToa, LTD., at their Offices, No. 99 Gower Street, London, W.C. I.-Saturday, January 30, 1932.

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News of the Week

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War Debts French have an incorrigible love of "running things fine." When the Duke of Wellington, entering Brussels, said, "A d—d nice run thing," he was iiot amused. But...

In the meantime Italy has wisely seen her way to

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withdraw her threatened reservation about the Austro- German Zollverein, and to make her sacrifice with a noble air. In this country not a complaint has been heard of our...

Germany, say the French, must not be allowed to forget

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her due payments, but, if she pays them into the Bank for International Settlements, France will not insist upon any money being paid out to her. If the marks stay there, no...

[Signed articles do not necessarily represent the views of the

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SPECTATOR.]

EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING OFFICES 99 Gower Street, London, W .C.

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1.—A Subscription to the SPECTATOR costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the world. The SPECTATOR is registered as a Newspaper. The Postage on...

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Montreuil The sun shone last Sunday on a gracious ceremony

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in the Grande Place of Montreuil. • For three years Lord Haig had his headquarters there, and was the respected neighbour of the good folk who, with support from other...

* a * * The Seventeenth Zionist Congress In opening

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this Congress on Tuesday at Bile, Mr, Nahum Sokolow, who has succeeded Dr. Weizmann as Chairman, set out the ideals which he recommends for the movement in the future. We are...

a Parliament On Thursday, June 25th, the Upper House had

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a short discussion on Persia, where import restrictions and exchange regulations are damaging our trade. Persia has pleaded an acute economic crisis, and the Government here...

* The Liberal Party The manner in which the Chancellor

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of the Exchequer accepted the support of Mr. Lloyd George over the amended clauses of the Finance Bill dealing with the taxation of land values, gave impetus last week to the...

On Tuesday the Lords supported the Trustees of the British

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Museum, and others who bear similar responsi- bilities, by disagreeing with the Commons' amendment to the Bill that would allow national possessions to 'leave the country on...

* Spain We cannot yet judge the future results of

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the Spanish elections. But the returns have shown that the Socialists and Republicans must predominate together, without predominating one over the other, in the Cortes. The two...

The Minister of Labour moved the second reading of the

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Bill based on the money resolution already passed raising the power of the Unemployed Fund to borrow up to £115 millions. She pleaded poverty and necessity. The Opposition made...

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Hours, Wages, and the Dole The Government is trying to

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help solve the dispute con- cerning hours and wages in the coal mines. The owners still refuse to set up any national body with the power to discuss wages, and although some of...

• * * * Flying Round the World The Royal

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Air Force display at Hendon last Saturday astonished a vast multitude by the skill and daring of the airmen flying new types of machines. The programme was executed without a...

Bank Bate 21 per cent., changed from 3 per cent.

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on May 14th, 1931. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 103; en Wednesday week, 108*; a year ago, 103f; Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 971; on Wednesday week,...

Mr. John Bailey In Mr. John Cann Bailey, who died

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on Monday at the age of sixty-seven, we have lost a literary critic of rare distinction. A Norwich man, he was educated at Haileybury and New College, Oxford, and was called to...

The Highest Climb Members of Mr. F. S. Smythe's British

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Himalayan expedition reached the summit of Mount Kamet, in Garwhal, on June 21. The mountain is 25,447 feet high, and in conquering it the British climbers reached the highest...

Butter and Wool The dispute between Canada and New Zealand

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on the subject of butter forms an unhappy contrast to the Empire Wool Conference in Melbourne. The latter is attempting to improve marketing arrangements and come to better...

Sir Hugh Bell We regret to record the death on

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Monday of that remarkable Victorian figure, Sir Hugh Bell. He was eighty-seven, but no one who marked his alert figure and his resonant voice, even in the last few weeks, would...

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India and the British Commonwealth

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The Real Safeguard AS the time for the next Round Table Conference on India in London approaches, signs are not wanting that there are many who think they have a key to the...

