22 APRIL 1916

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The fall of Trebizond is unquestionably a matter of the

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very first importance, and will greatly facilitate a Russian advance towards Constantinople along the coast of the Black Sea. It is too early to say at present whether the...

It is a mistake to suppose that a diplomat in

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the position of Captain von Papen is immune from the legal consequences of his acts. Except by courtesy, immunity from prosecution only belongs to the Ambassador as was asserted...

Other influences than those of the submarine campaign are working

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in favour of the breaking off of diplomatic relations. The Grand Jury in New York have ordered the inclusion of Captain von Papen, the late German Military Attaché, among the...

NEWS OF TIIE WEEK.

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THE chief event of the week has been the Ministerial crisis. As a result of that crisis the statement which Mr. Asquith was to have made in the House of Commons on Tuesday was...

Another result of the Russian victory may be a Russian

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advance towards Baghdad. The Russian forces are already not far from the capital of Mesopotamia, and it is quite conceivable that they may be able to undertake operations in...

The chief military event of the week is the capture

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of Trebizond by the Russians, the news of which was published in London on Wednesday morning. This signal victory was obtained by the combined action of the Army of the Caucasus...

The early days of the week were marked by a

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lull in the fighting at Verdun. On Monday, however, the Germans flung themselves against the French positions with renewed vigour. Two infantry divisions composed of men...

The battle news from Italy, Salonika, and Egypt is not

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this week of special importance. From Mesopotamia it was at first distinctly good. On Saturday last we made an advance of some three miles on the right bank of the Tigris,...

Though America's final Note on the submarine warfare has not

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yet been despatched, there seems to be a very general opinion that it will be sternly worded and that the Germans will be told plainly that, unless they give guarantees against...

*** The Editor cannot undertake to return Manuscript in any

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case.

TO OUR READERS.—One of the chief ways in which our

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readers can help us to meet the Paper Famine is by informing the Newsagents, Booksellers, or Railway Bookstalls from which they are accustomed to purchase their paper that they...

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The rapid break-up of the ice in Northern waters will

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soon make the Baltie once more a live sea. If the Germans understood affairs of the sea as well as they do those of the land, they would surely make a real effort to bring the...

To this we would reply that, as their Fleet is

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in any ease so greatly inferior to ours that they cannot safely risk a trial of strength in the North Sea, a reduction of that strength does not very much matter. If you are too...

The French Senators and Deputies who have been ving-da country

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returned...to France on Monday. Their sojourn among ut has, we believe, been of real value to the caused the Allies. Their object as set forth in the statement issued by If....

General Pershing's advance has met with very little opposition, but

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to penetrate four hundred miles into so difficult a country snot a safe proceeding unless the troops guarding the lines of com- manication are numerous and well supplied. That...

Monday's Times contained a very strfldng map of the order

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of .battle of the German armies north of the Somme, to which river, as is well known, our line now extends. We see displayed, not only the troops that are in the first line, but...

Mr. Massey, the Times correspondent in Eastern Egypt, gives us

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some interesting particulars as to the way in which the defences covering the eastern side of the Suez Canal are progressing. Every one who has been through the Suez Canal knows...

On Tuesday Mr. Hughes, Primo Minister of Australia, was made

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a freeman of the City of London. He responded to the honour in a speech of _lofty eloquence, which will further add to his reputation as a spokesman of the Empire. "In this...

. The Mexican news is involved in a good deal

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of mystery. In the tzst place, there seems some ground for the belief that Villa is dead. At any rate, the agents of Carranza's Government appear to be latent on suggesting that...

When the Times correspondent comes to consider the plan which

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underlies the German concentration in the North, he refuses, in effect, to attempt a detailed answer, on the ground that we are here in the region of guesswork. Still, the...

It looks, however, as if they were going to play

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towards Russia the same naval game that they are playing towards us. They will hoard their trumps for some future event instead of playing , them boldly and at once. When the...

In the House of Lords on Tuesday Lord Milner moved

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his resolution in favour of compulsion. It afforded, he declared, the only possible way out of a mass of difficulties in which we had been landed by dealing with the recruiting...

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Mr. Henderson, President of the Board of Education and Chair-

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man of the National Advisory Committee of War Output, spent last week-end at Glasgow with the Clyde workers. The most important parts of the excellent speech which he delivered...

We should, we feel, be acting in a spirit contrary

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t3 that n hi rh inspires the signatories of the American statement if we did not show reticence in expressing our delight and admiration at the courage and wisdom of the words...

An address of sympathy with the Allies signed by five

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hundred leading men in the United States appeared in the American Press on Monday. Individual testimonies have hitherto expressed this sympathy, but they point out that the time...

Later on Mr. Henderson read a letter in which the

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President of the Board of Trade pointed out that the principal reason for the scarcity of tonnage was the part that the British Mercantile Marine had been called on to play in...

