2 MARCH 1907

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The Times correspondent at Vienna sends an extraordinary narrative of

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Polish tyranny in Galicia. About a month ago some two hundred Ruthene students at the Polish University of Lemberg were arrested for rioting when the authorities refused to...

Mr. Roosevelt paid a visit to Harvard, his old lJniver-

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sity, last Saturday, and in the afternoon addressed a meeting of the undergraduates. Beginning with a defence of athletic sports, and especially football—so _ long as it was...

According to the Times St. Petersburg correspondent, the Finnish Court,

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which has investigated the murder of M. Hertzenstein, has conclusively shown that the clime was organised by the Union of the Russian People, the leading reactionary...

The Times published on Thursday a summary in advance of

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an article in the Benue des DC= Mender by M. Tardieu, the foreign editor of the Temps, who is better known under his innudonym • of "George Villiers." It is an astonishing...

l' a s The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

The Standard on Wednesday published from its St. Peters- burg

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correspondent a remarkable secret report on the siege' of Port Arthur sent to the Czar by General Smirlioff. Generals Stossel and Fock and Colonel Reiss will have to' meet the...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE debates in the Reichstag on the Estimates on Monday and. Tuesday were noteworthy for the speeches of Prince Billow and Herr Bebel. Herr Bebel, who spoke for two hours on...

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We are glad to note that on Friday week in

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the House of Commons the second reading of the Bill legalising marriage with a deceased wife's sister was carried by an enormous majority. The principle of this Bill had already...

In regard to the Regular Army, Mr. Haldane pointed out

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that in order to mobilise a hundred and fifty thousand men on the existing basis we should need something like an additional fifty thousand men. A large number of these, roughly...

On the afternoon of Friday week eleven of the survivors

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who remained on board the wreck of the 'Berlin' at the Hook of Holland were rescued after heroic exertions on the part of the Dutch lifeboat crew. The crew worked thirty-six...

The chief details of the plan for increasing the provision

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of officers may be summarised thus. The minimum standard of training for an officer is to be a year's attachment to a Regular unit. If, however, a man has served with credit for...

We may sum up our objections to Mr. Haldane's scheme

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by saying that we do not believe that at the best it can give us a better body of Auxiliary troops than we have got to-day, and may very well give us a worse. It is quite...

We have expressed elsewhere our grave anxiety at Mr. Haldane's

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proposals, and our dread that if they are carried out they will mean a most serious reduction in our military strength. We may note here one or two additional , points. It must...

On Monday Mr. Haldane introduced his scheme for the reconstruction

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of the Auxiliary Forces in a speech lasting three hours. What ho proposes is roughly as follows. He asks to be allowed (1) to abolish the Militia altogether ; (2) to create a...

We may fill in this skeleton by saying that the

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second line is to be three hundred thousand strong, and that the period of service will be four years, but a man will be allowed to withdraw before if he gives three months'...

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Lord Curzon, we are glad to see, has written a

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letter substantially in favour of Lord Newton's Bill for the reform of the House of Lords. He urges the Unionist Party to make some policy of reform its own. He dismisses the...

The King, accompanied by the Queen, opened the new Central.

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Criminal Court at the Old Bailey on Wednesday. In reply to an address read by the Recorder, the King delivered a brief speech, in which he alluded to the growth of popula- tion...

On Tuesday under the Ten Minutes Rule Mr. McKenna brought

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in his Bill to relieve local education authorities of the cost of special religious instruction in non-Provided schools. Under the Bill, which consists of but one clause, the...

Mr. Balfour said that he failed to detect in Mr.

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McKenna's speech or his Bill any signs of the approach of peace. It was an excellent thing to relieve the consciences of a certain number Of our fellow-citizens, but was the...

Polling took place on Tuesday in the Brigg division of

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Lincolnshire, where a vacancy had been created by the retire• ment of Mr. Reckitt, the result, which was announced on Wednesday afternoon, being as follows:— Sir Berkeley...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE LIBERALS, FREE-TRADE, AND THE . BRIGG ELECTION. W E are well aware of all the things that can be said, and truly said, in regard to the unwisdom of exaggerating the...