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Disarmament

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F XACTLY twelve years ago this week the accredited representatives of the Powers set their hands to the Treaty of Versailles and the Covenant of the League of Nations. So far...

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Employ the Unemployed

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W E have now about two and a half million unem- ployed, and although a revival of trade will probably reduce this number slightly, nobody thinks it likely that the majority of...

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The Colour Bar

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[The Spectator does not necessarily agree with all the views of the writers contributing to this series on the Colour Bar. Our object in publishing the series is to attempt some...

The Week in Parliament

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W HY do Disarmament debates in the House mean usually a poorish attendance and often perfunctory tttention to the speeches ? Compare Monday's debate with Tuesday's. The former...

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An Italian Experiment

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BY THE REV. H. W. Fox, D.S.O. F NOUGH, and perhaps too much, has been said and written of the Italian political system and its effects. Regardless of the special conditions of...

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Holyrood

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BY DR. MARGUERITE WOOD, Keeper of the Burgh Records, Edinburgh. T HE palace of Holyroodhouse, once the Abbey of the Holy Rood, is, almost as greatly as the Castle of Edinburgh,...

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Spinsters in Council

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By RUTH DUFFIN. A NN, looking pale, is on a sofa with a shawl over her feet. [Enter Jane.] JANE : Well, my dear, how are you ? ANN : Exactly as you would expect to find me...

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A Penny of Observation

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ARMADO : HOW hast thou purchased this experience ? Mom: By my penny of observation. PHANTASMAGORIA It was our delightful privilege to attend a Men's Dress Reform Revel which...

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Art

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• [BYZANTINE ART IN PARIS.) THAT over a thousand years of the art of Byzantium should be represented by so small an exhibition as that now being held in Paris of Byzantine Art...

CRUELTY BEGINS AT HOME Dryden has somewhere a phrase, "the

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fury of their kind- ness," which exactly hits off the temper of last week's annual meeting of the R.S.P.C.A. For two hours there was almost continuous uproar. The platform was...

THE HINDERMOST.

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The Public Health Committee of the Middlesex County Council have been complaining of a "serious disturbance of work" caused at the Redhill Hospital by the R.A.F. prepara- tions...

DIRECT subscribers who are changing their addresses are asked to

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notify the SPECTATOR Office BEFORE MIDDAY on MONDAY OF EACH WEEK. The previous address to which the paper has been sent and receipt reference number should be quoted. •

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The Theatre

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[" LATE NIGHT FINAL." By LOUIS WEITZENKORN. AT THE PHOENIX THEATRE.] Do not go to the Phoenix Theatre for a quiet evening. Go for excitement. You will not be disappointed....

Correspondence

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A BETTER ATMOSPHERE IN INDIA. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—It is always difficult in India to see the wood for the trees, but one has only to compare conditions...

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THE SPANISH GENERAL ELECTIONS [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sza,—After twelve weeks of comparative inaction the provi- sional Republican Government of Spain has held its elections, the first to be held for eight years. On April 17th...

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Apropos, the best little book on annuals that exists has

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just been issued. It is a repetition with important additions of a lecture on annuals delivered to the Royal Horticultural Society' by Mr. Leonard Sutton. A copy kindly sent to...

Country Life

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THE RIBBON DANGER. The Council for the Preservation of Rural England, and the Amenity Group in the House, both or which are non- political and have been co.operating most...

&roar AND Snows.

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A progressive change in the English country show is brought out by the present unhappy outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease. These institutions were first called cattle shows,...

The tax will therefore directly , encourage ribbon develop- ment. Indeed,

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I am credibly assured that even its remote threat is already having this effect on landowners who were willing to lose profit for the sake of amenity. It is na wonder that the...

Tim LABURNUM.

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A gardener, whose most lovely garden proclaims his peculiar knowledge of shrubs, is good enough to give me a complete explanation of the mystery of the laburnum, referred to...

Further, the displays of machinery grow more and more various.

