21 FEBRUARY 1925

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The Allied Governments hai = r at last received the full Report

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of the Commission of Military Control in Germany. We trust that there will be no further-unnecessary delay of any sort in making clear our intentions about evacua.- flout. The...

EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING OFFICES : 13 York Street, COMM: Garden,

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London, W. C. 2. — A Subscription to The "Spectator" costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage to any part of (hi world. The Postage on this issue is: Inland, Id.;...

It must be remembered that the State is in a

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peculiar -position with reference to the trade unions. It has not left them alone, as though they were groups of employers joined together in entirely free and independent...

NEWS OF THE WEEK

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D EEP interest, mingled with anxiety, though all that is happening is behind the scenes at present, is being taken in Parliament about the Private Member's Bill for dealing with...

There is no doubt that there is a widespread feeling

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among trade 'unionists themselves that the political-levy • has been the means of imposing the wishes of the few on the 'many. Wig this feeling that should be made use of. There...

We cannot believe that the Government, who have the ball

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at their feet, will be so foolish as wantonly to provoke an entirely superfluous enmity either by sup- porting a Bill which will at once be labelled as " anti- Labour " or by...

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There is another point of disagreement between the interim and

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the final Reports. In December the Commis- sioners wrote of the possibility of an entire reconstruction of the piers. They rejected that sch eme not because it was impossible in...

The first full-dress debate in the resumed session of Parliament

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was on Mr. MacDonald's motion opposing the Safeguarding of Industries policy as outlined in the recent White Paper. The .debate was not a very import. ant one, though Mr....

In France M. Herriot is immersed in financial problems. The

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franc has begun to slide again and is once more past the ninety mark. On the other hand, there seems to be complete agreement between all parties that - in no circumstances can...

However, M. Loucheur seems to be thoroughly optim- istic, and

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says. his only fear is that the franc will rise too fast ! It is interesting to notice, however, that his only real suggestion for bringing this about is for the Treasury to...

The full Report of the experts appointed by the Dean

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and Chapter of St. Paul's to inquire into the safety of the Cathedral has - been -published. It- is a -careful statement and it deserves the respect-which is due- to the opinion...

The' Radio Association. also fears that the present Bill would

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act as a restraint on amateur research workers with home-made sets, and it trusts that these people will be safeguarded. These objections- seem to us • in' the main reasonable,...

The Times of Monday and Tuesday published two interesting, but

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not very elucidating, accounts of the situation in China from its Peking correspondent. It seems that the present Chinese Government, under the dictator- ship of Marshal Tuan...

The Postmaster-General has in.roduced a Wireless Telegraphy Signalling Bill into

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the House of Commons. _This measure would gi,-e him very extended powers for the enforcement of the licensing regulations to listeners. Heavy penalties are proposed for anyone...

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Tuesday's papers contain an announcement of high importance made by

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The Commonwealth Fund (1 East 57th Street, New York). That Fund is establishing " twenty Annual Fellowships at American Universities for British graduate students." The details...

Bank Rate, 4 per cent., changed from 3 per cent.

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July 5th, 192/1 5 per rent. War Loan was on Thursday, 101 & ; Thursday week, 101i ; a year ago, 1001 r . 81 per cent.- Conversion Loan was on Thursday, 79 f i r Thursday week,...

The Commonwealth Fund was established. in 1918 by Mrs. Stephen

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Harkness; who has made several gifts; amounting in all - to some £6,000,000 sterling. In her initial instruction she used words which show- a real greatness of mind. Her gift...

Mr. Gilligan's cricketers in Australia have earned our hearty congratulations

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by the very handsome manner in which they beat the Australians in the last Test match by an innings and twenty-nine runs. The game was not nearly so exciting as at least two of...

Herr Flettner's . rotor ship has crossed the North Sea

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with a, cargo and arrived at Leith on Tuesday. Most inte- resting reports of the. passage have been sent by wireless by a correspondent of the Manchester Guardian who was on...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY

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AN OPEN LETTER TO MIL BALDWIN S in,—The good sense and good feeling which are your prerogatives will, I am sure, prevent you from thinking that this manner of addressing you...

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THE TRADE UNION POLITICAL LEVY

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I T is not surprising that a large number of M.P.s, both Conservatives and Liberals, intend to push once more a Bill for amending the Trade Unions Act of 1913 in the present...

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WATERLOO BRIDGE

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HE important Report by the London County Council Special Committee on Thames Bridges has hardly had justice done to it in the newspapers. It is an impres- sive document ; the...

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A - year's 'subscription to the SPECTATOR, costing only 30s., makes

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an. ideal present for an. absent friend. For this sum the paper- will ,be-forwarded to any-.address in the - world. "Apply Manager, the. 'SPECTATOR, 13 York Street, Covent...

