31 OCTOBER 1903

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The Foreign Office has selected Sir. Mortimer Durand, now Ambassador

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at,Xadrid, as the new Ambassador at Washini- ton. ' The appointment• is an unusual 'one,' Sir Mortimer's experience having been principally in the East, and he himself having...

The text of the new plan for the pacification of

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Macedonia 'has been-published after being subniitted to 'the Sultan. It -contains nine ' points,' the principal of . which are the first, second, -and third.' Under the first...

Feeling in Paris against the misrule of Turkel , in Macedonia

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appears. to, be even stronger than in London. An immense meeting w as held last Sunday in the Theatre de Sarah Bern- hardt, which was attended by prominent, men from' France,...

The selection of Monsignor Merry ,del Val as Secretary of

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State at the Vatican has created unusual interest, 'and even excitement. It is supposed that he will completely guide Pius X., who is no diplomatist, and the older 'members of...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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THERE is practically no news this week from the Far East. , The cue given .to its agents by th6Governnient of Tokio lis to say.that negotiations are 'going on, and there is no...

The Premiership in Hungary has now been offered to Count

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Tisza, who will accept it 'if the Liberals:, as distin- guished from the Kossuthites, will accept the concessions to which the King has agreed. ' These include some important...

. 4 '0 The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

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Mr. Chamberlain made his campaign speeches this week at Liverpool.

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The first was delivered to a large and enthusiastic popular audience on Tuesday in the Hippodrome. We have dealt elsewhere with the fantastic and impossible personal pledge...

On Wednesday Mr. Chamberlain, speaking at the Town Hall luirtheon,

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appealed to the Duke of Devonshire to . induce the Free-looders to change their name, and de- nounced as a preposterous doctrine the view—which he attributed to them—that a tax...

On Saturday last Mr. Asquith, speaking at Newcastle-on- Tyne, continued

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his most luminous and valuable exposition of the fallacies of Mr. Chamberlain's scheme. The chief points in a remarkable speech were his exposure of the curious system of...

Two by-elections have been decided since our last issue, one

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of which throws some light upon the popular appreciation of Protection, while the other does not. The first was the return for Warwick and Leamington of the Right Hon. A....

Mr. Chamberlain's facts and figures were, as usual in his

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recent speeches, of a very disputable order, and in dealing with the question of "dumping" he showed himself entirely unable to grasp the case of his opponents. After a few...

The attitude of the Canadian Opposition in regard to the

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Alaskan boundary decision has made it necessary for the Ministry to say something on that question. Sir Wilfrid Laurier, if we can judge from the cabled summary, seems to have...

Page 3

Peckham, of all places in the world, has been the

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scene of a political murder. The suburb is a favourite one with Armenians, who there formed some years ago a powerful associa- tion having for its object the liberation of their...

It is further proposed that a definite date should be

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fixed when all compensation should cease, that no limit be placed on the amount of reduction, that new licences be debarred from claim to compensation in case of subsequent...

Lord Goschen has been nominated to fill the post of

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Chancellor of the University of Oxford vacated by the death of Lord Salisbury, and will to-day be elected without opposi; tion. A post of more picturesque dignity, and fraught...

• An important document bearing on temperance reform was issued

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last week. This takes the form of a widely signed memorial outlining a policy on the lines of (1) a great reduction in the number of licensed premises; (2) wide ppwers of local...

On Thursday Mr. Ritchie, who delivered the Rectorial Address at

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Aberdeen, gave a most useful and impressive account of social progress in the nineteenth century, and dwelt upon the emergence of the individual. Very striking was the passage...

The inquest on Miss Hickman is still fixed for November

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5th, when all the facts known will be produced by witnesses, most of whom will for the first time speak on oath. Till then judgment ought to be suspended; but, according to the...

Bank Rate, 4 per cent.

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Consols "(21 per cent.) were on Friday 881.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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MR. CHAMBERLAIN'S PLEDGE. M R. CHAMBERLAIN'S henchmen have, we fear, )played upon him the trick which Canute's courtiers tried unsuccessfully on the Danish Monarch. Canute was...

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THE NEW PLAN FOR MACEDONIA.

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T HE Eastern Powers have evidently tried hard to dis- cover a compromise between the ideas of Turkey, or rather of its Sultan, and the ideas which, as they see, pre- vail in the...

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MR. BALFOUR AND PROTECTION.

