23 FEBRUARY 1929

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It follows that reforms in British India must be Con-

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ditioned to a .considerable extent by the good will of-the States. All the native rulers possess : Treaties which solemnly recognize the integrity of their Stites and promise...

On Friday, February 15th, Sir'Esme Howard, the British' Ambassador in'

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Washington, suggested that Great Iiiitain . would make another effort " before long " to bring about an agreement on naval limitation. He said that Great Britain had delayed her...

It will be noted that the reception of the Harcourt

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Report coincided with the remarkable resolution passed 'by the Chamber of Princes last week declaring their unqualified opposition to all movements in British India which aim at...

News of the Week T T has been made known by

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the India O ffi ce that the- Report of Sir Harcourt 'Butler's Committee on the position of the Indian States in relation to future reforms in British India was received at the...

EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING OFFICES : 13 York Street, Covent Garden,

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Landon, W.C. 2. — A Subicriptiori to the SPECTATOR costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of ths world. The SPECTATOR is registered as a Newspaper. The...

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Mr. Baldwin spoke of the time when the Fair might

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be the annual market of the British Commonwealth of Nations. For him the chief significance of the British Commonwealth was that throughout it there was a peace which no one...

The Prince of Wales and the Prime Minister spoke at

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a dinner at the Mansion House on Monday to celebrate the opening of the British Industries Fair in London and Birmingham. His Royal Highness began by speaking . with feeling of...

Sir Esme Howard's hint was well received in America and

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it was a little perplexing and discouraging—at least at first sight—when the Foreign Office followed up his words with an explanation which looked like a repudiation. The...

His Royal Highness went on to say that he was

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looking forward to the Report of the Committee on Salesmanship. He felt sure that the Report would insist upon the importance of personality, knowledge of the goods, know- ledge...

We hope, however, that there will be careful discrimina-- tion

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in the coming development of salesmanship. There are right and wrong methods. In America salesmanship has become inseparably allied with a far-reaching and often reckless...

The recent announcement by the Nanking Government that the revenue

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was in future to be solely the affair of the Ministry of Finance has already been challenged. The Peking correspondent of the Times says that the Wuhan Provincial Council has...

The result of the by-election in the Wansbeck Division. of

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Northumberland was announced on Thursday, February 14th Mr. G. W. Shield (Lab.) 20,398 Mr. I. M. Moffatt-Pender (Unionist) .. 9,612 Mr. H. A. Briggs (L.) .. .. 5,183 Labour...

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General Higgins, • the new General of the Salvation Army,

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has announced that he will appoint commissions to report on the future method of succession to the Generalship and on the nature of the trusteeship for the property of the Army....

The only possible cause Of regret was • the subject-

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matter of the - criticisms directed ' last week against Clause 120. This clause empowers the Minister to modify the provisions of the Act where this may be " necessary " in...

We congratulate all concerned on the inauguration of - the National

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Flying • Services Company and the Company of Air Pilots and Navigators of the British Empire, this last to be a body similar to the Honourable Company of Master Mariners. The...

The Government narrowly escaped defeat in the House of Commons

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on Tuesday, .when a Unionist revolt against the terms of compensation to the loyalists in Ireland developed alarmingly. Mr. Amery moved a Supplemen- tary Estimate to pay the...

In the House of Commons on Monday the Local Government

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Bill passed its third reading by 292 votes to 118. In the last stage of the debate the appointed leaders of the Opposition took no part, and their deputies could do no more than...

The Home Secretary has done well to write a letter

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to ex-Sergeant Josling completely exonerating him from the charges which led to his removal from the Metropolitan Police. About seven years ago Mr. Josling sent a letter to Sir...

Bank Rate, 58 per cent., changed from 41 per cent.,

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on February 7th, 1929. War Loan (5 per cent) was on Wednesday 101: ; on Wednesday week 102 ; a year ago 101)}. Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on _ Wednesday 89; on Wcdne4day...