The Eurasian population of India, officially known as Anglo- Indian,

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is to be eligible for enlistment in the Imperial forces. This will be satisfactory to Lord Curzon and his advisers, who recommended a preliminary step in this direction when he...

The Foreign Office issued on Monday a statement of great

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im- portance upon the subject of American meat for Europe. In spite of a reference to the consideration of an undefined sum of money paid to the packers, we believe that the....

The signatories acknowledge their jlebt in the past to Germany

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; many of them have had the advantage of German education, and some are of German blood. But., in the interests of civilization —the highest interests of Germany herself—they...

An Old Etonian has made, through a letter to the

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Times, a strong appeal to the Governing Body of Eton, and to others who control our Public Schools. It is necessary, he says, that they should at once prepare for inevitable...

Lord Montagu of Beaulieu made an interesting and moderate speech

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at Brockenhurst last Saturday on the air service problem. The Government were doing their best, and he would not abuse them in general terms, but it was probably a case of "too...

They were satisfied that the factories were doing their utmost,

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and the earnestness and passionate feeling of the people about the common cause of England and France sent them back with the reassuring conviction that the resolve in this...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent., changed from 6 p.c. Aug.

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8th, 1911.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE SITUATION. T HEpolitical crisis which developed during the past week still oppresses the nation. Mr. Asquith's statement on compulsion and recruiting, which was to have...

THE VOLUNTEER TRAINING CORPS.

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C OMPULSIONISTS as we are, we have never denied the extraordinarily good results achieved by our voluntary system in providing us not only with an Army inspired with the best...

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FATIGUE AND EFFICIENCY.

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O NE of the very best things done by the Ministry of Munitions has been the appointment of a Committee to examine the conditions affecting the health of munition workers. This...

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THE NATION'S DEBT TO THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL.

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M R. BOLTON KING, Secretary of the Education Com- mittee of the Warwickshire County Council, has published a pamphlet, entitled The Schools and the War (W. H. Smith and Son,...

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O VER and over again we have been told that the

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present war will alter the map of Europe. This, no doubt, it will do ; but, what is perhaps even more important, it will alter not only the map of Europe, but the map of man's...

SENSITIVENESS VERSUS INDEPENDENCE.

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T HE ordinary professional man who works very hard for his living usually has little opportunity for acquaintance with what are called "public men." As a rule he does not envy...

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THE TRAVELLER: A DIALOGUE.

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DEAMATIS Paasoxis : The TRAVELLER'S Fruzzen and the Teavernrata's • PHYSICIAN. FRIEND: And so you could not stay my Traveller's steps.? Were they then so impatient for the...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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A SOLDIER'S POEM. !To eel EDITOR OF SRI " SPECTATOR...) Sta,—I have received the enclosed cutting from a friend in New Zealand. "I out these lines," she says, "out of a Napier...

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A GREAT-HEARTED SOLDIER. (To THE Emma or THE "Breen:roe.'J

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SIR, —I beg to quote an extract from the letter of a soldier in Flanders written to his parents upon the receipt of the news that his brother had been killed in action. I send...

DOING THEIR BIT.... •

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPEOTATOIL'i SIR, —The enclosed forms part of a letter from my son, a lad of eighteen years, who left his Public School as a prefect, in his eleven, &c.,...

A SOLDIER'S VIEW.

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[TO THE EDITOR 01 Till " BPECTAT01.1 Sra,—Your paper provides a moral stimulus for soldiers. To-day I read three extracts from last week's number to my men. You will be able to...

LETTERS TO CHILDREN FROM THE TRENCHES. [1.1 , -as EDITOR OP

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THE SPECTLT013.1 _ . a Sur,—Here is another letter from tine — Tohn to NUB). phels very sad just now, as she will never see again her dear 1Truileaaos.—.: who was mentioned in...

AMERICA AND THE WAR.

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[To THE EDITOR 07 TEE SPECTATOR:1 Em,—In your issue of March 18th, under "News of the Week," you state " The first meeting held in the United States since the beginning of the...

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THE LATE MR. BUSHE-FOX.

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[To THE EDITOR OR THE SPECTATOR.1 Sze,—To the kindly appreciation of your correspondent " X." (Spectator, April 8th) let it be added that, when war came upon us, Mr. Bushe-Fox...

MODERN INSTANCES FROM " FESTUS."

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[TO TIM EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] Ifm,--The Spectator gives every week such admirable articles on war subjects, and inspiring, stimulating words and quotations, that I hope...

" JARGON " IN THE ADULT SCHOOL.

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THB 'SPECTATOR."' SIR,—One of the professed aims of the Adult School is "to study the Bible frankly, freely, reverently, and without prejudice." I enclose a...

ERASMUS AND LUTHER.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR:1 SER,—Lord Cromer, in his review of M. Batiffol's book on the Renais- sance, writes : "Luther, in the words of Erasmus, 'hatched the fighting...

