26 OCTOBER 1929

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:EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING OFFICES: 99 Gower Street, London, W .C.1.—A

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Subscription to the SPECTATOR costa Thirty Shillings per Omura, including postage, to any part of the world. The SPECTATOR is registered as a Newspaper. The Postage on this...

His resignation, therefore, was not far off ; but nobody

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foresaw that he would be beaten on the first day of the session without getting ratification for the Hague Agree- ments. The temporary combination which defeated him brought...

Thereupon much feeling which had been below the surface surged

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up and in the end caused the fortuitous combination which put the Government in a minority. M. Briand was asked whether it was or was not true that the evacuation of the...

News of the Week

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The Fall of M. Briand Tim startling fall of M. Briand's • Government on Tuesday is an undoubted misfortune, but though it - Must be taken seriously it need not be taken...

Unfortunately for M. Briand the Agreements under the Young Plan

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have been delayed. The Committees at The Hague are still working them out. If he had been able to present them to the Chamber on Tuesday he would not have been defeated, for the...

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The Delegation _Says that the orders available for British manufacturers

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and exporters during the five- years' trade programme of the Soviet would amount to £170,000,000, and might be much more. Many con- cessions. are available. The Delegation is...

India ..

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The Auxiliary Committee, under the chairmanship of Sir Philip Hartog, which the Simon Commission appdinted to inquire into education in British India has issued its Report.. It...

Russia and British Trade The British Trade Delegation which visited

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Russia last Spring to inquire into opportunities for trade has issued its Report. Events have already made it slightly out of date, as the Labour Government have, of course,...

Even the Socialists, led by M. Blum, expressed their dissatisfaction

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with M. Briand's answer, though they are of course even more committed than the Radicals to support the Young Plan. When the result of the division was announced—a majority of...

Canadian Women and the Senate The Judicial Committee of the

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Privy Council has given the important judgment that women are eligible for the Canadian Senate. Everything turned upon the interpretation of the Word "person " in the British...

The New Australian Government On Tuesday Mr. Scullin, the Australian

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Labour leader, formed the new Commonwealth Government. When we wrote last week the final figures of the General Election which overwhelmed Mr. Bruce and the Nationalist Party...

Waterloo Bridge On Tuesday the London County Council decided to

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accept the scheme for reconditioning Waterloo Bridge. This required the rescinding.of the resolution of 1925 for the building of .a new bridge. It will be remembered that _the...

Mr. Scullin, himself a moderate, is universally respected. He has

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the double task of putting the national finances on a safer basis, and of ending the dual system of Compul- sory Arbitration. It is said that the State Premiers who rejected Mr,...

It is an extraordinary fact that in spite of the

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spread of education there has been no proportionate reduction of illiteracy. Inefficiency was found nearly everywhere, and that is only another way of saying that. a great deal....

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Although he knew all Europe intimately he had a particular

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sentiment for India, and his advice was much valued by Lord Morley when he was introducing his reforms. The libel suit which was brought against Chirol by Mr. Tilak on account...

Sir Valentine Chirol The name of Sir Valentine Chirol, who

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died on Tuesday, will be held in lasting honour by journalists. His work was a model of industrious research and an honourable desire to state the truth without fear or favour....

Compulsory Motor Insurance One of the most interesting of the

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Bills contemplated by the Government is that for Compulsory Motor Insurance. The Bill would compel owners to insure against third-party risks. The object, of course, is to...

It was at that time that Mr. Joseph Chamberlain was

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proposing an Anglo-German alliance and Chirol had nothing but friendly feelings for Germany. His stay in Germany was a period of bitter disillusionment, com- parable with that...

Some of the speakers at the debate on Tuesday—Sir Percy

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Simmons, for example—accepted the scheme for reconditioning with some reluctance, as they felt that not enough provision was being made for the certain congestion of the...

Bank Rate, 61 per cent., changed from 51 per cent.,

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on September 26th, 1929. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 102A.; on Wednesday week 101k; a year ago, 103 e g ; Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 85k; on...

Professor Tout We regret to record the death of Professor

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T. F. Tout, the medieval historian of world-wide fame. His career was largely shaped by the development of the Owens College into the University of Manchester. All that he did...