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I S there reason to believe that Mr. Balfour and Mr. Chamberlain are in any true sense opposed to each other on the fiscal controversy, or that the present Government can be...

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THE SOCIAL MOVEMENT ON THE CONTINENT.

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T HE affairs of Spain do not greatly interest English- men unconnected with that country or with the wine trade, but all politicians will do well to read the speech of Setior...

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FISCAL POLICY AND CHURCH SCHOOLS.

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E LECTIONS only occasionally turn upon single issues. Even in the Election of 1885, says Mr. Morley in his Life of Mr. Gladstone, " there was nothing like general concentration...

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MR. LECKY.

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I N Mr. Lecky. Britain has lost a type of scholar who is becoming rarer as knowledge increases and books multiply. Nowadays a scholar tends to be a specialist and to strive for...

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"THE WEATHER."

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I N England whenever it happens that there is an unusually long succession of rainy days the weather is generally described as "awful." People feel an intense resentment at...

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A " OPEN-AIR TREATMENT " FOR ANIMALS. SEASON like the present

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always has a bad effect on the health of animals, whether wild or part of the live- stock of the farm. But this is due partly to constant ex- posure to wet and damp, which...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[se We have endeavoured as far as possible to open our columns to a free discussion of the fiscal problem. We think, however, that the time has now arrived when, in fairness to...

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ITO THE EDITOR OP TEE "Sescrrros."1 SIR,—The girls of my

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night-school have just written some rather valuable remarks which show how fiscal problems would affect Somerset labourers. " Father always eats one small loaf a day,"—at 21d.,...

[TO THE EDITOR OP THE SPECTATOR."]

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hope that Unionists, Free-trade or otherwise, before resting on Mr. Sydney Buxton's letter in the Spectator of October 24th will compare his views with those of other...

WHAT IS SPENT ON BREAD IN POOR FAMILIES. [To THE

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EDITOR OP THE . SPECTATOR."] SIR,—In discussing the effect of wheat at 608., as compared with 30s., on the price of bread, you state in the Spectator of October 24th: "If the...

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—I read with interest

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your article on " The Squires' Illusion" in the Spectator of October 24th, but consider that you have overestimated the amount spent by the labourer on bread. In the towns he...

THE DUTY OF FREE-TRADE UNIONISTS.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR." SI11,—There is one important point that has hitherto been overlooked in discussing the above question. There are many Free-trade Unionists...

THE MINISTRY AND MR. CHAMBERLAIN'S POLICY.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR, — YOUP article in the Spectator of October 24th on the duty of Free-trade Unionists would have been more pointed if you had quoted Lord...

LORD ROSEBERY'S ATTITUDE.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR. "] SIR, — The fiscal attitude which Lord Rosebery has taken up is historically so interesting, and your approval of it so sur- prising, that I...

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THE INVERSE OF "DUMPING."

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] Sin,—Allusion has been made in the present fiscal controversy to the employment of British capital in " foreign " countries. There is,...

THE ROOT OF THE MATTER.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIE,—This fiscal problem covers such a vast amount of ground that experts on both sides can dip in here and there and deluge us with columns...

THE FISCAL CONTROVERSY.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."' Snt,—If my friend Mr. Haldane contends (Spectator, Octo- ber 17th) that all-round Free-trade would not have prevented land from going out of...

ALTERNATIVES TO MR. CHAMBERLAIN'S POLICY.

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[To THE EDITOR OF TEE "SPECTATOR. "] SLR, —In the Spectator of October 24th Mr. Chamberlain is reported to have said that no alternative to Protection has been suggested by his...

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THE INCAPACITY OF THE POST OFFICE.

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rTo THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR. "' SIR,—I read with much interest your article in the Spectator of October 17th in regard to the cash on delivery of parcels. While I agree...

REFORM OF POSTAL RATES.

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[To THE EDITOR OP TEE " SPECTATOR."] have read with much interest and entire approval the excellent article in the Spectator of October 17th entitled " Cash on Delivery." May I...

THE RECENT GROWTH OF THE STEEL INDUSTRY IN GERMANY.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] S111,—As the Government, and for the most part the Press also, has abandoned inquiry into the fiscal question in favour of discussion, there...

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ASIATIC LABOUR IN THE TRANSVAAL

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[To THE EDrroa OF THE " SPECTAT011.1 'Bin,—Your readers must have read with much interest in the Spectator of October 24th that, while approving with reluctance of the...