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Co-operation in Industry

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T HE answer of the principal employers' organizations to the Report of the Melchett-Turner . Conferenee was a dire disappointment, but no one ought to run away with the idea...

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The Freedom of the Seas

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W HATEVER views may be held regarding the freedom V 1' of the seas there can be no question about its being a living issue at the present moment. That in itself means_pnagress,...

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Great Britain and Russia I T has been announced that a

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representative delega- tion of British industrialists is to visit . Moscow early in March. This is an extremely important step, which is bound to mark a decisive change in the...

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The Week in Parliament

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R. NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN obtained a third -kVA- reading for his Local Government Bill on Monday —cool, suave, precise, competent to the end. His has been a great Parliamentary...

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Philosophy and Religion

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TT may safely be said that in philosophical circles the' materialism which was somewhat confidently advo- cated in the third quarter of the nineteenth "century is completely...

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Making Two Blades Grow . . .

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A SWAMP and a shooting-lodge was all that existed two years ago at Maccarese, near the mouth of the Tiber. Now it is a rich agricultural district, employing over two thousand...

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New Verse Forms—II W E have- to g o to the United

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States for the neat and natty Rhymbel. She was born in America, but .emi g rated in early life to Australia. The new species was first noticed by The Century. It is said that...

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The Man of Hats

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T HE globe-trotter may spin his coloured yarns for ever. Let him come home with a score ,of tiger-skins and antelope heads, rarest orchids Snatched from under the very arrows of...

Music

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CHILDREN'S CONLmcni. AT a children's concert given about three years ago I remember that the opening phrase of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony was illustrated by introducing the...

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Correspondence

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A LETTER FROM EDINBURGH. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The result of the Glasgow Rectorial election, in which the Prime Minister was nearly beaten by ME. It: B....

THE INDEX TO VOLUME 141 OF THE " SPECTATOR"

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IS NOW READY. . Readers resident outside the Isles and Libraries Oversea are asked to inform the Eimer - iv:in Office in advance as to the number, of copies of the Index they...

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The Letters of the Tsar to the Tsaritsa, T914-1917

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[By arrangement with Messrs. John Lane, who - published the *complete book on. Friday, February 22nd, we are printing the last of a series of extracts from " The Letters of the...

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The League of Nations

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- The League and the Settlement of Macedonia SOME of the more enthusiastic but less discerning, supporters of the League of Nations are apt to stress the idealism of that...

Poetry

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To an Old Aristophanes THREE hundred years ago, Whose was the scholar thumh That browned - your pages sO ? - - Athens is never cblmb - To any laughter-lover Loosing your...

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HUMANE CASTING FOR JEWISH SLAUGHTER [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Sia,—Your article on this subject, in your issue of January 5th, assumes that the present (alternative) methods of casting have been proved to be inhumane, and that...

Letters to

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the Editor WHY NOT OPERATE THE SAMUEL REPORT ? - [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Whenever any action is taken in public affairs, voices are raised to declare that...

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MUST ENGLAND'S BEAUTY PERISH ?

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Siu,—The article, (Spectator, February 9) discussing this question observes that, " if there is any anxiety to preserve the natural beauty of...

THE OWL AND THE THRUSH [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Sra,—I was awakened early one - morning by angry cries from birds and on looking out of the window saw a troop of• birds driving before them across the lawn an owl....

UNEMPLOYMENT—AN OPPORTUNITY

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—May I express appreciation of your article entitled. " Unemployment—An Opportunity " in the Spectator of January 26th ? This article...

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LIGHTENING OUR DARKNESS [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—With

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regard to your interesting article " Lightening Our Darkness," dealing with Low Temperature Carbonization, February 16th, 1929, in the first place I would point out that by an...

POINTS FROM LETTERS ENGLISH UNDEFILED.

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Not long ago I heard a lecture from a Bishop (not now Diocesan) whose name and fame, in scholarship and Church- leadership, are world-wide—a philosopher to whom Mea must be a...

