20 FEBRUARY 1904

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Turning to what had , been accomplished, Lord Lansdowne pointed to

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the disbanding of the Turkish Irregulars, the appointment of the two European Assessors, and, above all, the reorganisation of the gendarmerie under General di Giorgis, whose...

Replying to Lord Newton's appeal for further papers on the

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Macedonian question, Lord Lansdowne made an im- portant statement in the House of Lords on Monday. While dissociating himself from Lord Newton (and therefore from the Premier)...

Mr. Hay, on behalf of the American Government, has made

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a most important proposition to the Powers interested in China. With a view to localising and limiting the area of hostilities, preventing disturbance among the Chinese, and...

On land nothing of moment has as yet been done

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by either side, but the statements as to Russia's intended movements are most ominous. It is reported, for example, that Admiral Alexeieff intends to leave Port Arthur, and to...

S INCE we last wrote there has been no sensational action

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in the theatre of war, but the drift of events has been steadily in favour of the Japanese. So considerable, indeed, has been the total naval loss inflicted on Russia that Japan...

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Lord Lansdowne's optimism was not borne out by Thursday's news

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from the Near East. According to Consular despatches received at Constantinople early in the week, the Albanians in the Jakova district are in open revolt, and serious...

We are glad to note that the Cape elections have

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re- sulted in the return of the Progressives with a clear majority of 5, which would correspond to a majority of 35 in the House of Commons. It is considered possible that the...

The fiscal debate in the Commons closed on Monday in

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a division in which the Government majority fell to 51 (327 to 276),—an astonishing diminution when we remember that before Mr. Chamberlain by his rashness, and the Government...

The Free-trade Unionists with courage sufficient to think of the

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higher interests of the Empire rather than of their personal position proved in the division more numerous than was expected. Twenty-seven voted for Mr. Morley's amend- ment,...

The result of the Mid-Herts election, which was declared on

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Saturday last, is the greatest electoral triumph yet achieved for Free-trade. The Free-trade candidate, Mr. Bamford Slack, won the seat by a majority of 132, whereas Mr. Vicary...

The speech of the Commonwealth Premier at a Con- ference

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of Treasurers of the Australian States, reported in Thursday's Times, is a timely protest against the foolhardy Labour policy which would ruin the Colony by its ex- clusiveness....

Mr. Asquith's speech showed the very great mastery he has

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obtained over the details of the fiscal question. Very con- vincing was his defence of factory legislation as increasing, not decreasing, the efficiency of the workmen, and so...

The Government speakers in the debate were Mr. Wyndham and

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Mr. Akers-Douglas. Mr. Wyndham confined himself to a spirited defence of the policy of regaining freedom of action for our Government in their dealings with foreign States. But...

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It was officially announced on Tuesday that, in consequence of

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the abolition of the office of Commander-in-Chief, Lord Roberts had retired from the War Office, but that, "at the special request of the Prime Minister," he had "consented to...

Lord Salisbury, in speaking for the Government, went verbally a

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good way in favour of Free-trade, but there was no clear and honest denunciation of Mr. Chamberlain's schemes such as we certainly might expect if the Cabinet were really...

The Closure having been moved at 12 o'clock, a division

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was taken on the amendment, when 230 voted for and 281 against, giving the Government a majority of 51. An analysis of the division reveals the significant fact that although...

A fiscal debate was begun in the House of Lords

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on Thursday by Lord Crewe, who was witty and entertaining as well as sound in argument. He noted how perfunctorily Mr. Chamberlain's policy was defended. " Now, whenever the...

The debate was resumed on Wednesday, when the majority of

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speakers spoke in favour of the amendment. Mr. C. Seely made a strong point when he claimed that, in view of the fact that the Chinese Minister had suggested certain alterations...

On Tuesday Mr. Herbert Samuel moved the Anti-Chinese labour amendment

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to the Address. The policy, he held, was objectionable in that it excluded white labour, retarded federation, and would demoralise the Transvaal. Major Seely, who seconded the...

Bank Rate, 4 per cent.

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Consols (24 per cent.) were on Friday 861.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE POSITION OF THE UNIONIST PARTY. " V ARUS, Varna, give me back my legions!" If we can imagine Lord Salisbury revisiting the world and looking on once more at the political...

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THE TEACHINGS OF THE WAR.

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Q INCE we last wrote there has been little visible LI action in the vast theatre of war which stretches from Vladivostok to Port Arthur. We only know that Japan is pouring her...

