17 MARCH 1928

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; At Geneva ;oil Thursday, March 8th, the between Hungary

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and Rumania came up before the Council. of the League.. In spite of the great labours of Sir Austen Chamberlain the discussion led to no success, since Rumania refused to submit...

News of the Week T HEKing of Afghanistan arrived on our

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shores on Tuesday and is_welcorne here. The.pUblic .. has been well prepared to take a lively interest in what is a really °- novel analinportant event. The last King was...

In Parliament on Thursday, March 8th, the House of Commons

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took the Army Estimates, in which . the reduction . of half a million was attributed by . the Secretary of State to economies, to the reduction in the cost of living, and to a...

On Saturday the. Session of the Council was closed. Among

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its last acts were the adjournment (perhaps the best thing in the circumstances) until June of the business of the machine 'guns found at the 'Hungarian'. frontier. In the...

EDITORIAL A.ND PUBLISHING OFFICES: 13 'York Street, Covent Garden, Undo-4,

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W .C.2.—A Subsctipti.am Lathe SPEUPATOR costs Thirty Shillindo per annum, includiog postage; to any..part of thq world. The SI , ECTATOE is registered as a Newspaper.. The...

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In China there is, as we expected, every appearance of

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active preparation for a new campaign. Chiang Kai-shek is north of Nanking and one-third of the way to Peking with armies and equipment. Chang Tso-lin has his troops a long way...

The news from the East has been less exciting than

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it was last week From the frontier of Iraq there is scarcely anything to record. In Egypt King Fuad has received the President of the Wafd Party, Mustapha Pasha Nahas, who, is...

On Monday the Home Secretary presented the new Franchise Bill.

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The effect of it is reckoned to be that on the next Register will be twelve and a quarter million men and fourteen and a half million women. Five and a quarter million women of...

On Friday a . second reading was given to the Private

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Member's Bill which embodied the recommendations of the Shop Hours Committee, regulating the hours of opening shops in the interest of the assistants. (It leaves unanswered the...

In India Sir John Simon's Commission continue their tour very

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satisfactorily. They reached Lahore last - Week and are being very well received in the Punjab. The Moslems there are almost united in favour of co-operation. The Hindus are...

On Tuesday in the Upper House the Agricultural Produce Bill

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received a second reading. This is mainly concerned with the *marking and grading of eggs, fruit and other produce. Lord Stmdbroke explained that it enacted the recommendations...

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The elections of the County Councils have passed with very

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limited excitement. In London it is -reckoned that only 88 per cent. of the voters did their duty, but this is higher than in 1919 or 1925. Here the Municipal Reform Party...

The offer of a very generous anonymous donor to bear

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the cost of 'building a new Sacristy for Westminster Abbey has provoked some controversy upon the archi- - tectural style - demanded by the site. It is proposed to set it...

In the late War we regretted the necessity, in which

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we were bound to acquiesce, of ending the truce with German missionaries whom Great Britain had tried to allow to carry on their good work in India and Africa in spite of their...

After the most meagre warning and negotiation as to terms

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the Cabinet has decided that the properties on the Gold Coast must be returned to the Basel Trading Company. The Directors of the Commonwealth Trust cannot on behalf of the...

During the War the personnel of the Company was found

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to be wholly German, and it was considered unsafe to allow them liberty of action ; but the spiritual and trading operations were large and successful, organized with German...

America, North and South, has been visited this week by

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'calamities which call for our syinpathy with our friends in the United States and in Brazil. The waters of the Santa Clara river; which are 'dammed in the St. :Francis...

We fear that we see no advance towards any solution

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of the troubles in the Cotton Industry. On the em- ployers' side there is not even agreement between the spinners and manufacturers. It is now suggested that the arrangement of...

- Bank Rat" 41 per cent, changed from 5 per

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cent, on April 21st, 1927. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday - Bank Rat" 41 per cent, changed from 5 per cent, on April 21st, 1927. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday...

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The Franchise Bill

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T HE Government Franchise Bill, for Parliamentary and Local elections, was formally presented in the House of Commons by the Home Secretary on Monday. It is intended that it...