EMIGRATION TO CANADA [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIB, —With

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reference to the proposal which was unanimously adopted by your Aberdare Committee that we should endeav- our to organize a party of fifty young men and boys to go out from...

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A Hundred Years Ago

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In a lonely part of Lambeth, the other night, a youth had. a plaster placed upon his mouth, and was at the same time robbed of his watch and a few shillings. A mischievous...

OUR ABERDARE FUND During the past week the following donations

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have reached us, which are gratefully acknowledged . below. Our aim has now been achieved, having provided for the immediate needs of Aberdare. l e he l total amount received is...

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EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT No. 5,252.] WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1929.

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The Government's Policy

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'LIVER since the Education . Act of 1902 the nation I .4 has been trying to construct a coherent system Of secondary education, linking the elementary school with the University...

The Elementary School of To-day and its Outlook

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LOOKING back upon nearly fifty years spent as a teacher in elementary schools, one finds that the educational changes have been colossal. Lest anyone should deem this adjective...

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The Universities

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Oxford THE University began the term actively with legislation, granting a licence to a new private hall to be called St. Peter's. Opposition was forthcoming, because the new...

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London

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SIR SIDNEY RUSSELL WELLS used to be troubled when he was Vice-Chancellor of the University of London by the absence of any regulation or practice governing the wearing of...

Cambridge

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IT has been very generally recognized by the public that Cambridge is faced with the problem of raising a considerable sum of money, if it is to take advantage of the munificent...

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Wales

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THE University of Wales is at the same time a national university and a British university, steadily increasing in prestige. Like other British universities, it is a product of...

Scotland

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Tax new Local Government Bill is being regarded with some anxiety as to its effects on Scottish education. The agricultural colleges, for example, are concerned because they are...

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Parents' Responsibilities

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Difficulties in Child Development. By Mary Chadwick- (Allen and Unwin. 15s.) The Child of Circumstance. By Albert Wilson, M.D. (John Bale, Son & Danielsson. 15s.) Miss...

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Some Science Books

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Everyday Science, as its name implies, is an intimate and practical kind of book, admirably adapted to its purpose, which is to provide a general textbook for use in Secondary...

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New Histories

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European History, 1814-1878; By C. R. M. F. Cruttwell. Special Periods of History Series. (Bell. 2s.) Machiavelli and Modern Political Science. By Ernesto Grillo. (Blackie. 2s....

From King Alfred to Freud

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The Next Step in National Education. The Report of a Com- mittee. (University of London Press. 3s. 6d.) • The Next Step in National Education is a volume prepared by a...

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The Teaching of English

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PROBABLY there is no aspect of education in which a more marked advance has been made than in the teaching of English. The work of commissions and conferences during the last...

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Arithmetic

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THERE can rarely have been so entertaining or so instructive a book for teachers of arithmetic as Dr. P. B. Ballard's Teaching the Essentials of Arithmetic (University of London...

: .

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Education by Gramdphone Lecture Records of the International Educational Society, [ 91 Petty France, Westrhinster, S.W.1, published by the i l Columbia Graphophone Co. Ltd. [...

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Few people now, perhaps, read James Grant's excellent novel The

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Romance of War, but those who do or have will recall how real and lifelike a picture it draws of the Peninsular War and ultimitely of Waterloo. Captain John Kincaid's Adventures...

To criticize the work of so great a master of

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his subject as Professor Taylor would be presumptuous. His translation of the Timaeus ( Plato : Timaeus and Critias, Methuen, Os.) is published in deference to the suggestions...

In The Frequent Gun and a Little Fishing (Philip Allen,

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10s. 6d.), Mr. Patrick Chalmers gives us some thirty articles on shooting, fishing, and dogs, on the ways of keepers, sports- men, poachers and the like; Each one of these...

Some Books of the Week

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WHAT would not a historian give for an accurate and detailed. history of any English village, such as could only be given by the men and women whose names are decipherable in...