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN ON THE EMPIRE.

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Cro THE EDITOR OF THE "SrEcTA?oa.1 SIE,—On Friday, October 23rd, Mr. Choate delivered at Birmingham an address on Benjamin Franklin that more than maintained the extraordinary...

THE GOVERNMENT AND THE ARMY.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF TUE 31 . 110TET04.1 Sin,—The Royal Commissioners' Report is in everybody's hands. Restrictive as were the terms of their reference, they have had the courage...

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SOCIAL EDUCATION.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF TIIM "SPEOTA.TOR.1 Snt, — For some years a group of persons who have in different. ways been dealing with questions affecting the condition of the people has...

MR. MORLEY'S LIFE OF GLADSTONE. *ITO THE EDITOR OE THE

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"SPIOTATOIL") Si8,—In your concluding notice of Mr. Morley's Life of Gladstone in the Spectator of October 24th you refer to Mr. Gladstone's fondness for poetry, and mention in...

THE ROYAL COMMISSION ON THE WAIL

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."J SIB,—In the Spectator of September 5th you state that you would very much like to know if young officers will read the Minutes of Evidence...

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BOOKS.

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LORD CROMER'S TRANSLATIONS.* WE are reminded by Lord Cromer's volume of the literary 'amusements of another great English statesman. The Marquis Wellesley found time amidst the...

POETRY.

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IN MACEDONIA. THE babe to its dead mother pressed, Still tugging at her empty breast; For ere that fluttering heart grew cold . She wrapped it in the mantle's fold. Lo, by the...

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OLD QUEBEC.•

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SIR GILBERT PARKER and Mr. Bryan have chosen an excellent subject. As they very truly say, "more vivid and enduring memories cling to the walls of Quebec than belong to any...

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WILLIAM WETMORE STORY.*

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THE names of William Story and Henry James form an agreeable literary conjunction, and the book before us is pleasant and distinguished, demanding a good deal of its readers, it...

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CANADA AND THE FISCAL QUESTION.*

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SIR WILFRID LAURIER, the great French-Canadian who has directed the policy of Canada for the last seven years, and has made himself a name as one of the foremost of Colonial...

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The Odd-Job Man. By Oliver Onions. (John Murray. 6s.)— It

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is to be presumed that there are many people who like to read of the sort of life depicted in The Odd-Job Man, in the beginning of which the last shifts of an impecunious and...

NOVELS.

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THE LONG NIGHT.* 'THE vogue of many popular novelists of the day is a thing which is hard to explain, still harder to justify. It .always affronts the fastidious, and not...

The Enthusiast. By Adeline Sergeant. (Methuen and Co. Cs.) —Miss

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Sergeant's hero cannot quite make up his mind whether to be loyal to his fiancée, who shows him pretty plainly that sha prefers being the Principal of a Ladies' College to being...

Barham. Brocklebank, M.D. By M. Betham-Edwards. (Hurst and Blackett. Os.)—This

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novel is a study of character, and cleverly achieved. Not only does Miss Betham-Edwards con- struct for us a country doctor, and make him a vivid and living figure, but she puts...

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The Captain's Toll - Gate. By Frank R. Stockton. (Cassell and Co.

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6s.)—" He had not the heart to make his stories end unhappily," says Mrs. Stockton of her husband. It is an admirable trait, and we wish—art or no art—that it were more common...

The Twins of Skirlaugh Hall. By Emma Brooke. (Hurst and

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Blackett. 6s.)—It is very seldom that the flesh of the hardened reviewer can be made to creep, but The Twins of Skirlaugh Hall is so eerie a story that, in one instance at any...

The Relentless City. By E. F. Benson. (W. Heinemann. 6s.)

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—Mr. Benson is extremely fond of holding up a :mirror to modern society, and bidding it look at its own frightfulness. In this novel ho has carried his reflector over the...

C URRENT LITERAT ETRE.

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IMPERIAL FISCAL REFORM. Imperial Fiscal Reform. By Sir Vincent H. P. Caillard. (E.. Arnold. 3s. 6d.)—In the preface to this book (which is well written and is couched in...

The Pool in the Desert. By Sara Jeannette Duncan. (Methuen.

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and Co. 6s.)—It is difficult to make up one's mind which of the stories in Mrs. Cotes's new book 35 the most uncomfortable and painful. In the story which gives its name to the...