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The Coming Session

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W HEN the new session of Parliament opens next Tuesday the Government will begin to write Chapter Two of their administration, and whatever they may write upon pages which are...

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King Nadir

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G REAT BRITAIN has no other interest in Afghanistan than that it should be a stable independent State remaining at peace with its neighbours. As these conditions are more likely...

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How to Use the Parks

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Nv HEN the Sunlight League was formed in May, 1924, it obtained permission to use Kenwood- then just saved from the builders, but not open to the public—for the purpose of a...

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• Europe Revisited

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VI.—The Hungarian Problem [Two years ago the Spectator published a series of articles called "Europe after Twenty Years," recording impressions re- ceived after a tour...

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The Reunion of Christendom

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V.—The South Indian Proposals and the Church of England [Dr. Sparrow Simpson, who contributes this article, is a distin- guished Anglo-Catholic scholar and divine.—En....

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Housing Societies O VER 250 Voluntary Housin g Societies are now oper-

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atin g in this country. They provide a valuable means of helpin g on the work of reconditionin g poor property, and also of providin g new accommodation at low rents. As it is...

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Beneath the Rowan F ROM the windows of this grey stone

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cottage that was built fifty years a g o by a youn g fisherman, the mountains of Skye are seen on clear days very blue and ma g ical in their cloud-like shapes, ten miles over...

Diaicor subscribers who are changing their addresses are asked to

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nottfy the SPECTATOR Office BEFORE MIDDAY' on MONDAY ON EA.Cli WEEK. Th pre.vious address to which the paper has been sent an receipt reference nutabet% should be quoted.

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Yvette Guilbett

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Y VETTE GUILBERT has been singing again at the Arts Theatre Club all this week. A piece of literary history emerges for reconsideration. I take down one of the well-used...

The Theatre

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THE THEATRE PIGALLE. BARON HENRI DE ROTHSCHILD'S much-talked-of theatre has at last opened its doors to the public. This theatre, which has been under construction since 1925,...

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ENGLISH ARTISTS. Tim PAUL GUILLAUME GALLERY.

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The Paul Guillaume Gallery, which has given us such excellent exhibitions of French art, has now got together a collection of works by English artists which should be seen by...

ERIC ICENNINGTON AND JOHN ARMSTRONG. Tim LEICESTER GALLERIES.

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The Leicester Galleries have opened their autumn season with an exhibition of both painting and sculpture. One room is devoted to twelve pieces of sculpture by Mr. Erie...

Correspondence

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[We have just received this article from Mr. Ivy Lee, our New York correspondent, who is visiting Moscow for the third time since 1927. Mr. Lee is on his way to Japan vid...

Art

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THE LONDON Guour. THE NEW BURLINGTON GALLERIES. IN their twenty-seventh exhibition at the New Burlington Galleries, the London Group have been generous, two hundred And...

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THE TRAVEL MANAGER is always pleased to supply free travel

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information and ackice on all parts of Great Britain and abroad to readers of the "Spectator." Private and con- ducted tours arranged with reputed agencies. Hotel accom-...

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COLLEGE ATHLETICS.

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The Carnegie Foundation publishes this week its long- awaited Report on American College Athletics. The staff and members of the Foundation, assisted by independent authorities,...

RELIGION BY WIRELESS.

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The radio religious services broadcast through a network of stations to a congregation estimated to number some forty million persons resumed on Sunday after the summer...

ADVERTISING OR POLITICS.

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American radio programmes, with their large admixture of commercial advertising, are the subject of much present controversy in the American press. "The commercial usage of the...

Tim SALE OF LIQUOR.

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A prolonged, and possibly bitter, debate is anticipated when Congress, at the forthcoming regular session, comes to Consider the amendment to the Prohibition laws submitted by...

American Notes of the Week

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My Cable) Crum WELFARE WORK. President Hoover has invited between three and four hundred experts to co-operate in the White House Conference on Child Welfare Work. The...

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY.

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A temporary wooden platform has been erected around the gilded bronze statue of Alma Mater which dominates the campus at Columbia University. Above the platform a superstructure...

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The League and Colonial Government

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Tanganyika and East African Federation [The views expressed in signed articles on this page are those of the writers and not necessarily those of the Spectator.—En....

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Country Life A PERFECT FARbf.