Carlyle, says Mr. Harold .Nicolson, in his preface to Miss

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Margaret Goldsmith's new book, Frederick the Great (Gollancz, 12s. 6d.), has rather spoilt the market for such subjects as the French Revolution and Frederick the Great, Carlyle...

Of all the strange countries in the world to-day there

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is none stranger than Haiti. Surrounded by the civilizations of Europe and America, this small kingdom is ruled by negroes, and there are here mysteries as deep as any that came...

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A New Competition THE Editor offers a prize of five

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guineas for the most interesting postcard answering the question, " What is the first thing you remember ? " Illegible entries will be disqualified. The Editor reserves the...

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From Dover to the Note

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THE Downs are the most famous English anchorage in song and story. At the gate of the Thames estuary they are a natural resting-place not only for vessels waiting for the...

Haldane of Cloan

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"' ABOUT the ups and down: of my career," writes Lord Haldane in his Autobiography, " I have not cared as mach as many people seem to do." Indeed, looking back upon it, " it...

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Empire and Commonwealth

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Empire and Commonwealth. By Chester Martin. (Clarendon Press. 21s.) MR. CHESTER MARTIN, Head of the Department of History in the University of Manitoba, has given us in this...

The Works of Donne John Donne : Complete Poetry and

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Selected Prose. Edited by John Hayward. (Nonesuch Press. 8s. 6d.) THERE is some difficulty in discovering why, just in our own age, Donne has so thoroughly come into his own....

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Russia from Within and Without Diary of a Communist Undergraduate.

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By N. Ognyov. Translated by Alexander Werth. (Gollancz. 7s. 6d.) The New Russia. By Dorothy Thompson. (Cape. 12s. 6d.) IT is nearly three weeks since Father died, and I am...

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The Lesser Pains of War-time

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How We Lived Then. By Mrs. C. S. Peel. (John Lane. 15s.) ONE of the most interesting chapters in Mrs. Peel's " Sketch of Social and. Domestic Life in England during the War"...

Children's Games

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The Games of Children. By Henry Bett, M. A., (Methuen. 5e.) WHAT memories do the words, " Here we come gathering nuts in May," stir in you ? Probably you - associate them with...

THE SPECTATOR.'

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Before going abroad or away from home readers are advised to place an order for the SPECTATOR. The journal will be forwarded to any address at the following rates :- One Month •...

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FiCtiOft Mixed Adventures

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Rif : an Unvarnished History. By Gordon Daviot. (Bean. is. 6c1.) , . . IT is almost a shock to find sleuths of the soul and its sins, like Miss Clemence Dane and Miss Helen...

THE DOUBLE IMAGE. By I. R. G. Hart. (Bean. 7s.

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6d. )— This likeable story is described as a " murder thriller " ; but readers who seek a shudder in it will be dis- appointed. Before the principal characters meet, the murder...

- LIKE A ROSE. By Mar g aret Peterson. (Senn. 7s. 6d.)

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—Here is a melting, luxuriously sorrowful tale of .a- - g irl with g old hair, and "- perfect limbs," and a character which, the wrapper informs u s, is a " thi ng of fr ag ile...

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Sir Charles Sedley wrote half-a-dozen of the most simple and

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charming Restoration lyrics ; lyrics of such clearness and grace that we still wonder how they were done, what is the secret of their beauty. Ile wrote, too, a number of other...

Lady Pentland's attractive memoir of her husband, The Right Honourable

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John Sinclair, Lord Pentland, G.C.S.I. (Methuen, 10s. 6d.), recalls that earnest and strenuous Liberal politician whom Sir Henry Campbell Bannerman made Secretary for Scotland...

* * * *

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An invaluable little book for the schoolroom is Teachers and World Peace (League of Nations Union, 6d.), and we wish it could also find its way into every family in Great...

More Books of the Week

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(Continued from page 287.) In the welter of well-intentioned advice now being offered to motorists on every hand, there lies the possible danger of over-emphasis on " dos " and...

* * * *

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The appearance of Common Colds : Causes and Preventive Measures, by Dr. Leonard Hill and Mr. Mark Clement (Heine- mann, 7s. 6d.), is very timely, and the book should be assured...

