20 SEPTEMBER 1890

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An unpleasant excitement has been created by a telegram from

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Zanzibar to the Times declaring that the German Com- missioner in East Africa had issued a proclamation authorising the sale of slaves in German territory. A German official was...

*** The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

Lisbon is in commotion, the Progressists and Republicans making common

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cause against the Convention with Great Britain as too unfavourable to Portugal. Lord Salisbury has consented to give up the clause preventing any transfer of new African...

We have mentioned elsewhere several instances of an apparent change

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in the popular temper, and may add here that on the 17th inst. the Tipperary Town Com- missioners unanimously resolved to request Mr. Dillon and Mr. O'Brien, "as the leaders...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE Government of Ireland has arrested Mr. Dillon, Mr. O'Brien, and three other less important Members of Par- liament, charging them with "taking part in a criminal con-...

Europe has been interested this week, rather than dis- turbed,

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by a " revolution " in Canton Ticino. Whenever 7,000 electors in that Canton demand it. the Government " may " refer the question of a revised Constitution to the popular vote....

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The proposal to construct a Birmingham Ship Canal has been

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revived in real earnest, and the Times of Monday gives a detailed account of the route which has finally been decided on. Instead of striking for the Severn, which was the old...

The accounts of the use of smokeless powders at the

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French and Austrian manceuvres show that something approaching a revolution in the art of war will be effected by this latest mili- tary invention. The Times' correspondent,...

The rising is of some importance to Switzerland itself, as

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it has revived the old bitterness of Ultramontane feeling. Seven of the Cantons are under Ultramontane Governments, and they, with the whole Conservative Party, insist that...

The German Emperor and the Emperor of Austria met on

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the 17th inst. at Roluastock, a castle on the Bohemian frontier of Silesia, nominally to see each other and inspect some military manceuvres. The German Chancellor, how- ever,...

The Standard correspondent at St. Petersburg, in a telegram published

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on Tuesday, gives some curious information as to the pressure of the Chinese upon neighbouring States. Their rapid colonisation of the Amur and of South Ussuria is beginning to...

At the opening of the Queensland Parliament on Monday, the

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Premier, Sir Samuel Griffith, announced that the Govern- ment intended to propose the division of the Colony "into three provinces with large autonomous powers, with a Central...

On Monday, the work of removing the rocks of the

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Iron Gates—the huge submerged cliffs which block the navigation of the Danube, and form a series of almost impassable rapids —was inaugurated near Greben, the Greben Rock...

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If a paragraph in Wednesday's Times is not based on

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some misapprehension or miscalculation, we are on the eve of a total revolution in light vehicular locomotion. It is said that a new form of electrical generator and motor has...

The weather for the past three weeks has been wonderful

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all over Europe,—cloudless skies, pleasant breezes, and a high thermometer. We have enjoyed, in fact, a September summer, to the immense benefit of agriculturists and...

The strike-fever still lasts in Australia. The workmen there are

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better off than any in the world, but they are possessed with the idea that they owe their prosperity to the Unions. Because, therefore, the shipowners are fighting the Sea-...

The African Diamond Fields Advertiser, quoted in the Times of

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Thursday, contains a thrilling account of a scene witnessed after all the animals of a menagerie had been let loose—at night apparently—by some person who had a grudge...

The New York Nation tells a curious story a, propos

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of the "spoils " system. The post of letter-carrier in aWestern city was wanted by a Republican Congressman for a political supporter. Accordingly, a very respectable postman of...

The special correspondent of the Times at Constantinople admits that

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the Armenian patriotic societies expect an insur- rection, but is hopeless of any result from their efforts or any other. He admits the grievances of the Armenians, and the...

Bank Rate, 4 per cent.

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New Consols (2f) were on Friday 95.1 to 95th.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE POSSIBILITY OF REACTION IN IRELAND. H AS the beginning of the end arrived in Ireland ? We shall not answer the question, for long experience has taught us that, in Irish...

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THE MEETING OF THE EMPERORS.

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T HE cordial embrace of the two Emperors who rule German peoples, which occurred at Rohnstock, in Silesia, on Wednesday, registers publicly the complete success of one of the...

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THE AUSTRALIAN STRIKES.

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latest news from Melbourne shows that the IP - working men of Australia have become possessed of the notion that they can get the better of their employers by proclaiming a...

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THE OUTBREAK IN SWITZERLAND. fl AVE not some of our Unionist

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contemporaries missed the best lesson which Englishmen may derive from the Ticino "revolution"? They exult, or seem to exult, in the evidence thus afforded that Federalism does...

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THE DEVELOPMENT OF AFRICA. T HE Times' correspondent who is accompanying

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the British South Africa Company's expedition into Mashonaland—an expedition undertaken for the purpose of exploration and occupation—has begun a series of letters which...

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THE WESTERN CROFTERS. T HE energy of the Commission appointed last

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December to inquire into the state of the population of the Western Islands of Scotland, will at any rate save them from the reproach of Johnson, that would-be reformers of the...

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HOME-RULE AS IT IS. T HE great political controversy of the

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hour would make considerable progress towards that simplification which is the first necessity of controversy, if each side would put in clear language its answer to the...

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DUELLING WITH LIMITED LIABILITY. T HE epidemic of duelling provoked by

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the Boulangist revelations has stirred M. Jules Simon into public protest; and as, partly from his character and partly from his great age, he occupies in French society a kind...

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THE IMAGINATION AND ITS DEVELOPMENT..

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M R. ALDERMAN BAILEY, in an address to a body of engineering students at Manchester, has been telling his hearers, and telling them very rightly, that they ought to cultivate...

