2 NOVEMBER 1872

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The elections for the National Council in Switzerland have ended

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in a complete triumph for the party favourable to a revision of the Constitution. It is believed that in a House of 135 Members the friends of centralisation will have a...

The Bien Public, supposed to be an organ of M.

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Thiers, but really we fancy an organ of men about M. Thiers, suggests that universal suffrage should be limited by the adoption of twenty- five as the minimum age of the voter....

The Duke of Marlborough is ill at ease with himself.

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As our readers will remember, his agent issued a circular, stat- ing that as the labourers were "putting forward question- able demands," he should place his cottages in the...

The French papers are full of stories as to coming

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changes in the Constitution. The best authenticated of them is contained in a letter attributed to M. Thiers' private secretary and intimate friend, M. Barthelemy St. Hilaire,...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE constitutional crisis which we have so often predicted in England has suddenly arrived in Prussia. The Prussian Peers, after defying the people for sixteen years with...

The Duke of Marlborough is quite hurt in his mind

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by two statements made by the Attorney-General. Sir J. Coleridge, who has read history, said the Marlborough estates were granted to the Churchills by the State, a statement...

It is understood that the King stands prepared to swamp

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the Upper House by an immense creation of Peers, 150 at least, but it is possible that a much stronger measure may be adopted. The King, as he said himself, " never was a...

i*,* The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript in any

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case.

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The Italians seem for once to have put themselves in

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the wrong in a quarrel with the Pope. An International Commission is sit- ting in Paris to decide upon the best standard of measure. Each country sends members according to its...

The papers are full of stories of English cruelty and

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oppression. We give the worst of them all, the confession of Dr. J. Murray, a front place in our paper to-day ; but Mr. E. Jenkins (" Gimes Baby ") relates another which, though...

Mr. Baxter addressed his constituents at Montrose on Thursday in

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an able, but unfortunately sordid speech. After recapitulating the achievements of the Government, he intimated that Mr. Glad- stone had, perhaps, other nice things in store ;...

An Austrian correspondent of the Times, writing from Vienna, confirms

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the view we expressed last week as to the fall of 11.Iidhat Pasha. He has been superseded because Mahmoud has again aroused the Sultan's defeated hopes of altering the...

The University of Oxford has come to an extraordinary decision.

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It is intended that the candidate for a degree who wishes for exemption from the Divinity examination on religions grounds shall be exempt, but who is to state the wish ? Mr....

We regret to perceive that Mr. T. Hughes has intimated

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his intention of retiring from the representation of Frome. Mr. Hughes stood originally for that little borough as a strong church- man and advocate of co-operation, both of...

The Government has made an admirable selection for the Deanery

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of Winchester. The Rev. John Bramston, the Vicar of Witham, Essex, besides enjoying a high local reputation as a parish priest and preacher, has been distinguished for some...

The never-ending rain which has wearied and depressed all Western

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Europe, has in the South, and especially in Italy, wrought still more serious mischief. The rivers, many of which are above the plain, having been dyked for centuries, have...

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The Bishop of Gloucester at Bristol was on Tuesday speaking

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to a diocesan conference at Cirencester on the position of the Church of England. He held that it was really divided into two parties, the High Church and the Low Church; the...

The agitation against the Income-Tax has always existed, but it

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appears to be curiously strong at present, when the tax is only fourpence. Mr. Massey, at Tiverton, has pledged himself—as we think, in a most reckless and unstatesmanlike...

Everything crosses the sea now-a-days, and we suppose the "horse

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epidemic" will. This is a disease apparently of the catarrh kind which has attacked the horses of New York and Philadelphia, and almost entirely suspended traffic. Thirty...

Mr. Fronde has gone to lecture on Ireland in the

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United States, and has been very warmly received. His notion is that American opinion is the herb which will heal the wounds of Ireland, and his object is to make this opinion...