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Among animals the hunter and hackney take a bigger place and now constitute one of the chief attractions of the show for the general public. This does not mean that the stock...

A GARDEN EXPERIMENT.

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At the suggestion of a famous gardener, I have tried this year the experiment of a bed of mixed annuals, with results that are at least interesting. The best seedsmen now breed...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The fact that the

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dole, as at present administered, is a barrier to industry, and a prolific contributor to the very evils it was intended to alleviate, having become increasingly apparent, it is...

THE HOOVER PLAN

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] , SIR,—The announcement of a " holiday " of one year in international debt payments is generally taken to signify that the attitude of drift...

Letters to the Editor

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fin view of the length of ninny of the letters which we receive, we would remind correspondents that we often cannot give space for long letters and that short ones are...

THE INIQUITOUS DOLE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Wanting a handyman about my place, and wife to cook, I advertised for such and got a good many applications. Having selected the pair I...

THE COLOUR BAR

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—As the Archdeacon of Lahore's letter in the Spectator of June 20th is founded upon a misapprehension of mine of April 25th, I feel...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—During a stay in

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South Africa about a year ago I read the daily papers fairly diligently ; and, as a result, I came to the conclusion that one of the most disquieting effects of "colour bar"...

THE VOICE OF PREJUDICE

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[To the Editor of the SPEcrAroa.] Sin,—Professor Elliot Smith's denunciation of Sir Arthur Keith's Rectorial Address does not seem a very scientific document itself. If I have...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—An incident of the above debatable subject which came under my personal observation many years ago may even now be of interest to many of your readers. The incident to...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Surely Sir Arthur Keith

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is right. All history testifies to the undoubted fact that war as a pruning hook lops all the wild or luxuriant 'growth of wanton nations and spares the more vigorous. As Dr....

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OIL FROM COAL

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[To the Editor of the SrEcraToa..] SIR,—Apparently Mr. John Strachey considered himself justified in advocating, in your columns, the expenditure of x millions of public money...

[To the Editor of the SrEcmioa.] .

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SIR,—In your issue of June 13th there appeared a critical letter from Mr. William A. Bone on the subject of low-temper- ature carbonization. While admitting that...

HAVE WE MADE REAL PROGRESS? .

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The interesting review in your issue of June 20th on two recently published books offering a comparison between the position of children...

THE FOUNDLING SITE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Is it impossible to secure for all time the whole of the Foundling site as a playground for thousands of London 'children ? When I...

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• [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIII,—May I suggest that the article on Burma in your issue of June 20th has a generous share of the ignorance of that country with which it charges the rest of Great Britain...

PHARMACY AND POISONS BILL [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—With reference to the letter in your issue of June 27th, signed "Olga Nethersole " and headed "Pharmacy and Poisons Bill," Miss Nethersole is apparently quite ignorant of...

MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS , [T& the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Sin,-May I be allowed, with much respect, to point out a slip in historical accuracy which I read in last week's Spectator, in Mr. John Buchan's review of Mr....

BURMA rTo the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sra,—I read with attention your leader in the Spectator of June 20th and heartily agree that the plain way to settle the Burma question in a manner satisfactory to all is to...

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Poetry

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To a Returned Traveller WISE with your wanderings, you thought to find Us somehow altered too ; but in amaze Found us contented with the very ways, The thoughts, the projects...

' THE Derr or WELLINGTON.

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His Grace's health, it is said, has of late been by no means satis- factory to his medical attendants, who have pressed upon his Grace the propriety of a more generous diet than...

May one refer to the article "The Modern Home, The

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Art of the Table" in your journal of June 20th, written under the name of G. M. Boumphrey ? Your correspondent is concerned and a little alarmed as to how such an exhibition as...

THE IDEA OF GOD.

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I notice that a curious error has crept into my article on the Idea of God. I am made to attribute to Mr. Wood the propen- sity to suspect those who lay stress on religious...