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THE PLAINT OF THE UNMARRIED.

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W E have repeatedly expressed our admiration of the dexterity with which the Daily Telegraph provides itself with material during that dry and thirsty period when the dearth of...

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CORRESPONDENCE.

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who possess them are either foolishly ignorant of, or do not estimate at their true value. This is scarcely true, however, in one way, for there is no want of self-estimation in...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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DR. LIDDON AND LIBERALISM. [To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTAFORn Sin,—Most persons who knew anything of Dr. Liddon must be astonished to hear him styled a "Liberal," merely on...

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IS THERE A BREAK IN MENTAL EVOLUTION F

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR, — With reference to the article in - the Spectator of September 13th on my paper (with the above title) read at Leeds, may I be...

THE PRIVATE SOLDIER.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."' SIB, —I came back an hour ago from the Military Exhibition at Chelsea Hospital. What a sight it is ! Doubtless nine- tenths of the things...

THE SEAT OF AUTHORITY.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] Cheetham, in his interesting letter, has traced the source of the subjective basis of authority to Coleridge. But. Luther long before...

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR.")

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SIR,—Yon have an article on "the intrusion of the ghost- idea," founded on Lady Welby's paper read at the British Association, and in reading it I am struck by a remarkable...

AMERICANS IN IRELAND.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR.] Six,—" The enthusiasm of Americans for the shrines of our common past" sometimes carries them too far. It was stated at a recent meeting of...

IRISH TENANTS' "IMPROVEMENTS."

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR. " . 1 SIR,—Mr. Saunders, in his "Plea for the Plan of Cam- paign," in the Spectator of September 13th, states as though it were an...

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BOOKS.

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"THE IMITATION OF CHRIST : " A NEW TRANSLATION.* WHEN Canon Liddon says that he cannot doubt "that The Imitation of Christ, now for the first time offered to English readers in...

THE EPITAPH ON COPERNICUS.

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[TO THZ EDITOR OF TH2 " SPECTATOR."] Sin,—The Sapphic stanza on the tomb of Copernicus, quoted from Hettinger in the Spectator of September 13th, albeit containing two false...

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PLAYS AND POEMS BY M. DE BORNIER.* THE author of

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Mahamet is well known in France, though little known in England, as a dramatic poet. His first success, as far as we know, was gained at the Theittre Francais with Agamemnon, a...

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MR. TOZER'S "ISLANDS OF THE lEGEAN."* So little is Imown,

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or rather, so little is generally read of the islands of the lEgean Sea, that the appearance in a popular form of a work so thorough and so interesting as Mr. Tozer's should be...

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SCOTLAND AS A NATION.*

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Ma. MACKINTOSH has done such good historical work of its kind, that it is with some regret we express considerable disappointment with the volume on Scotland that he has...

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MR. J. A. SYMONDS'S ESSAYS.*

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Mn. SYMONDS has passed, he tells us in his preface, twelve years in the isolation of an Alpine retreat. He thinks, there- fore, that he may have acquired a mystical habit of...

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THE RAILWAYS OF AMERICA.* THE railway systems of the United

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States, which make up a total of over 150,000 miles, are, indeed, a cause for wonder, and this vast figure will not be likely to modify the popular belief that American railways...

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CURRENT LITERATURE.

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The Scientific Education of Dogs for the Gun. By "H. H." (Sampson Low and Co.)—This is a volume which should have a. special interest at this time, when the shooting season is...

Two False Moves. By Jean Middlemass. 3 vols. (F. V.

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White and Co.)—This latest book from the pen of Miss Middlemass will be found readable enough by the ordinary uncritical novel- devourer, for it is lively, and it contains...

Through Romany Song - Land. By Laura Alexandrine Smith. (David Stott.)—This is

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both an enthusiastically and a gracefully written little book, and almost justifies the belief expressed in the introduction, that "we must go to the Romany tents if we want to...

Brayhard. By F. M. Allen. (Ward and Downey.)—The author of

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"Through Green Glasses" and "The Voyage of the Ark" has not improved upon his former works. Brayhard is not a par- ticularly amusing hook; sometimes it is even a very dull one....

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Aspects of the Earth : a Popular Account of Boone

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Familiar Geological Phenomena. By N. S. Shaler, Professor of Geology in Harvard University. Illustrated. (Smith, Elder, and Co.)—This excellently illustrated volume may as...

"Great Writers :" Life of Lord Byron. By the Hon.

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Roden Noel. (Walter Scott.)—The praise at one time awarded to Byron as a poet was perhaps as excessive as Mr. Swinbiume's recent depreciation of his poetical genius. His ear...

Bin Gottesurtheil. Roman von Elizabeth Werner. Zweite Auflage. (Richter und

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Kappler, Mfinchen.)—This is a readable tale, in " easy " German, quite suitable for girls just coming out of the schoolroom. As a novel, it is not of very high rank, and the...

Book Prices - Current. Vol. III. (Elliot Stock.)—This record of the prices

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at which books have been sold by auction from December, 1888, to November, 1889, will be scanned with much interest and curiosity by the book-buyer. In these latter days his...

The Garden : as Considered in Literature by certain Polite

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Writers. Edited by Walter Howe. With Portrait of W. Kent. "Knicker- bocker Nuggets." (G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York and London.)— We are told that these little books are...

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not announced as such; neither, according to a bad and

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increasingly prevalent habit, is it dated, or any clue afforded to the time of its composition or publication, save by its references to various works on the same subject. The...