THE MOTOR-CYCLE.

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(To THE EDITOR OP THE " SrEcrAi0a.1 Bra,—May I respectfully take exception to your statement that the motor-cycle is "only a pleasure vehicle" ? The fact that it is often weed...

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arrangement of the lines, &c.—I am, Sir, &e., Joss: Thrrrox.

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Ember Gate, Northallerton. "Here In a Tempest of Fatague, Anxiety, and Imprecation Selfraised and prolonged thro' half an Age Foundered at Length H . . . y L Who Without...

THE NEW END HOSPITAL, HAMPSTEAD. [To THE EDITOR OF TIlE

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" SPECTATOR.") Sm,—May I through the courtesy of your columns make an appeal on behalf of the New End Hospital, Hampstead? Unlike many of the other hospitals, New End...

THE LATE MR. R. D. WILSON.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") Ern,—If you can let me have the space in these restricted days, I will ask your leave to add a few words to Mr. Tollemache's kindly...

X.

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"The Russia Company, founded in 1553 with Sebastian Cabot as Governor, was the first English Joint-Stock Company formed for foreign trading and discovery. Under its auspices Sir...

THE PREMIER'S WINNING CARD.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.") STR,—Flectere ai nequeo Superos, Acheroula movebo (Aen., VII., 312). Give poor old Dido her due. She wasn't as bad as that. In all her...

BRITISH GIFT TO RUSSIA. •

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.[To TRH EDITOR OF TUE "SPECTATOR.") Sin,—The 'SIMMER of the Anglo-Russian Hospital in Petrograd, fop which an appeal was issued eight months ago, has more than justified the...

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BOOKS.

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A FORGOTTEN 44ArgRICAN.• Tau Industry and patriotism of Professor Wallace, of Wollord College, have enabled him to unearth from the records of the eighteenth century the...

POETRY.

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DEVANT LE SgPULCREJ oBscaose they have taken away my Lord, and I do not kno* whore they have late Ulm." Ls vent murmurs dans lea .buissons Du jardin do Joseph d'Arimathie, 11...

NOTICE.—When " Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's

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name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communi- cated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the...

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THE REMINISCENCES OF AN AMATEUR.* Musican criticism in this country

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has owed much to the amateur. The best survey of the progress of musical taste in England between 1780 and 1830 is to be found in the Reminiscences of the "Old Amateur"—Lord...

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THE NEW LETTERS OF GRAY AND WALPOLE.* " Fieldward some

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remnants of their lore Went with me, as the rhymes of Gray Annealed the heart of Wolfe for war, When drifting on his starlit way." THERE are few poems better worth turning to...

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IN SLUMS AND SOCIETY.*

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Ca . sorr ADDERLEY has hardly, till now, accustomed us to his ecclesiastical title, but after the appearance of In Slums and Society there can be no further difficulty on this...

BISHOP JOHN WORDSWORTH.*

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Jona Wonnswonm was the son and grandson of men of high distinction In their University. His grandfather was Master of Trinity College, Cambridge. His father was a Fellow of the...

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The Bent Twig. By Dorothy Canfield. (Constable and Co.

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We cannot praise too highly the careful and ingenious energy which /Ilse Canfield brings to her writing. This novel is exceedingly long, yet every paragraph is honestly dealt...

The Tropics. By C. R. Enock. (Grant Richards. 16s. net.)—Mr.

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Enock does not tell us here how many tropical countries he has visited himself, but we know from former writings that ho has first-he.n.1 knowledge, at any rate, of South...

SOME BOOKS OF THE • WEEK.

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[Nottee in this column due )10: neezestrili pretclab eu5sairmal rericel The Second Report of the War Victims' Relief Committee of the Society of Friends (Spottiswoode and Co.)...

FICTION.

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A CA1HEDRAL SINGER.* WE owe so much to Mr. James Lane Allen for his Kentucky studies, and for the idealism and poetical insight of his work in general, that it is an ungrateful...

READABLI: NOVEL9.—The Devil Doctor. By Sax Rohmer. (Methuen and Co.

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624—Further adventures in which the mysterious Dr. Fu- Manchu is the villain of the piece.—The Web of Frdulein. By Katha- rine Tynan. (Hodder and Stoughton. 6s.)—Not a spy...

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The How and Why of the Hay Box. By Annie

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Ilawkins.—Poullry without Capital. By the Hon. Mrs. Lionel Guest. (The Central Committee for National Patriotic Organizations. Id. each.)—The hay box is fast becoming a...

Private 7664. By Edward Smith. (R.T.S. Bd. net.)—Private Joseph Cox

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of the Worcesters, killed in action in October, 1914, belonged to that gallant band of men who, faced with the temptations that beset men in the Army, yet have the strength to...