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MR. HALDANE'S ARMY PROPOSALS.

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T HOSE who accept Mr. Haldane's premisses will find little difficulty in accepting his conclusions also. That, however, is not an admission which takes us very far, for it was...

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THE NEW TRANSVAAL GOVERNMENT.

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W E are very glad that General Botha has virtually accepted the Premiership of the new Transvaal Government. Given a Het Volk majority over all other parties in the Legislative...

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DISESTABLISHMENT.

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r 1HE debate on Disestablishment in the House of Commons on Wednesday proved that the Govern- ment have no intention of interfering with the principle of a national Church...

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AMBITION IN POLITICS. .

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T O refer to a politician as devoid of ambition is to write him down a nobody offhand. Yet how seldom it happens that the epithet " ambitious," which ought to be, or at least...

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THE DREAMS OF THE BIBLE.

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S CIENCE has not yet succeeded in analysing the stuff that dreams are made of, and the modern world, which chafes under the thought of the inexplicable, tries deliberately to...

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GAMES AND CHARACTER.

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" W HY does golf make men so intolerable P asked that amusing writer, Mr. Rotheran Hurst, in a recent issue of the County Gentleman, and proceeded to make further searching...

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SEA MAGIC.

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T HERE is nothing in this world so clean and clear as the skyline at sea. The first sight of it on leaving land, when fields and hills and houses sink out of sight and all...

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LETTERS TO THE - EDITOR. -

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RATES AND MUNICIPAL TRADING, [To THE EDITOR OF TOO . SPE0ATOIL . 1 Sza, — In your last issue a letter on " Rates and Municipal Trading," signed by " S. B.," suggesting, as it...

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MUNICIPAL DEBT AND ASSETS.

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[To van Emos or TIM "SPPOTATOIL"f Sia,—In your notice (Spectator, February 16th) of Mr. Robert Donald's excellent "Municipal Year-Book" you say that the case of Manchester...

MUNICIPAL BILLIARDS.

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[To 'Ms EDITOM OP TIM .. SPACTATOV . J Sin,—In view of the reports which have appeared recently in the newspapers with regard to the provision of billiard-tables in Battersea...

ITO rss EDROP. OP TIM SPXCTAI014"1

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Sas —Your correspondent "S. B." in the issue of February 23rd seems to imply that Bounaemouth's low rate of 5s. in the pound is due to municipal trading. This is, however, not...

THE REMARKABLE DEPRECIATION OF GOLD. Its Tex zonoa os roe

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-srscreroa.") Sia,—Your correspondent "Latona " in his interesting letter in last week's Spectator takes rather too enthusiastic a view of the advantages of the depreciation of...

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ITO rum EDITOR OF TfIR " SPROFATOR1

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StR,—Referring to " Latona's " letter in your last week's issue, the appended few figures may be of interest. They forcibly demonstrate how great is the bearing ' on prices of...

THE HOUSE OF LORDS.

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(TO TOR EDITOR 01 TDB .8PROFATOR.1 Snc,—The cable reports to us here in Canada the startling language of the Attorney-General on the question of the House of Lords. He...

(To TUE ED/TOR OF TM/ .8PROTATOR.1

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SIR,—The so-called depreciation of gold to which " Latona " refers in his letter of February 23rd is, of course, only another way of expressing the fact that the gold price of...

LONGFELLOW'S CENTENARY.

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ITo Tea EDITOR or TOE "SPRoTATOR...) SIR,—The Wednesday of this week, February 27th, sees a century completed since the birth of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. I do not know...

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THE GOVERNMENT AND DUBLIN UNIVERSITY. pro TICE EDITOR OF TEE

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"SPECTATOR. " ] trust that all those graduates of the University of Dublin who have not already done , so will sign the protest against the proposed changes in the constitution...

BELFAST'S GREATEST INDUSTRY.