HOLIDAYS FOR POOR CLERGY.

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May we again ask for the support of your readers on behalf of the London Poor Clergy Holiday Fund, which not only assists clergy in the London diocese, but also makes block...

WAYS AND MEANS.

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The surplus in the Exchequer on the 5th of January 1831 was 93,5611. 178. Ofd.

A Hundred Years Ago

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THE " SPECTATOR," JULY 2ND, 1831. OLD BAILEY. These Sessions commenced on Thursday with' a calendar of 342 prisoners. Buglary 2, forgery 2, housebreaking 12, highway robbery...

CHURCH AND MENTAL HEALTH.

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At the annual meeting of the National Society for Lunacy Law Reform (held in London on June 18th) Dr. Risien Russell said as the Law stood there was no possible means of...

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"Spectator" Competitions

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RULES AND CONDITIONS Entries must be typed or very clearly written on one side of the paper only. The name and address, Of pseudonym, of the competitor must be on each entry and...

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The Confessions of a Christian

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THE Cambridge Press has apparently a design in publishing such a book as this by Mr. Webling, for it has been preceded by others similar in kind ; notably that little classic,...

The Indian Mutiny

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The Indian Mutiny in Perspective. By Lt. - Gen. Sir Georgo MacMunn. (Bell. 15s.) Tun Mutiny lies across our Indian story. Sir George MacMunn tells us : "My nurse in my early...

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Fossil Men

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New Discoveries relating to the Antiquity of Man. By Sir Arthur Keith (Williams and Norgate 21s.) LAYMEN are seldom disturbed either by scientific theories or by scientific...

THE INDEX TO VOLUME 146 OF THE " SPECTATOR "

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WILL BE READY ON JULY 18rtt One Shilling (or 25 cents) for each copy should be enclosed with instructions, and addressed to :— INDEX DEPT., THE "SPECTATOR," LTD., 99 GOWER...

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The ioo Per Cent. American General

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GENERAL PERSHING in this long book of 700 pages has written, he tells us in his Foreword, for his own people, of his own Army : he felt it his duty to record the many lessons...

Prince von Billow

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Memoirs, 1897 - 1903. By Prince von Biilow. Translated by F. A. Voigt. (Putnam. 259.) Prince Billow and the Kaiser. By Spectator. Translated by Oakley Williams. (Thornton...

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Beachcomber

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WiLussi (" GAFFER ") WORDSWORTH wrote : " No nightingale did ever chant More welcome notes to weary bands Of travellers in some shady haunt Among Arabian sands." , " Welcome "...

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Sailors' Lives

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N. by E. By Rockwell Kent. (Cassell. 166.) THERE is about Sir Thomas Pasley something of the same quality as may be found in Parson Woodforde. There is the same urbane...

Fiction

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New Novels A NOVEL which makes you muse over it, and which seems to let down roots into life, so that musing over the book and considering life seem much the same thing, is a...

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WET AFTERNOON. By Geoffrey Moss. (Hutchinson. 7s. 6d.)—A job-lot of

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stories, some long, some feuilletons, none very brilliant and most of them a curious mixture of idealism and sophistication. -

Current Literature

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PETER BUSSELL, master-mariner, was kept a prisoner of war in France at Arras, Amiens, Besancon and the Loire country for the eight years 1806-14, and his Diary (Peter Davies,...

THE DEVIL MAN. By Edgar Wallace. (Collins. 7s. 6d.)— Mr.

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Wallace's fidelity to the story of Charles Peace gives to his characters an unusually human quality of inconsis- tency, without detracting from the charm and subtlety of his...

MURDER PARTY. By Henry Bordeaux. (Gollance. 7s. 6d.) —Here a

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good " long " short story is spoiled by being dragged to novel length. The author shows how a game of" Murders" can give a real murderer opportunity - for crime.

Readers of the first volume, by the late Dr. Robert

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Ren- wick, of the History of Glasgow, which appeared ten years ago, may well have despaired of seeing a fresh instalment of the work which is, very properly, a Glasgow municipal...