A Geneva correspondent of the Daily News announces by telegraph

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that Bishop Mareilly has resigned his diocese of Geneva, • on the ground that Mgr. Mermillod is now Bishop of that see. As he had previously informed the Council that he would...

Mr. Gerard Start, Member for Dorsetahire, delivered a speech on

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Tuesday to his constituents shoat game and the labourers. On game he was frank and liberal, offering, as we understand him, to give up ground game altogether ; but as to the...

We have once more to apologise to many kind correspondents

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whose communications it is simply impossible for us to insert, at all events this week. We do our beet, but seven pages of letters on a single subject, the proposed Irish...

Sir Thomas Acland has made a very excellent, though, as

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we have elsewhere remarked, rather undecided, speech to the Broad. elist Agricultural Association. He evidently wishes to concede a -considerable measure of tenant-right, though...

Lord Penzance has resigned his seat as Judge of the

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Probate and Divorce Court, and will, it is believed, be succeeded by Baron Martin, to the immense relief of all criminals throughout Eng- land. The seat is probably of all the...

We verily believe that if Sir John Pakington were asked

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to deliver an address on spectrum analysis, the delight of speech- making would get the better of him, and he would utter enough words to fill a column of the Times. He can...

Consols were on Thursday 921- to

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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KIDNAPPING AND PIRACY. T HERE is not now, we believe, in the world, one pirate vessel commanded by a European. In the far corners of the Eastern Archipelago, in the less...

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MEMBERS OUT OF PARLIAMENT.

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A NYONE who doubts the extreme importance of leader- ship in English politics, who clings to the theory that individuals have little power over the progress of affairs, should...

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LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN PRUSSIA.

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T7 Bill now before the Prussian Upper Chamber, and vhich has occupied it closely ever since it met on the 22nd ult., would at any time be of interest and importance for its own...

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THE DISESTABLISHMENT OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

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I T is very difficult for a dispassionate observer to watch the struggle now raging between the Papacy and most of the European Governments without an impression that the first...

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RIP VAN WINKLE EX CATHEDRA.

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T HE Chair of Casuistry—or of Moral Philosophy, as it has in modern times been called—at Cambridge has been filled for more than thirty years by men of remarkable ability and...

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COUNT BRASSIER DE SAINT SIMON.

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G ERMANY has lost one of the ablest of its diplomatists in the person of Count Brassier de Saint Simon, repre- sentative of the German Empire at the Court of Italy, whose death...

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PHYSICAL PREJUDICES.

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D O tall men and men of large physique dislike and distrust little men ? We have, we think, once or twice met with the traces among tall men of a feeling of that kind, quite...

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THE CATS AT THE CRYSTAL PALACE.

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T HE Fourth Cat Show at the Crystal Palace was a pretty and pleasant spectacle. On a raised platform, which occupied a great space between the marble basin and the centre of the...

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THEOPHILE GAUTIER.

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J r was little thought, when " Emma et Camees " were but a short time ago reviewed in these columns, that Theophile 'Gautier's premature death would add yet greater interest to...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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THE FARM LABOURERS OF DORSET.—II. [TO TES EDITOR OF TER SPEOTATOR.1 concluded my last week's letter with a specimen of the yearly agreement between farmer and labourer in...

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THE STAGE IN GERMANY.

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rre THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.") [The following extract from a private letter has been sent to us for publication.—En. Spectator.] . . . . It is a continual wonder to me...

THE SOMERSETSIIIRE LABOURERS. ero THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.") •

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SIR,-I have read with much interest your elaborate review on the condition of the Agricultural Labourer. As a native and resident in the county of Somerset for nearly half a...

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EQUAL ELECTORAL DISTRICTS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE"SPECTATOR."] Sin,-.-The reference in your critique on "Mr. Butt's Reform Bill' to the plan of grouping submitted by me to the House of Corn. mons in 1868...

THE RIGHT OF APPEAL FOR ASSISTANT-MASTER&

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR:1 you allow me space to say a few words as to whether a right of appeal against arbitrary dismissal ought or not to be con- ceded to...