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1.10 THE EDITOR OP TILE SPECTATOR:1 Sue,—In your issue of the 16th ult., p. 239, you write " The shipbuilding industry of Belfast, which is its greatest 'source of prosperity."...

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LONGEVITY AND LINKS WITH THE PAST. [To rim EDITOR OP

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Tag "SPECTATOR. "] SIE,—Two instances of the above well known to me seem rather striking ones. The present Vicar of Bishop's Cunnings, Wilts, is only the fifth since the year...

AXEL VON FERSEN. [To TRR EDITOR OF THE . 15PRCTATOR.] Sric,—I

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have just read in the Spectator of November 17th, 1906, your review of a translation of M. Lenotre's book, " The Flight of Marie Antoinette," and as a great-grandnephew of Axel...

THE COLONIES AND -IMPERIAL DEFENCE.

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[TO TER EDITOR OF TDB `SPUCraTOn..] SIR, . — A man whose speech is misunderstood has generally only himself to blame ; but at the risk of imposing such blame upon myself, I hope...

THE REFERENDUM AT WORK.

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[To TUB EDITOR OF TUE "SPECTATOR"] Sre,—The result of the Referendum on the question of the separation of Church and State which was submitted to the people of Neuchiltel on...

OLD-AGE PENSIONS IN NEW ZEALAND.

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[To TM EDITOR OF THE . SPECTATOR."] Sra,—In an article in the Spectator of September 22nd, 1906, on old-age pensions and their effect in discouraging thrift you: , quoted a...

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A "SWADESHI" POSTCARD.

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Cro TER EDITOS or THE "Sroor,roo.1 Sra,—Enclosed I send you a postcard recently received from a " Swadeshi" firm. Comment is needless. The native Bengali papers dwell so much on...

A LIFE OF THE BARONESS BITRDETT-00IITTS.

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[TO TUE EDITOR OP TUB SNOT/TOIL:"] Sra,—May I ask those who possess letters of interest from the Baroness Burdett-Coutts addressed to them or their forbears to send them to me...

THE DERIVATION OF "APRICOT."

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(To ins Simon OP THE “Srsor/roo.'J SIE,—Surely apricot has nothinc , to do with either "pine" or " coque" (see Spectator, January ' 26th, p.134),—French abricot, Spanish...

THE SECRET OF OUR RULE IN INDIA.

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To Tao Eorroo or vas "Sroororoo.".1 SIR,—The following views on native self-government in India written by General John Jacob, of Sind, in 1854, may interest your readers at...

" Sviadeshi Stores, 8th January, 1907.

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DEAL Sit,—Have you with you any sort of tea, which you could." supply at 2as. a lb. in bulk P By ' bulk' we mean, we don't want them in lb. packets. We want them loose in...

THE BATTLE OF SLIVNITZA.

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r•re TIM EDITOR Or THE " SPROTATOR:1 Sra, — In your kindly notice of my article in the Contemporary you state: "It is surely incorrect to say that the chivalrous but ill-starred...

GAME PRESERVATION AND THE TSETSE-FLY. yrs THE EDITOR OP THE

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"SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Some time ago you were kind enough to publish some letters from the president of the British Central Africa Planters' Association and myself on the subject of...

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BOOKS.

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THE BATTLE OF TSII-SHIklAl. CAPTAIN SEMENOPP, the author of this remarkable book, bad exceptionally good opportunities for clearly observing the battle of the Sea of Japan. He...

POETRY.

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re g ereimperio populos, Romans, memento."—Vraort. The kingdom of God is within you."—Liss rTn. 21.] EASTER comes like the gleam of a dawn that delivers the slave, The drudge of...

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AN INDIAN SCRAP-BOOK.*

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WE speak of Mr. Malcolm's book in our beading as a scrap- book because it is in fact made up of a great number of serape. All the subjects are touched upon with a butterfly...

ECONOMICS FOR IRISHMEN.*

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THREE is a tradition among reviewers that only big books deserve careful reviews ; but any one who will take the troUble to read " Pat's " Economics for Irishmen will be forced...