THE WEEK IN- PARLIAMENT

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By " NEW MEMBER." T WO announcements of the first importance, which have not received the attention they deserved, were made by Ministers in the House of Commons last week....

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11"01IEN G 0 VERN ORS IN AMERICA

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By FRANK IL KENT. I T is not always safe to judge political situations from surface facts. Very often the facts can be wholly misleading. Take, for instance, the recent...

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STEEL HOUSES

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[A representative of the Spectator inspected the steel house which has been erected at Tooting,.the first in the London area.] T HERE is something rather strange and eerie...

WHITE WOMEN IN THE AUSTRALIAN TROPICS

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" C AN white women make homes and rear families in the tropical parts of Northern Australia ? " "They can, and they have," is perhaps the best answer to this oft repeated...

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MR. SHAW AND IMMORTALITY

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" Those are pearls which were his eyes." T HE plays of Mr. George Bernard Shaw are at the present day perhaps nowhere so little performed as in London. It is therefore almost...

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OIL ON THE WATERS

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T "pollution of the waters of the sea that girdlesBritain has gone further than the most highly exaggerated of all the lamentations suggests. Wherever we go down to the sea on...

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ART

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MEDALS FROM THE MINT THE recent batch of medals, which the Mint have given me an opportunity of examining, show appreciable progress towards a higher standard of artistic...

The Editor cannot accept responsibility for any article, poems, or

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letters submitted to him, but when stamped and addressed envelopes are sent he will do his best to return contributions in case of rejection.

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'THE POLITICAL LEVY IN TRADE UNIONS [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Many of your readers will read with interest and regret the view you express on this subject under the head of News of the Week • in the issue of the...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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THE EPILOGUE TO " ST. JOAN ". [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin, —I need not say anything about Mrs. Kimball's complaint in your issue of January 31st (which has reached...

THE CINEMA

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SATIRE AND HISTORY OE superficial morality the cinema exhibits overmuch : there is happily none in Forbidden Paradise, a new film at the London Pavilion produced by the...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—May I give you

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another playgoer's impressions of the epilogue to St. Joan ? I read the play three times before I saw it, and each time, in the bodiles - sness of print, was enchanted with the...

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THE POST OFFICE AND THE TREASURY

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—For more years than I like to think I have asked, " Why not treat the Post Office as a business proposition ? " When the Spectator takes...

THE CARLISLE SCHEME

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The great majority of English men and women devoutly hope that the red dawn of revolution is very far from rising over this island. But if...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sui.,—As one who has

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been in the thick of the fight, in company with that veteran protagonist of bread and flour reform, to which she has devoted her life, Miss May Yates, from the days of the...

AMERICAN REPUDIATED LOANS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—My grandfather possessed many worthless bonds for loans to American States, repudiated after the Union. I always understood these were...

THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF PORTRAIT PAINTERS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] is unfortunate that the critic of painting in a literary journal has of necessity to be a literary man, with results that can hardly be...

FROM AN INDIAN READER

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Need I say how much those of Indians who believe in the Indo-British connexion appreciate your paper and its policy31—I am, Sir, &e.,...

REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—Much is being said and written about workmen's houses and factories ; but I have seen no reference to an experiment that seems to me the...

WHOLEMEAL AND OTHER BREAD

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Some years ago wholemeal bread was introduced at a large Public School and was given up after a term or two because the boys preferred...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,-- I get pure wholemeal flour very simply—by giving the -village carpenter some wheat which he -grinds as fine as powder with pus-little engine. One can buy no flour under

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, - - May

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I take up a little of your valuable space and tell your readers that most excellent wholemeal bread can be made very easily at home by even a novice at cooking with the coarse...

AN APPEAL

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The best results in social reform are obtained by con- structive individual work. Will one of your readers who knows the blessedness of...

POLISHED RICE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—A friend of mine, on learning that Eastern peoples live so very largely upon rice, has been giving it frequently to her family in the...

ONE RESULT OF THE FOGS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Srit,- 7 --The Daily Mail on January 13th informed us that elaborate schemes arc in progress in the Zoo to protect tropical birds and snakes...

A HOUSE ASSISTANTS' CENTRE

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• [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Ifaving followed with much interest the letters contri- buted to your columns by " Ann Pope," I write to say that if the project of the...

THEIR MASTER'S FACE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Spa,—I think some of your readers may be interested by the following story. On the morning of Saturday, January 17th, I received a framed...

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A SPORTING CHANCE FOR THE FOX

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[To the Editor of the SrEer.vroal Sin,—The week-end newspapers refer to the recent adventures of a hunted fox. After being hunted for fifteen miles by the Cowdray Hounds, the...

POETRY

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THAMES VALLEY IN WINTER THE sleeping earth around her breathes This winter-veil of mist that wreathes Her lowland Thames ; in sleep profound She lets her leaves fall and her...