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THE JUSTICIARY OF PENNSYLVANIA.. [TO THE EDITOR OF TUB "SPEOTLTOR.1

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SIE,—I have read with regret in an article in your paper of September 7 on the "The American Judiciary" the sentence, "The corruption of the Pennsylvania Bench, in particular,...

ITALY AND IRELAND.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE SPECTATOR.1 Si,—Much of your article of the 19th ult. on the state of Italy is applicable to Ireland without the change of a word. In particular districts...

POETRY.

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TO MR. MILL. Wnom shall we follow ? The flame-haired daughter Of Chaos and Change, ever victorious, That ever of rage, and ruin, and slaughter, Shapeth and bringeth us new...

HANDY BOOKS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SF5OTATOR:] SIR,—In your ingenious and suggestive article of last Saturday on "handy Books," there are one or two points on which you will perhaps allow...

DOG-CONSCIOUSNESS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE “Sricer.trOn..1 SIR,—Our terrier " Crib " took upon himself yesterday to add hie testimony to your view of "dog-consciousness," as expressed in the...

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BOOKS.

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DE MORGAN'S BUDGET OF PARADOXES.* 'Tam who read Be Morgan's papers on paradoxes as they originally appeared in the pages of the Athenzum will not need to be told that the...

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THE LIFE OF CAPTAIN MARRYAT.*

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TEE author of such admirable naval novels as Peter Simple, of such excellent boys' books as Masterman Ready, is so great a favourite with all classes of readers, that his...

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A GOOD MATCH.*

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WE wish that no one with less ability than Miss Perrier—we assume the "Miss "—ever presented the public with his or her literary productions. We should then, at least, be able...

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MR. HENRY KINGSLEY'S NEW NOVEL*

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MR. HENRY KINGSLEY'S story-telling vein is very pleasant, if one does not get too much of it. There is a fresh, vigorous, uncon- ventional manliness of tone in his books, which...

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CURRENT LITERATURE.

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The British Quarterly, for October. (Hodder and Stoughton.)—This is not the liveliest number of the British Quarterly which has appeared lately, but it contains two or three...

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Under the Greenwood Tree. By the Author of "Desperate Remedies."

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2 vols. (Tinsley.)—The author describes his book, and describes it very well, as " a rural painting of the Datch school." In the early chapters he describes the meeting of a...

Off Parade. By Stephen J. Mackenna. 3 vols. (Hurst and

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Blackett.) —It is not an attractive picture that Mr. Mackenna, who has himself been a soldier, gives us of military life "off parade." Parade, after all, cannot occupy many...

The Dublin Review. October. (Barns and Oates.)—This is the beat

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number we have seen for a long time, containing at least four articles of great ability and interest. The most popular is a really brilliant article on Mr. Trollope as a...

Cattle, Sheep, and Deer. By Duncan G. F. Macdonald, LL.D.

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(Steel and Jones.)—This is one of the books which we must content our- selves with describing. Dr. Macdonald, who has probably as large an experience as any man in Great...

Encyclopreclia of Chronology. By B. B. Woodward and William L.

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Cates. (Longmans.)—It is quite beyond the power of any man to criticise the matter, whether as regards its accuracy or its completeness, of so vast a work as is included in the...

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Country Stories, Old and New, in Prose and Verse. By

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Holme Lee. vols. (Smith and Elder.)—We prefer Holme Lee's prose to her verse. The latter is sweet, but somewhat weak, not better, in fact, than many another volume of verse...

The Letters and the Life of Francis Bacon. By James

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Spedding. Vol. 6. (Longman.)—Mr. Spedding has come to a very difficult part of his work, but does not seem to lose courage. This sixth volume includes something more than two...

Dictionary of American Biography, including Men of the Time. By

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Francis S. Drake. (Boston, U.S.: Osgood. London: Triibner.)—The volume is on the gigantic scale which seems appropriate to all things American. It is an octavo of the largest...