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MR. HENRY JAMES ON AMERICA.*

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MB- HRtiltY James has issued to a highly curious world the first instalment of his impressions of America. The visit of such an inquirer to his native land after an absence of a...

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The Amateur Emigrants. By Thomas Cobb. (Alston Rivers. 6s.)—Mr. Cobb

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has lately ceased to write with conviction, and the reader cannot help feeling that the entertaining scheme of his new novel is therefore rather wasted. His "amateur emigrants"...

In State Pupiflari. (Swan Sonnensohein and Co. 8s.)—This is a

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novel entirely concerned with the doings of a Ladies' College in which the heroine finds herself. The author has thought it beat to use what she calls "fictitious place-names,"...

CURRENT LITERATUR E.

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A COMMON-SENSE ARMY. The United Slates Army. By Colonel Sir Howard Vincent, K.C.M.G., M.P. (Cosburn, Newbury. Past-free, la.)—Sir Howard Vincent has done well to render his...

NOVELS.

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MEMOIRS OF A PERSON OF QUALITY.* THE long scenario of Mr. Hilliers's romance given on his title-page prepares the reader for something unconventional and unusual, and these...

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SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this heading IN notice such Books of the took as limo not boos reserved for rosins other forms.] The Preservation of the Militia. By Colonel the Duke of Bedford, MG.....

The Drink Problem. Edited by T. N. Kelynack. (Methuen and

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Co. 7s. 6d. net.)—Dr. Kelynack has included in this volume fifteen essays, of which he has himself written the first and the last, "The Drink Problem" and "The Arrest of...

Studies in Education during the Age of the Renaissance, 1400-

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1600. By W. H. Woodward. (Cambridge University Press. 4s. 6d. net.)—We cannot do more than indicate some of the more noticeable portions of Professor Woodward's book, one of the...

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Burdett's Hospitals and Charities, 1907. By Sir Henry Burdett. (The

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Scientific Press. 7s. 6d. net.)—In his preliminary chapters Sir Henry Burdett returns to various subjects which he has already treated, exposes anew old evils, and suggests...

The Expositor. Seventh Series, Vol. II. (Hodder and Stoughton. 79.

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6d. net.)—This volume fully maintains the high reputation of the periodical. The interest is as varied, and the tone of the contributors as commendable, as ever. Dr. Duckworth...

Orford and the Rhodes Scholarships. By R. F. Scholz and

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S. K. Hornbeck. (H. Frowde. 2s. -6d.- net.)—This is a useful little volume, giving particulars of the Rhodes foundation, estimates of the cost of College life, and details of...

The Origin of the English Nation. By H. Munro Chadwick.

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(Cambridge University Press. 7s. 6d. net.)—Mr. Chadvrick's book deals with the history, social and other, of the tribes whose coming, to put the matter briefly, changed Britain...

Easy Shorthand. By Sir Edward Clarke, K.C. (Simpkin, Marshall, and

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Co. ls. net.)---Sir Edward Clarke explains how he learnt this system—invented, as he afterwards found, by Samuel Taylor in 1786—at school, and how useful it has been to him. We...

Projectile - Throwing Engines of the Ancients. By Sir Ralph Payne-Gallwey, Bart.

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(Longman and Co. Is. net.)—Sir Ralph Payne-Gallwey is an authority on these subjects, all the more trustworthy because he puts his conclusions to the test of actual experience....

The Newspaper Press Directory. (C. Mitchell and Co. 2e.)— There

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are two hundred and five daily papers in the United Kingdom, and two thousand two hundred and ninety-seven others published less frequently. "Of these all but an infinitesimal...

The Antiquary, Vol. XLIL (Elliot Stock. 7s. 6d.)—This volume is

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not less interesting than usual. No adequate idea can be given here of the variety and value of its contents. Certainly no antiquarian can afford to be without it. We may...

Switzerland: the Country and its People. Written by Clarence Rook.

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Painted by Effie Jardine. (Chatto and Windus. 20s. net.)—This is a good book to look at and to read. Of the pictures about two-thirds are in colour and a third in half-tones,...