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of affairs in the Congo State is not pleasant reading.

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For some years Englishmen have felt considerable un- easiness at the reports of misgovernment and barbarities in Central Africa, partly from those general feelings of humanity...

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AT the lowest the results of the recent Cape elections con-

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stitute a, relief from grave anxiety to all who are con- cerned for the tranquil consolidation of South Africa under the British flag. At the highest—if, that is to say, they...

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MACEDONIA IN THE LORDS.

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W E wish we could share the satisfaction with which Lord Spencer regards the debate in the House of Lords on Monday. Unfortunately there is a tinge of exaggeration in his...

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COMPASSION.

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Nv HAT is the essential difference between good people and bad ? Many students of human nature would reply in the present day that there is no essential distinction. This...

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THE CITIZEN EXILED.

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No doubt the captains of the great liners could give on this point some very interesting information. It must often have happened that a liner approaching a port has passed...

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MOBILITY AND BRAINS.

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A MONG marine animals are a very large number of creatures so little interesting when grown up that they might very well pass for smooth lumpy cactuses. They have no eyes or...

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CANON AINGER.

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[TO THY EDITOR OF TH8 "SPECTATOR:] [TO THY EDITOR OF TH8 "SPECTATOR:] Sin, — There must be many who feel that by the death of Canon Ainger the world is made poorer. I desire to...

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LTD TIM EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."]

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SIR,—Two leading articles in your issue of February 13th, although they deal with apparently unconnected subjects, suggest (to my mind) a consideration hitherto untouched upon...

CHINESE LABOUR IN THE TRANSVAAL.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] Six,—There are one or two points on this question on which I am unable to see that your reasoning in the Spectator of February 13th is...

[TO THE Eniroit OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIP, — The lessons of the

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hitherto brief conflict between Russia and Japan are an emphatic warning to the British Government. The naval forces of a colossal Power have been practically annihilated by a...

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THE TRACTARIAN MOVEMENT AND MISS YONGE'S "HEIR OF REDCLYFFE."

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR, — Mr. Paul in his "History of Modern England," Vol. I., p. 16, says of the Tractarian Movement that it was "clerical in its origin,...

THE OVER-REPRESENTATION OF HOME-RULE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—I am one of your readers who remembers that you have " urged again and again during the past ten years the imperative need that exists...

TENNYSON AND THE MO'ALLAKAT.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—With regard to the reference to Sir Charles Lyall's translation of the " " in your review of Mr•. Blunt's version of those poems in...

WHEN WE SAVED CHINA.

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—With reference to the letter from Mr. Adkins in your last issue, will you allow me to say that I cannot for the moment lay my hand on...

GREEK AT OXFORD.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR, — I read in your "News of the Week" (February 13th) that "Congregation at Oxford decided on Tuesday by a small majority to exempt...

THE PRUSSIANS AT WATERLOO.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR, -- I note that my letter answering correspondence under this head has been finally suspended. As the initiator of this controversy in...

THE ORIGIN OF THE PHRASE, " THE MAN IN THE

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STREET." [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR, —What is the origin of the phrase, " the man in the street " ? In " The Greville Memoirs," under date March 22nd, 1831, Vol....

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IS THE TASTE FOR POETRY DECLINING ?

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR. " ] Srn,—Here are a few facts bearing on this question (see Spectator, February 13th). For twenty years I have managed a small book club, the...

REAPPEARING RIVERS.

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[To TEE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIB,—If the writer of your interesting article on " Reappear- ing Rivers " (Spectator, February 13th) were to visit the East Riding he...

[To THE EDITOR OP THY " SPECTATOR. "] SIE,—Under the above

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heading Mr. Hamilton remarks in the Spectator of February 13th that nine retrievers out of ten will not touch a woodcock. Therein I must differ from him. During the past thirty...

THE LIFE OF GALILEO.

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR:'] SIE,'—In reply to Mr. Hewetson (Spectator of February 6th) may I point out that the words quoted by him occur in Galileo's letter to the...

A LODGE IN THE WILDERNESS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] [To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—In your picturesque and fascinating article on "A Lodge in the Wilderness" in the Spectator of...

RETRIEVERS AND WOODCOCKS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."] SIE,—With reference to Mr. J. H. Hamilton's letter in the Spectator of February 13th, I think it is very evident that to most dogs the scent...