" NEW MEDALS FOR OLD "

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The article in your issue for January 31st, entitled " New Medals for Old," refers to certain activities of the Royal Mint which are at...

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BOOKS OF THE MOMENT

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POETRY IN BIG TYPE 'COPYRIGHT IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY THE New York Times.] Thomas Gray ; Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College, 1747. (3s. 6d. net.) William...

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SECOND COMPETITION

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THE EDITOR OFFERS A PRIZE OF £5 FOR AN EPITAPH IN NOT MORE THAN SIX LINES OF VERSE OR SIXTY WORDS OF PROSE ON "AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFRICANUS," THE SO- CALLED APE-MAN. READERS who...

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THE FABLE OF THE BEES

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BERNARD MANDEVILLE, a Dutchman, living in the seventeenth century, considered human nature to be fundamentally wicked. Man " in a state of nature " is a headstrong, selfish and...

Miss Amy Lowell's biography of John Keats has been long

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awaited : it is now published in two volumes by Messrs. Cape. They arc fat volumes, impressive and rather sobering ; as we turn the pages, fact upon fact meets our eyes. The...

The Casanova Society publishes a new translation of the works

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of Charles Baudelaire, by Mr. Arthur Symons. The Best Poems of 1924, selected by Mr. Thomas Moult, is sent to us by Messrs. Cape. Something seems to have discouraged our younger...

Messrs. Dent issue a cheap edition of the Letters from

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W. II. Hudson to Edward Garnett, and Mr. Garnett has seized the opportunity to deal severely in a new preface with all the critics who found any fault in Hudson. " Critics of...

BOOKS

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THIS WEEK'S BOOKS Miss Eam \ COLDAIAN is one of the most famous of anarchists, one of t he most idealistic of revolutionaries, a true follower of Prince Kropotkin. When she was...

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THE OLD ENGLISH GARDENING BOOKS

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The Old English Gardening Books. By Eleanour Sinclair • Rolide. New Aldine Library. (Hopkinson. 15s.) WE are always trying - to reach back to cur forbears ; to realize that...

IBANEZ ATTACKS KING ALFONSO

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THIS is not an important book. It is neither a weighty, fully documented treatise on contemporary Spanish history, nor yet an incisive, withering pamphlet containing " 'orrible...

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CURRENT LITERATURE

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Tr big schoolchildren can often translate idioms with astonish- ing fluency, we all know the ephemeral nature of such know- ledge : the number of educated Englishmen and women...

The SPECTATOR should be on sale at all Railway Book-

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stalls and at most newsagents, and, except for a few isolated and distant areas, should be available on Friday. The Publisher would be grateful if readers would bring to his...

A CENSORIOUS VILLAIN

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Memoirs of Stephen Burroughs. Preface by Robert Frost. (Jonathan Cape. 12s. 6d.) THE memoirs of this great American rogue were first published in 1811 while he was still alive....

PERILS OF THE SEA

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Is Peril of the Sea, Mr. Lockhart has given an account, as far as possible from the most trustworthy sources, and without padding or purple patches, of the most notorious sea...

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SHORT articles on the economical and physiological aspects of the

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drink problem, mostly culled from publications of the year, and adorned with admonitory cartoons.

To the minute observer the eighteenth century seems more and

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more the age of unreason. Dr. Reed gives us a treasure of bewildering material admirably marshalled. Her main object is to trace the development of literary melancholy from...

FICTION

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TRUTH AND SENSATION The Little Karoo. By Pauline Smith. (Cape. 43. 61. net.) Harvest in Poland comes very near to being a good novel— in any sense, good. The book is so crowded...

VISUAL EDUCATION : a Comparative Study of Motion Pictures and

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Other Methods of Instruction. Edited by Frank N. Freeman. (Chicago University Press. t3.50.) THERE is a general impression among serious cinema-goers that the moving picture...

TIIE pleasure of reading these reminiscences comes from the honesty

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and kindliness of the author's nature. She has been engaged in " good works " from her youth—in missions, hospitals, churches, boys' clubs, girls' clubs, everywhere ; but there...

THE most rabid anti-Prohibitionist could not help respecting the writer

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of this earnest and gentle plea for abstinence. Dr. Hime is never spiteful to his opponents, nor does he write from a peak of righteousness. After a life of moderate drinking he...

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A well-known municipal authority has been heard to remark that

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a single volume of L.C.C. " minutes of proceedings " was more interesting than any novel he had ever read. Be that as it may, Mr. Tiptaft has certainly managed to write a very...

FINANCE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE

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THE FALL IN THE FRANC By ARTHUR W. KIDDY A FEW weeks ago, when speaking in the provinces on the subject of the Gold Standard, I expressed the opinion that one effect of our...

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FINANCIAL NOTES

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CENTRAL BANKING. In view of the importance which attaches nowadays to co-operation between the Central Banks in various countries and in particular as regards the Central Banks...