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The Air Age _ Fri attention of the public has been

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particularly focussed on aerial problems this week, for on the same day that Sir Samuel Hoare presented his Estimates to the House of Commons we learned of the tragic deaths of...

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King of Afghanistan's Visit

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The • • of Afghanistan and his beautiful Consort, rEQuiCig eenn Surayya, are among us, and they are receiving as warm a welcome in London as was accorded to them in Rome,...

Rural Electricity

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I T is difficult for town dwellers to believe it, but it is a fact that an immense number of villages and small centres of population in this country are still living in...

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How to Deal with Unemployment

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[briputsuance of our policy of giving "the other side" a hearing, we have the privilege of publishing the following deeply interesting article from the Leader of the...

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The Week in Parliament r Parliamentary ineptitude of the Opposition

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r li continues and, if possible, increases. Take for instance a characteristic piece of folly which ocenfred on Wednesday evening of last week. Mr. - Mosley, 'One of the few...

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Boarding School and Day School

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T HERE is no use in raising a question so as to invite purely abstract discussion. "Whether it is better for a boy to be sent to a boarding-school or a day-school could .be...

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Faith and Fasting

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Ti r AVE you or I a right to live ? After making some -IX experiments on my own body, I feel sure I have no particular right to life. I deserve to exist, if at all, by virtue of...

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Naughty Effie Vaire

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O NE of the most Mystifyin g remarks ever made to me on the Continent was that of a swarthy forei g ner, not a Frenchman, I believe, who accosted me with a sympathetic Mien;...

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The Theatre

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r` YOUNG WOODLEY." By JOHN 14N DRUTEN.. AT THE . SAVOY THEATRE] FROM the point of view of the actor—of the old stager--: and of the critic of eating there is something...

Mazer subscribers who are changing their addresses are asked to

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notify the SPECTthOR Office BEFORE MTODAY - MONDAY OF mica WEEK. The previous .. address to which the paper has been sent and receilit number should be quoted;

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The Cinema

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[CHARLIE CHAPLIN ix" THE CIRCUS." AT THE NEW GALLERY] THERE could be no better-playground for Mr. Chaplin than a circus, no more fitting setting for- his genius. We see him, in...

Correspondence

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A LETTER FROM EDINBURGH. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sta,---Edinburgh winters do not vary much ; the golfer still goes out hopefully to the Braid Hills, only to have his...

Poetry

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Oleanders WILL you remember only the oleanders (Rose-bay, rose-bay, where are your roses now ?) - and. the still palm, and all Spring's green pretenders that claimed their...

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The League of Nations

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The League Council and Some Hard Problems MANY PROBLRMS. • Day to day activity at Geneva never ceases. That is obvious enough as regards the Secretariat itself, but it is...

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THE VALUE OF AN ACRE.

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Is there any reason why the public should not take a hand ? An acre can be bought and planted—even in England —for a very small sum. In New Zealand I heard it alleged that 125...

BIRD BOXES AND SPARROWS.

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Those who are investigating their bird boxes, ready for new homes, will find that in some of the older ones the holes are enlarged ; and it is odds in many gardens that the...

PRODIGIES OF GROWTH.

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' I have been looking at slices of tree ▪ s felled in different parts of the world. The section that most filled the eye was cut from a Pinus insignis. We have many fine...

SCOTTISH PLOVERS.

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Good news for lovers and protectors of birds may be reported from Scotland, where the protective societies have a bigger membership than at any time in their history. They hope...

Country Life

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A FOREST SENSE. It is becoming a commonplace of criticism that within twenty years or so the virgin forests of the world will be levelled and the inhabitants will be suffering...

THIEVES OF FLOWERS.

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It is good news that the British Association has begun to take a hand in the conservation of wild flowers. A com- mittee is now at work with a special intention to encourage...

HARD WOODS AND SOFT.

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Hard woods are fairly plentiful and are not being eaten up extravagantly. Indeed, there is not always so eager a market as there should be for such gorgeous woods as grow, for...

MIGRATION NEWS.