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I spent a good part of two days last week on a Berkshire farm, which is to my mind one of the best examples in Britain 'of the recovery of half derelict land to high farming. A...

MORE MIGRANT FISH Several inquiries have reached me about the

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marked fish, especially sea trout, whose migrations are being especially . studied at the moment in North Britain ; and some more details may be given. Great numbers have been...

WEEDING BY INSECTS.

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To give another instance. The control of weeds by help of insects has become a regular practice. A beetle that feeds on the blackberry, a weevil that feeds on the gorse, a...

The study of scales iii both salmon and trout is

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still producing results, and a few experts can now read the life of a salmon in considerable detail merely from a microscopic examination of the scales. A side line of enquiry...

• Now for the reverse of the medal. The wheat

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yielded no less than seven quarters to the acre ; and experts who inspected the samples described them as scarcely inferior to Manitoba No. 1. Even at the wretched price of 44s....

THE BEST APPLE?

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Which is the best apple ? In a symposium on this pertinent question an Australian plumped for "Jonathan," an apple that is not grown in England. It claims a certain pre-...

The very last rows of potatoes from a field of

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over thirty acres were being put into clamps, which pretty well encircled the field. The crop was good, the quantity good ; but at present prices each acre would show a loss of...

FERTILIZED RUBBISH.

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The science of culture grows faster, perhaps, than most of us realize. The best of modern instances, that begin to benefit the smallest gardener as well as the largest farmer,...

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Letters to the Editor

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[Letters of the length of one of our" .News of the Week" paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space. They should be...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, —The admirable article you

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published on the pernicious Mui Tsai system in the Colony of Hong-Kong gave a most accurate picture of the situation. From other quarters we receive news of a tendency to reopen...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—Your footnote to Mr. Noyes' very convincing letter (to which so far no sort of answer has been made) has over- whelmed you with a plethora of fantastic claimants repre-...

SLAVE GIRLS IN HONG-KONG

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I have read with interest the article entitled "A Cry from Hong-Kong," but I venture to plead that arrangements should be made for the...

A ROYAL COAT OF ARMS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—In Trinity Church in this city there is a Royal Coat of Arms (carved in wood) that was removed from the Council Chamber of the State...

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THE REUNION OF CHRISTENDOM

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—While, along with many other readers, I am grateful to you for publishing the present series of articles on this subject, it has struck...

TO DESCENDANTS OF EARLY SETTLERS IN MASSACHUSETTS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] am appealing through your columns to your readers to ask if any of them can throw light on the whereabouts of any descendants of the following...

PRIVATELY OWNED RAILWAY WAGONS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The case as presented by Mr. E. R. B. Roberts, in your issue of October 5th appears to be that private ownership of wagons impedes...

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CRUELTY IN THE MIDDLE EAST

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—Your correspondent Mr. W. Joyce suggests that the 11.S.P.C.A. might be able to help the ill-used horses and mules in the Middle East....

A STANDARD OF ACCOMMODATION

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—A correspondent in your journal raises the important question of what should be regarded as a minimum standard of housing accommodation....

THE IMPORTANCE OF MINERALS IN ANIMAL NUTRITION

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sut,—Some months ago I wrote and expressed my thanks for the information obtained from an article which appeared in the Spectator some years...

POINTS FROM LETTERS THE JELLICOE NURSERY SCHOOL.

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WE have received a letter appealing for 11,200 which is necessary in order to rebuild and extend the premises of the Jellicoe Nursery School. The school has carried on excellent...

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Poetry •

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• Being But Men BEING but men, not gods, we'll need take pride In all that gives the lie to this mean state ; All moments borne beyond the common tide, All littleness of heart...

THE RELIGIOUS THOUGHT OF THE DAY.

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Extraordinary interest was shown, in the "Defence of the Faith" series of articles published in the Spectator early this year. Further articles interpreting the religious...

A Hundred Years Ago

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THE " SPECTATOR," OCTOBER 24.ru, 1829. NEWS OF THE WEEK. The topic of the week is still the East; but the scene has shifted from the East of Europe to the East of Asia, from...