CORK THE CONQUEROR. By Jocelyn C. Lea. (Jarrold's. 7s. 6d.)—When

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Hiram P. Cork and his motor car fell over the seabank upon that " l'il English wild rosebud," Evelyn Waterlogge, he initiated a wild farce of metamorphosis for her stately Old...

* * * *

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We congratulate Mr. C. G. Grey most cordially on All the World's Aircraft 1928 (Sampson Low, 2 gns.), but we doubt whether he could confirm by statistics his 8laim in the...

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A Library List

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MISCELLANEOUS :-Selene of Logic. By Hegel. _Translated by W. H. Johnston and L. G. Strathers. (G. Allen and Unwin. 32s. Two volumes) On Getting There. By R. A. Knox: (Methuen...

Report of the Channel Tunnel Competition

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THE vexed question of the Channel Tunnel is obviously of gigot interest to many readers of the Spectator. Both those who wish to have the opportunity of travelling by it, and...

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Motors and Motoring

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The zo h.p. Swift Sports Saloon THE 10 h.p. Swift sports saloon is a small car which should appeal to the man or woman who wants comfort combined with economy and speed with...

General Knowledge Questions

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Out weekly prize of one guinea for the best thirteen Questions submitted is awarded this week to Mr. A. J. Lodge, Raglan House, Malvern Link, Worcs., for the following...

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Finance—Public & Private

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Newspaper and Other " Tips" NOTHING, perhaps, is more indicative of the spread of' speculative operations on the Stock Exchange on the 'part of the public than the manner in...

Financial Notes

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A FURTHER REACTION. As compared with a week ago, Most securities on the Stock Exchange have suffered a further reaction, and although at the time of writing prices in some...

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THE CHARTERED REPORT.

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Although the report of the British South Africa Company is always awaited with a certain amount of interest, and while latterly there has been greater activity in the shares,...

Following upon the previous year's fall in profits, the latest

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report of the Home and Colonial Stores shows some slight recovery, the net profit for the year being just over £454,000. The dividend of 15 per cent. and the bonus of 10 per...

RALLY IN RUBBERS.

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An exception to the general dullness of speculative markets is to be noted in the section for Rubber shares where following upon the sharp rally in the commodity prices have...

The annual report of the Provident Mutual Life Assurance Society

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published last week is an excellent one. There is expansion all along the line, and in the matter of Life Assurance policies, annual premiums showed an increase over the...

SWAN AND EDGAR PROFITS.

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Prosperity appears to continue to characterize the great West-end stores, and the preliminary statement just published by Swan and Edgar (1927) Limited, shows that for the year...

V.O.C.

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Lord Bearsted, chairman of the V.O.C. Holding Company, had a good report to place before the shar•Jiolders at the meeting held last week. Output and profits have steadily...

NEW CAPITAL ACTIVITY.

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Not the least interesting feature of the situation is that notwithstanding the setback in existing securities, the activity in new capital creations continues, a good response...

BOVRIL PROGRESS. _

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Although there was a slight decline in gross profits of Bovril, Limited, for the past year, net profits improved by £6,000 to nearly £367,000, and this improvement - was...

Not a few householders during, the prolonged spell of severe

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weather have had an increased feeling of appreciation of the comfort of gas stoves. At the recent meeting of the South Suburban Gas Company, the chairman explained to the share-...

COURTAULDS.

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In harmony with the warnings to speculators made from time to time by the chairman, the final dividend of CoUrtaiilds was at the modest rate of 10 per cent., making 15 per...

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GOOD TOBACCO PROFITS.

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The annual report of the Imperial Tobacco Company (of Great Britain and Ireland) Limited, fully bears out the favourable impression created by the recent announcement of the...

Answers to Questions on the British Army

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1. The globe with a branch of laurel on either side and motto, " Per Mare, per Terram."-2. From " solidus," a Roman gold coin, or from the French " solde " (pay) literally, "...