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Interest in the migration of birds is now so general that as a rule we get information of the arrival of the better-known species at widely separated stopping places on their...

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INDIA AND THE COTTON TRADE

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[To the „Editor of the SrEcrxroa.1 Sm,—Apropos of your very important article on the state of the cotton trade (p. 253 of your issue of February 25th), may I call attention to...

Letters to the Editor

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THE AMERICAN NAVAL PROGRAMME: A LETTER FROM COLORADO [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—Your Editorial on the American Naval Programme, in the issue of January 28th,...

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FOR A BETTER ENGLAND

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[To the Editor of the Seams-ma.] am glad to know that you are in cordial agreement with most of the views expressed by Mrs. Gilchrist-Thompson in her outspoken letter on this...

BANKING PROFITS AND BANK SHARES (To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] SIR,—At the conclusion of - an • interesting article in the Spectator of March 3rd, Mr. Arthur Kiddy refers to the growing tendency of bank directorates to free the...

• THE PRESS AND INTERNATIONAL MISUNDERSTANDINGS [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I have been requested by the World Peace Foundation of Boston, and the Foreign Policy Association of New York, two organizations earnestly enlisted in the...

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THE HOUSING PROBLEM

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I have followed with great and increasing interest the articles and correspondence on the housing problem published in the Spectator. By...

THE DISTRESS IN SOUTH WALES

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—We should like to thank the readers of your article on the Rhondda for an addition of over eighty pounds to our relief funds, and also...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sra,—I am much interested in the recent articles on the con- dition of things in South Wales, and have been down in the Rhondda Valley myself and know the work at Maes-yr-haf....

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Snt,—Many many thanks to the Spectator for keeping the conditions of our poor people before the public. You will be pleased to know that as a result of your articles we have...

BETTER AMERICAN CONTACTS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Granted that the relations between Britain and the United States would improve out of all belief, if more Americans could be brought to...

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PRAYER BOOK REVISION

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—It is admitted that the Articles, with the old- Prayer Book, ire the doctrinal standard of the Church of England. The nature of the...

[To the Editor of the SrEmaron.1 Sum,—No doubt pigeon shooting

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in the beautiful surroundings of Monte Carlo hurts many people's feelings. I have felt it myself when there ; but why do people write nonsense about it, as, for instance, the...

DEMOCRACY AND DEBATE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In your article, "Democracy and Debate," you anti- cipate that, if the time comes when every family has its wireless, "every family will...

PIGEON SHOOTING AT ITS WORST

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SUI,—Are we not hypocrites in this question of shooting pigeons at Monte Carlo ? I have watched this, shooting and have seen coursing in .this...

DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA . [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Mr. H. M. Cam asks if the conduct of Governments is to beguided by the principles of Christianity. I say No in relation to Russia. The so-called Soviet...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,---You will not wish

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to continue this correspondence, nor do I, but Mr. H. M. Cam might think a little more clearly. All Governments have, trustee responsibilities to those within the limits of...

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- DURHAM CASTLE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sur„—A great national appeal for funds for the preservation of Durham Castle is to be launched at a meeting of the Corn- Mittee at Newcastle,...

ANIMAL WELFARE WEEK

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—May we, through your courtesy, draw the attention of your readers -to the celebration throughout Scotland of the annual "Animal Welfare...

-THE CHOIR BIRD _ [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—For the last four Sunday, both at morning and evening service, a bird has been joining In the singing of hymns and canticles at our - little church here. At first we...

MEASLES AND MUMPS

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[79. the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sue,—Why has the medical profession discovered no pr.e.T ventives as regards measles, mumps, &c, curse at season, and from time immemorial,...

" -MARBLE " OR " SABLE "

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[To the 'Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—In the very appreciative review of my Seventeenth Century Lyrics your reviewer takes me to task On - one point : "Surely it was -...

ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sur,—With reference to the paragraph which appeared on your" Books of the Week" page in the March 3rd issue of the Spectator, describing two...

THE FRENCH-CANADIANS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I was privileged to hear Mr. Arnery's recent address before the Canada Club, and shared fully the general enthu- siasm which it created....