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enclose some particulars of the work of a few of

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the chief State and municipally aided operas of Germany and Austria, to show your correspondent " Whig" (Spectator, February 13th) the excellent results obtained abroad by State...

POETRY.

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THE TORPEDO. BY seven tall consorts circled round The careless cruiser lay, Watched by the dwarfish forts that crowned The hills above the Bay— The great guns frowning from...

[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR. "]

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SIB,—The letter of your correspondent " Whig " in your last issue contains a great deal of common-sense, but is founded upon what appears to me to be a misapprehension of the...

[TO THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."]

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SIB.,—Your reviewer's story in the Spectator of February 13th, p. 262, of " Why, she doesn't know that she has a husband!" reminds me of a remark made to myself not long ago. A...

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in the worst verse. MR. HARDY has undertaken a drama on what is perhaps the most dramatic subject which the modern world can conceive, —the ferment of Europe under the...

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THERE never was a company which so well deserved the

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title of Merchants Venturers as the famous East India Company, which not only filled its coffers with the gold and jewels of the East, but enrolled armies, made wars, and...

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RECENT SPORTING LITERAT1JRE.* SOME time ago Mr. Watson determined to

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get different sporting experts, under the general title of " Masters of their Arts," to contribute a series of papers to the Badminton Magazine. These have now been published as...

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THE CRITICISM AND INTERPRETATION OF THE BIBLE.*

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DR. DRIVER'S Book of Genesis contains nothing that will surprise any one who has made himself acquainted with this writer's Introduction to the Old Testament. It draws out and...

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IT cannot be said that the novelists who devote their

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talents to the portrayal of country life lend themselves as a rule to assisting the movement which seeks to stem the exodus from rural districts. With very few exceptions, it...

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Red Morn. By Max Pemberton. (Cassell and Co. 6s.)—Mr. Max

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Pemberton shows himself, not for the first time, very apt at describing perilous adventures on the sea. The picture of the shipwreck is drawn with remarkable force ; one feels...

The Pomps of Satan. By Edgar Saltus. (Greening and Co.

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3s. 6d. net.)—This is another social satire from America with a possi- bility of application here. It is not very easy to understand ; that is scarcely an objection, because the...

C (MR ENT LITE RAT URE.

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THE TABLE TALK OF SAMUEL ROGERS. The Table Talk of Samuel Rogers. By G. H. Powell. (R. B. Johnson. Os. net.)—Mr. Powell has combined in this volume Mr. Alexander Dyce's "...

The Brazen Calf. By James L. Ford. (Dodd, Mead, and

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Co.) —Mr. Ford thinks that there is some sense in worshipping a calf of gold—after all, it has a substantial value—but that the calf of brass is a very poor deity. Wealth is...

The Jewel of Seven Stars. By Bram Stoker. (W. Heinemann.

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6s.)—It is a pity that before beginning this novel Mr. Bram Stoker did not quite make up his mind whether the soul of the Egyptian Princess was reincarnated in the body of Miss...

V.C. By David Christie Murray. (Chatto and Windus. 35. 6d.)--Mr.

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Christie Murray's book reads like the first rough sketch for a novel, and is far too slight to do justice to its theme. Its appearance is, however, very timely, as it is...

Plwebe in Fetters. By Mrs. Baillie Reynolds. (John Murray. 6s.)—As

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the whole point of this amusing little book is that Phoebe, the heroine, declined to wear her fetters, the title seems a little inappropriate. Still, it cannot be denied that...

Free, Not Bound. By Katrina Trask. (G. r. Putnam's Sons.

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6s.)—There is something distinctly fine about this story, though some of the situations are a little difficult to mansze, and we are not sure that the author is always quite...

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Dickens's London. By Francis Miltown. (E vele igh Nash. 6s.

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net.)—Mr. Miltown has very little to tell us that we did not know before, and he has no charm of style or manner to give a new attraction to old matter. Here is a specimen of...

A very pleasing addition to the " Temple Classics" (J.

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M. Dent and Co.) is Verba Christ : the Sayings of Jesus Christ (1s. 6d. net). The " Sayings" have been arranged by the Dean of Ely, who explains that he has followed for the...

tender age forbade the journey home. But though the Atlantic

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could not be crossed, the Gulf of Aegina might be, and there was the convenient island of Poros (the ancient Calanria, known in history as the place where Demosthenes took...