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Recollections of James Martineau. By the Rev. Alexander H. Craufurd.

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(G. A. Morton, Edinburgh. 3s. 6d. net.) —Mr. Craufurd tells us that he made the acquaintance of James Martineau in 1892 (he was then in his eighty-eighth year, but full of...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[tinder this leading tre notice such Boob qf As wee as Moe rot been reserved for review in et/tor forms.] Handbook to the Prayer Book. By the Rev. B. Reynolds. (Rivingtons. 4s....

Mr. Balfour and Conceivable Cures for Imagined Ills. By C.

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H. P. C. (Effingham Wilson. Is. net.)—The object of this illuminating pamphlet is "to suggest doubts as to the value of Mr. Balfour's influence as an ' educator' of his party."...

THE TEACHING OF HISTORY.

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The Teaching of History and Civics in the Elementary and the Eecondory School. By Henry E. Bourne, B.A., B.D., Professor in the College for Women, Western Reserve University....

ADMINISTRATION UNDER THE EDUCATION ACT.

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The Education Act, 1902. Fully Explained, with Historical Introduction and Appendices, by William A. Casson and G. Cecil Whiteley, Barristers-at-Law. (Knight and Co. 7s. 6d....

How to Become an Author. By Harold Bennett. (C. Arthur

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Pearson. 5s.)—This book is full of good sense and useful advice from cover to cover. Mr. Bennett, who clearly knows his busi- ness, and is, so to speak, behind the scenes, sets...

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Scottish Portraits. Edited by James L. Caw.- IT. C. and

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E. e.. Jack. 21s. net.)—This, the fifth portfolio, completes the work,' which now gives us a gallery of distinguished personitges,=.-f beginning with James III. and ending with....

The Responsibilities of the Novelist. By Frank Norris. (Grant Richards.

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6s.)—Mr. Norris takes the American point of view, and what he says has, accordingly, to be occasionally modified by the English reader. Nevertheless, this same reader, if he has...

The Oxford English Dictiiinewft:' (Clarendon Ptess. 5s.) — The October instalment, a

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double section, edited • by Henry - 0 Bradley, gives the conclusion of "L" (Lock-LyYn), forming the first half of VoL VI. (the second half will contain " M and " N It is, as...

Thi Bible on. the Battlefield. By F. C. Vernon Harcourt.

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(Marshall Brothers. 35. 6d. net.)—Mr. Vernon Harcourt - T went out to South Africa on the mission of distributing to the soldiers: a number of "Soldier's New Testaments," an...

Charles Haddon. Spurgeon. • By One -Who alnew-Him .Well. (A.

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Melrose. • 2s. fkl. net.)—This "biographical sketch and appreciation" is very well done. The writer does not blindly admire, but discriminates with much judgment between...

New Erornows.—Asui and Europe. By Meredith Townsend. (A. Constable and

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Co. 5s. net.)—The Student's Handbook to the University and Colleges of Cambridge. (Cambridge University 'Press. 3s. net.)—Compiled from authentic sources, "believed to be...

Two Awheel. By Arthur Jose. (J. M. Dent and Co.

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3s. &I. net.) —This volume contains some twenty sketches, stories, and descriptions of persons and places in Australia, especially , in Sydney, where some of them have appeared...

• We may mention, though, of course, without any thought

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of criticising, the publication of a little volume by the late Bishop Westoott, Common Prayers for Family Use (Macmillan and Co., Is. net). • Theie prayers were put together by...

SciziooL AND CLASS Boexs.—Cateehisings for the Church ant Sunday Schools.

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Series III. By the Rev. J. H. Potter and Rev.' A. E. W. Shearel. (Skeffington and Son. 2s. net.)—This third is occupied with "The Life of Our Lord." The system of catechising...

The Care of a House. By T. M. Clark. (Macmillan

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and Co 16s. 6d. net.)—Let it be observed that it is a " house "—i.e., the building, not the " household"—about which Mr. Clark discourses. In other words, this is not a book...

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SMITH, ELDER & CO.'S NEW BOOKS.

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GUARDIAN.—"A handsome and solid Edition." A. CONAN DOYLE'S NOVELS. " AUTHOR'S EDITION " IN TWELVE VOLUMES. WITH AN INTRODUCTORY PREFACE AND TWO PHOTOGRAVURE ILLUSTRATIONS TO...