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Some Books of the Week

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CHANCE brought to Sir Hermann Gollancz a Latin manuscript recording the affairs of the Carmelite mission at Basra between 1623 and 1733, and he has edited it with a translation...

An original book on palmistry is a rare find :

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one that dispenses with all mystical and occult jargon is still rarer. Such is The Hand and the Mind, by Mr. M. N. Laffan (Kegan Paul, 46. 6d.). The author has read widely in...

An unfortunate misprint occurred in Mr. Gwynn's review of The

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Life of Lord Curzon last week. Lord Curzon met the Leiters in Paris in 1903, of course, not 1923 as was stated.

Science Progress (Murray, 7s. 6d.) is always a useful and

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interesting quarterly. The present issue contains in article by Sir Oliver Lodge on "The Nature of Matter and its - Relation to the Ether of *Space," a brilliant attempt to...

No student of political science can afford to neglect Chris-

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tianity and the State, by the Bishop of Manchester (Mac- millan, 46. 6d.). • In this book Dr. Temple's alert and capa- cious mind advances a stage further a mode of thought that...

Mr. Crosbie Garstin's The Dragon and the Lotus (Heinemann, 10s.

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6d.) is the third new account of a journey across America to Japan, China, and Siani that we have read within one year. The other two books were very good, and Mr. Garstin's...

General Knowledge Questions

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°un weekly prize of one guinea for the best thirteen Questions submitted is awarded this week to the Rev. W. K. Fleming, 18 Vicarage Road, Eastbourne, for the following :-...

A New Leap Year Competition

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TIlE Eorroa offers a prize of two guineas for the best refusal, in no more than 250 words, of either of the prize-winning proposals of marriage in our last competition,. the...

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Ibsen Without Ibsenism : 1828-1928

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THE centenary of a great dramatist would be most appropriately celebrated by a series of carefully produced and competently acted performances Of his best plays ; arranged,...

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Ibn Sa'ud and Arabia

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Adventures in Arabia, among the Bedouins, Druses, Whirling Dervishes and Yezidee Devil-Worshippers. By W. B. Seabrook. (Harrap. 12s. tkl.) THE recent Wahhabi raids have drawn...

Afghanistan and Elsewhere

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Adventures in Five Continents. By Lt. - Col. P. T. Etherton. Illustrated. (Hutchinson. 18s.) WITH the first visit ever paid to England by an Afghan ruler comes an authoritative...

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Problems of Government

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The Fascist Dictatorship in Italy. By Gaetano Salvemini. Vol. I. Origins and Practices. With an Introduction by THE thoughtful writer calling' himself "Al. Carthill " has...

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An Historic Craft

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Gothic and Renaissance Bookbindings. By E. Ph. Goldschmidt. Exemplified and Illustrated from the Author's Collection. Volume I.; Text. Volume II.: Plates. (Ernest Berm. £6 6s.)...

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"GOOD EVENING, EVERYONE 1 " By A. J. Alan. (Hutchinson.

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8s. 8d.)—All owners of wireless sets will • be familiar with Mr. A. J. Alan. He is the lineal descendant of the story-teller of the Arabian market-place, although by the...

THE WHISPERING CHORUS. By P. P. Sheehan. (Ernest Benn. 7s.

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6d.)--Though this book is advertised as a murder thriller, the grip which it will obtain upon its readers is much deeper than that of the usual detective novel. The 'story...

THE OLD TREE BLOSSOMED. By Ernest Raymond. (Cassell. 7s. 8d.)—The

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old tree is that of chivalry • and Mr. Raymond revitalizes the familiar theme of a born a dventurer, apparently doomed to a life of mediocrity and monotony, finding...

DEPARTING WINGS. By Faith Baldwin. (Sampson Low. 7s. 6d.) —

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The first chapters, describing an American naval aviation station, are delightful reading The exhilaration which pilots feel is extremely well rendered, and the reader is sorry...

THE ASTOUNDING CRIME ON TORRINGTON ROAD. By William Gillette. (Cassell.

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7s. 6d.) — Though this novel is ingenious in the ramifications of its plot, its chief interest for the reader lies in a comparison between English and American detective...