THE SWAN ISLAND MURDERg. By Victoria Lincoln. (Cassell. 7s. 6d.)—Two

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strangled Portuguese, a gibbering lunatic, a murdered playwright and a corpse in a wood-box provide thrills for the characters in the book and for those readers who can stand...

Every man and woman in England, and in fact in

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the world, should read Mr. Henry Ford's new book, which he has written in collaboration with Mr. Sginuel Crowthr. In these days of depression, which is now being felt by all...

THE LADY AND THE MUTE. By John Lindsey. (Chap- .

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man and Hall. 7s. &I)—A queer, beautifully-written book about village life. It contains ghastly descriptions of tortured animals and people and is dedicated to the thoughtless...

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Travel

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[We publish on this page articles and notes which may help our readers in making their plans for travel at home and abroad. They are written by correspondents who have visited...

Are there - any great English writers of whom it could be

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said that they are " always at their best " ? Is it true even of Jaiie Austen ? Many true admirers will say yes. But have they read her one short story, Lady Susan (Philip...

Whether one likes landscape gardening or detests it is a

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matter of taste. But there can be no dispute about the genius of that great landscape gardener, Andre Le Mitre, who spent a lifetime in the service of Louis XIV and whose...

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The Modern Home

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[We shall be pleased to reply to any enquiries arising from the articles we publish on the Modern Home page. Enquiries should be addressed to the Editor,. The" Spectator," 99,...

20,000 miles, £667. PI 8.0d.

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It is interesting to note that the total first cost and the charge per mile over 10,000 miles is exactly similar to that for a sporting car. If, on the other hand, running costs...

SPORTING CAR.

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First cost £1,175 over 10,000 miles. STANDING CHARGES. • RUNNING CHARGES. Depreciation at 25% .. £294 Petrol and oil .. £42 Interest on capital at 5% 59 Tyres...

TWO-SEATER LIGHT AEROPLANE. First coat £550 over 10,000 miles.

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Seven h.p. Car : First cost £125 over 5,000 miles. STANDING CHARGES. Aero- plane. Car. Rrannaro CHARGES. Aero- plane. Car. Depreciation at Petrol and oil .. £35 £13...

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CONDITIONS AT HOME.

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With regard to financial and political conditions at home, it would be rather difficult to say whether there is more or less anxiety concerning the position than there was at...

A TRYING HALF-YEAR.

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The past half-year has been a trying one for the investor ; and although the Hoover development has produced so remarkable a recovery in prices as to cause the six months to end...

Finance Public & Private

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The Financial Outlook LAST week I referred to the important new factor which had been imported into the financial situation in the shape of President Hoover's proposal for a...

PRESENT CONDITIONS.

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It must not be thought that President Hoover's Plan leaves the situation in Germany other than serious, but the release for one year of foreign claims amounting to over...

INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION.

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Moreover, President Hoover's plan must not be regarded as the sole explanation of the rise in prices. It has manifestly been followed by further action on the part of the...

THE DOMINATING FACTORS.

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I suggest that in any consideration of the possibilities for the current half-year too much stress Should not be laid upon the mere rally which has taken place in prices during...

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INTERNATIONAL TEA.

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Shareholders of the International Tea Company's Stores would seem to have every reason for satisfaction with regard to the past year's results, which certainly give no...

Financial Notes

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MARKET FACTORS. AFTER showing further strength on Monday markets were inclined to react a little on the fears of a breakdown of the Hoover proposal, through the French...

DRUG PROFITS.

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The fine business built up by the late "Jesse Boot" pro- mises always to remain as a great tribute to the industry and organizing ability of the first Lord Trent, to whose...

It is hardly surprising, perhaps, that Indian Government Stocks, after

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a sharp spurt on the sudden announcement by Mr. MacDonald, in the House of Commons last week, with regard to the policy of the Government, should have since reacted. For it was...