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mit Sp-mat - or

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FINANCIAL SUPPLEMENT BANKING AND INSURANCE NO. 5,287.] WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCTOBER 26, 1929. [GRATIS

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Some Modern Banking Problems

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Impending Committee of. Inquiry UNLESS present appearances are misleading, banking seems likely to come very much before the public during the nextfew months. There are at...

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(BY A SCOTTISH CORRESPONDENT.)

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THE forthcoming Centenary of the Union Bank of Scotland, which will be reached in 1930, will naturally cause some attention to be focussed upon the particular area identified...

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Mechanical Banking

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Tins Mechanical Banking is all very well, and I am all for it, up to a point ; but it doesn't go far enough. Now that every stage from the handing in of the cheque to the...

The Varied Facilities of a Modern Bank

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IT is doubtful whether more than a fraction of the facilities that are offered by our great banks are known to the ordinary individual who keeps a modest private account. A...

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Choosing a Life Policy

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LIFE assurance policies are issued in great variety ; indeed, the wide choice offered is apt to bewilder the man considering the question of effecting an assurance on his life....

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Loudon: Printed by W. SPLatnit: eau Sons. LTD., 98 and

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99 Fetter Lane, E.C. 4. and Published by TEE SPECTATOR, LTD., at their Offices. No. 99 Gower Street. London. W.C. 1.—Saturday, October 26, 1929.

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There is picturesque material in the life of Henry Mordaunt,

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second Earl of Peterborough, who somehow captured Barcelona in 1705. But it cannot be said that General Ballard has made much of his opportunity in The Great Earl of...

There is much treasure to be found in Mr. Edmund

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Pearson's Omer Books (Constable, 15s.). Perhaps . the most notable discovery which Mr. Pearson made as a librarian was Mr. Edwin H. Tenny of Tennessee, the most astonishing...

Mr. Noel Buxton is a much travelled politician or a

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very political traveller, and in the charming little volume of Travels and Reflections (Allen and Unwin, 10s.) both his main interests in life are represented. Most of the ten...

." Saga " ii a Yague term . to most

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readers. it suggests, _ _ . vividly; .enough, talea. of 'Vildng savagery and heroism.- But . . . few of irs could Say; exactly; at - What period and in what cir- cumstances...

The Competition

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THE Editor offers a prize of five guineas for the best definitions of humour and wit, with an example of each. The Competition will close on Friday, November 22nd.

The Fellowship of Freedom and Reform is the somewhat grandiloquent

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title of a body partly supported by the Licensed Trade who are engaged on the commendable enterprise of im- proving our public-houses. Their pamphlet, The Improved Publie House,...

Some Books of the Week

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}tow - "just a sulky, quiet, feckless sort of boy" became the greatest of our explorers is described by Dr. R. J. Campbell in his biography Livingstone (Berm, 21s.). - Dr....

The lively interest no taken in the saints and - mystics

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of seventeenth-century France is probably due, in. part to the writings of the Abbe Bremond ; and of these saints, Francis de Sales, with his unfailing charm of _manner, his -...

(" More Books of the Week" and "General Knowledge Corn..

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petition" will be found on pages 604 and 607.)

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A• Great For eign Minister

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LORD NEWTON who earned the praise of experts by his book on a great ambassador—Lord Lyons—has now discharged the task of writing the life of a great Foreign Minister. His...

British Strategy

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British Strategy. A Study of the Application of the Principles of War. By Majer-General Sir Frederick Maurice, with an introduction by Field-Marshal Sir George Milne, Chief of...

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An All-Party Solution of Unemployment

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The Post-War Unemployment Problem. By Henry Clay, M.A. (Macmillan. 8s. 6d.) IT seems a long time ago that Sir William Harcourt exclaimed "We are all Socialists now ! " Events...

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A Discovery?

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Second Journal to Eliza. By Laurence Sterne. Edited by Margaret R. B. Shaw. (Bell. 21s.) ELEVEN years after Sterne's death two volumes were published under the title of Letters...

Irish Stories

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My Countrymen. By an Irishman. (Blackwood. 7s. 6d.) AN Englishman who reads a light book about Ireland is too apt to spoil his pleasure by a serious intention. He cannot help...

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Fiction

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Many Perspectives To the Mountains. By Anthony Bertram. (Knopf. 8s. 6d.) IT is a critic's confession of failure when he says that the charm of a book is indefinable, for a good...