Fiction

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THE DEVIL'S DAGGER. By Maurice G. Kiddy. (Hutch], ;mon. 7s. 6d.)—This high-spirited extravaganza , centres around an international plot. " Zah," a sinister Russian, aims at...

Candid Comments on the Rising Generation

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The Feet of the Young Men. By "Janitor." (Duckworth. 8e. Bd.) WHO is " Janitor " ? He writes well. He knows his world. 'Everybody is talking about the book. Yet under cover of...

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Current Literature

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THE BIOLOGY OF INSECTS. By G. H. Carpenter, D.Sc. (Sidgwick and Jackson. 16s.)--". Go to the ant, thou sluggard, is an ancient proverb ; and it was left for Mark Twain to make...

ON CATHEDRALS IN THE MEANTLME. By F. S. M. Bennett,

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Dean of Chester. (The Faith Press. 9d.)-Few people have done more to evoke the new and wholesome life that is evident in the Catlitadrals of England to-day than the Dean of...

BIOGRAPHY :-Private and Personal. By Brig.-Gen. W. H.H. Waters. (Murray.

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18s.)-My West Riding Experi- ences: - By Sir Frederick Butterfield. (Bean. 15s.)-- A Final Burning of Boats, Etc. -By Ethel Smyth. (Long- mans. , 10s. 6d.)-Genghis Khan. By...

...An§wers' . to Napoleon Questions 1. Marie Letizia Ramolino ; Madame

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Mere.-Joseph, Lucien, • Louis, IorOme ; Joseph • became King of Naples, then King of Spain • - .Louis, King Of Holland . ; Jerome, King of Westphalia. 3. Bernadotte, elected...

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Motors and Motoring The 16 h.p. Six-Cylinder Sunbeam IT is

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proposed in these fortnightly articles on motors and motoring to publish, from time to time, critical reviews of cars. In these reports it is intended to describe briefly and...

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• . . • . Wheel . d W ing EvEnY year

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the exodus of holiday makers increases. By train and car and bOat,'We leave our work and our homes in thousands and ntillions, at this season. One day, perhaps soon, all the...

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Pilgrims of •To-da

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" The mother of months in meadow' and plain, - Fills the shadows and windy places With lisp of leaves and ripple of rein." (Chorus of Atalanta in Calydon.) THE time of the...

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Gambling in Industrials

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[In place of Mr. A. W. Kiddy's usual page of "Finance—Public and 6n the present craze for speculation.--En. Spectator.] Private," he writes for our readers this week a much -...

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IS TRADE REVIVING?

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I wish that I could be more enthusiastic about the figures of our foreign trade, for I feel in that respect to be very much out of harmony with the tone adopted by most of my...

The annual report of this company shows a very satisfactory

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position, though, of course, comparison is made with a year when figures were adversely affected by the prolonged coal stoppage. Even so, however, the jump in net profits is...

Financial Notes

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CONTINUED ACTIVITY. IN the preceding article I have dealt somewhat fully with the general speculative movement on the Stock Exchange, but it must not be supposed that the rise...

A TURN IN THE TIDE.

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The reduction in the capital arranged last year by Handley Page Limited seems to have marked a turn in the tide of the fortunes of the company. The accounts for the past year...

Thanks very largely to a great improvement in the export

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trade, the annual report of the Salt Union is a much better one than its predecessor. The net profit for the year was 1265;078 as compared with 1217,565 for 1926. The 12-i per...

BANKING IN JAPAN. - - A feature of the semi-annual

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statements of the Yokohama Specie Bank is the consistency with which each report main- tains the reputation for sound and conservative management which has ensured such...

A PROSPEROUS INDUSTRY.

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The last report of the Maypole Dairy-Company is a distinctly good one, for, following a slight set-back in 1926, the net profit for 1927 of 2531,000 exceeds even the figure for...

COURTAULDS' CAUTION.

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It is significant of the confidence felt in the management of Courtaulds that the rise in the price of the shares, occasioned by the bonus announcement of 100 per cent. in new...