The Monroe Doctrine, the Polk Doctrine, and the Doctrine of

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Anarchism. By Whitelaw Reid. (New York.)—Mr. Reid speaks his mind very frankly. He holds by the Monroe doctrine so far as it seems reasonable to him. It must hold good, he...

John Wesley : the Man and his Mission. By G.

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Holden Pike. (R.T.S. ls. 6d.)—This is a very sober and sensible account of the great evangelist. There is not much about his doctrinal and ecclesiastical position. That subject...

THE CAMPAIGN IN BULGARIA, 1877-1878.

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The Campaign in Bulgaria, 1877-1878. By F. V. Greene. (Hugh Rees. 8s. 6d. net.)—This volume, belonging to the " Pall Mall Military Series," is a reprint of part of its author's...

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Recollections of Dante Gabriel Rossetti and his Circle. By the

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late H. D. Dunn. Edited and annotated by Gale Pedrick. (Elkin Mathews. 3s. 6d. net.)—Mr. Dunn was a clerk in a Truro bank when he resolved to take up an artist's life. Coming to...

The latest volume of "The Century Bible" (T. C. and

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E. C. Jack, 2s. 6d. net) is Judges and Ruth, edited by the Rev. G. W. Thatcher, 'M.A. Mr. Thatcher thinks that Judges received its present form somewhat late in the seventh...

Among the Fife Miners. By Kellogg Durland. (Swan Sonnenschein and

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Co. 2s. 6d.)—Mr. Durland, anxious to learn something at first hand about the work and life of the miners at Kelty, in Fife, disguised himself, and went to work as a collier. It...

Jewish Coins. By Theodore Reinach. Translated by Mary Hill. (Lawrence

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and Bullen. 3s. 6d.)—M. Reinach accounts satisfactorily for the fact, at first sight so strange, that the Jews had no coinage before the times of the Maccabees. The practice of...

A technical subject which we cannot deal with in detail

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is treated by an expert in British Violin - Makers, Classical and Modern, by the Rev. W. Meredith Morris (Chatto and Windus, 10s. 6d. net). The list is arranged alphabetically,...

Dictionary of Contemporary Quotations (English). By Helena Swan. (Swan Sonnenschein

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and Co. 7s. 6d.)—Here are between three and four thousand quotations from "contemporary" poets, poets, i.e., who have written since 1850, a definition with large exceptions. The...

Recent Excavations in the Roman Forum, 1898 - 1904. By E. Burton-Brown.

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(John Murray. 3s. 6d. net.)—The most impor- tant of the results here described have been mentioned from time to time in the Spectator. The greatest discoveries have been in the...

We have received from the British and Foreign Bible Society

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the first volume of an Historical Catalogue of Printed Bibles, com- piled by T. H. Darlow, MA., and H. F. Moule, M.A. This first volume deals with English Bibles ; the second,...

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Memoirs of Mademoiselle des Echerolles. (John Lane. 5s. net.) —This

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is a new edition of an interesting book, a genuine contem- porary record of the French Revolution, as it was seen at work by an obscure sufferer. The period which it covers is...

,Tembs of the Third Egyptian Dynasty. By John Garstang, B.A.

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(A. Constable and Co. 21s. net.)—The excavations which resulted in the discoveries here recorded were carried on in the province of Girgeh, about a hundred miles north of...

Mathieson's Handbook for Investors, 1904. (C. Mathieson and Sons. 2s.

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6d. net.)—This volume, well printed and otherwise handy; gives the information which the ordinary investor will probably desire to have. British funds, local securities, railway...

The Rapid Review. (C. A. Pearson. 6d.)—We welcome the first

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number of this review. The scheme of the magazine is a combination of original articles, and quotations and abstracts from magazines and newspapers. The fact that it is thus...

Our Early Female Novelists. By A. M. Williams, M.A. (Mac-

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Lehose and Sons. 25. 6d. net.)—These five essays on literary subjects are of unusually good quality. The first is, we might say, too good for its subject. None of these "early...

Flora and Spica. Edited by W. Robinson. (17 Furnival Street.

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21s. net.)—This is the volume of a beautifully printed and illustrated "monthly review"—we cannot do better than quote from the title-page—" for Lovers of Garden, Woodland, Tree...

Eton Nature Study. By Mathew Davenport Hill and Wilfrid Mark

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Webb. Part I. (Duckworth and Co. 3s. 6d. net.)—It would take us too long to describe the methods employed in this volume. It mild suffice to remark that they seem well...

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