New York Department Stores

The Spectator

FRANCES DoNovAN was a teacher in a large Public School in Chicago. In order to get a first-hand knowledge of the life of girls who work in department stores she spent her long...

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More Books of the Week (Contiimed from page 597.) Although

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every• man's hand is against the badger, and it owes nothing to sport (like the deer and fox, who would otherwise have vanished long ago) it has managed to fend for itself and...

In the 510th, and last, number of the Edinburgh Review

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the high standard of the contributions to which we have become accustomed is maintained to the end. Sir J. A. R. Marriott contributes a paper on "Liberty and Law" which is in...

In What is European Civilization ? (Humphrey Milford, 3s.) Dr.

The Spectator

Wilhelm Haas has given us an extremely interesting and provocative little book. He traces the course of the European genius for organization—the finding of unity in...

Among the more permanently valuable of the autumn publications are

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further instalments of two works of scholar- ship of particular interest to all students of Christian history and philosophy. The English Dominican Fathers issue the fourth...

A Forgotten Psalter (Oxford University Press, 7s. 6d.) of essays

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represents Sir Richard Terry's excursions into the various regions of church music. They are collected from a number of magazines ; some of them have been revised and amplified...

Treasure Island was the favourite reading of Princess Mary as

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a child, as it also was of the Prince of Wales. She was a better rider than her brother, she was expert at "gym.," she drank hot milk at seven in the morning, ate porridge fox...

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Mr. Henry Baerlein . has a .ityle of his own

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and. a world of his own, so naturally, when he goes In Search of Slovakia (Brentano, 7s. 6d.), he finds a Slovakia of his own. We have no quarrel with him for that. The country...

The profession of medicine is one of the most useful

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and honourable professions in communal life. It is natural, therefore, that it should have given us great men, and men of a singularly human quality. In The Harley Street...

The author of Mrs. Eddy (Scribners, 21s.) is Edwin Franden

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Dakin, not Edwin Frandon Davis, as we said in our review in the Spectator of October 19th.

General Knowledge Questions

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OUR weekly prize of one guinea for the best thirteen Questions submitted is awarded this week to the Rev. G. S.Richardson, The Vicarage, Shap, Westmorland, for the following...

It has evidently been a labour of love for Dr.

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Albert Pell to edit the Letters to -a Victorian Editor : Henry Allon (Independent Press, 12s. 6d.), and it is through no fault of his that the correspondence is on the whole...

Travel Pamphlets Reviewed

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[Owing to pressure on our space, our usual travel article has had to be held over for one week. We propose, from time to time, to notice publications sent to us by travel...

There is something breezy and pleasant about Captain Fairbairn's The

The Spectator

Narrative of a Naval Nobody, 1907-1924 (Murray, 10s. 6d.), but it really was not necessary for the author to describe St. reter's or the Acropolis or the mosque Of Sall Sophia...

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Finance-Public & Private

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Australian Credit THE sudden and unexpected advent . of the Labour Party into power in Australia has been attended by a severe decline in Australian Government stocks. These...

A Library List MISCELLANEOUS :-A Room of One's Ou:ii .

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By Virginia Woolf. (Hogarth Press. 5s.) The Great Apes. By R. M. and A. W. Yerkes. (Yale University Press. 45s.)-The Cottages of England. By B. Oliver. (Batsford. 21s.) - Wealth...

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WALL STREET LIQUIDATION.

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The explanation is to be found in the fact that the Wall Street liquidation, if continued, seems likely to effect a radical change in the international monetary situation in...

B.A. PACIFIC MEETING.

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At the meeting, held last week, of the Buenos Ayres and Pacific Railway Co., the Chairman, Viscount St. Davids, spoke hopefully with regard to the outlook, expressing the...

A GOOD REPORT.

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The Report of Joseph Lucas, Ltd., for the past year shows a further growth in profits, the total of 1247,799 for the year representing a record in the company's history and...

Financial Notes

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UNCERTAIN MARKETS. TliE influences operating upon the stock markets during the past week have been of a conflicting character, and the consideration of their nature is...

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GERMANY'S LATEST LOAN.

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Not the least interesting development of the past week has been the announcement of the manner in - which Germany has obtained her latest loan. Having regard to the extent of...