16 FEBRUARY 1918

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The new Session of Parliament opened on Tuesday. The King's

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Speech recorded the fact that, in reply to the Government's restate- ment of our war aims on a fair basis which commanded the approval of the whole Empire, the German Government...

In the debate on the Address, Mr. Asquith, after remarking

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in regard to peace talk that what the German Emperor said in his bombastic telegrams was probably not what the German people really thought, asked for information as to the...

NEWS OF THE WEEK

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• D URING the week there has been disquiet amounting almost to a political crisis owing to the ambiguous attitude of the Government towards the Higher Command. We hope, and...

As we go to press the air is still thick

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with rumours about the future of Sir William Robertson. On Thursday morning a state- ment, presumably passed by the Censor, was published by the Central News, that " although...

The Prime Minister enjoys great popularity in the country, and

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when he and Mr. Bonar Law tell the House of Commons that if it is not satisfied with the present Government it had better find another, they are really on firm enough ground....

Mr. Lloyd George in reply dealt briefly with the enemy

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replies to himself and Mr. Wilson, expressing regret that, though Count Healing and Count Czernin differed widely in tone, they were equally unreasonable in substance. As to the...

Mr. Lloyd George went on to deprecate the discussion of

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stra- tegical questions in the newspapers. " There is only one way when we go to councils of war ; you must leave it to those who arc there to decide ; and if you have no...

Mr. Asquith put the further question which every one has

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been asking for weeks—" whether any change has been made or is con- templated in the status, the personnel, or the functions of the Com- mander-in-Chief or the Chief of the...

THE PAPER SHORTAGE.—We trust that readers of the " Spectator"

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will give definite orders to their newsagents for a copy of the " Spectator" to be reserved for them each week till countermanded.

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Last week our losses -of merchantmen by submarine or mine

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were again serious. Eleven large ships over L600 tons—the American troopship Tuscania ' among them—were sunk, as compared with twelve the week before. Six smaller ships and...

In the House of Lords, during the debate on the

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Address, Lord Curzon took occasion to declare that at the Versailles Conference " both Sir Douglas Haig and Sir William Robertson were present at all the meetings of the Council...

When the debate was resumed on Wednesday, Mr. Samuel re-

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viewed the domestic policy of the Government, and said that the results had not justified the new form of administration by a large number of Ministers working each by himself...

President Wilson, in a speech to Congreas -on Monday, replied

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to Count Hertling and Count Czernin. He recognized the very friendly tonaof the Austriarespeeoh, which had not been submitted to him beforehand, as a lying German report stated....

The Western Front, after a long calm, is now becoming

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agitated. The trench raids undertaken by both sides In search of information have grown more serious. In the first three days of this week Rir Douglas Haig reported four British...

Speaking on a Pacificist amendment to the Address, which secured

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only twenty-eight votes on a division, Mr. Balfour took the opportunity of explaining, what should be the very obvious truth, that diplomacy was out of court as far as the...

Mr. Lloyd George, in reply to interjections, warmly denied that

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paragraphs found their way from Downing Street into the Press. When Lord Hugh Cecil, pursuing the same topic, said that there was either collusion between the Government and the...

The enemy treaty with the Ukraine provides for the cession

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to that Republic, of the south-eastern corner of Russian Poland, and other territory, with an area of about ten thousand square miles, which is now in enemy occupation. The...

The Ukraine Rada made peace with the enemy at Brest-Litovsk

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last Saturday. The same day the Petrograd Anarchists announced that their troops had occupied Kieff, and that " nothing remained of the Rada but a sad memory." The enemy had,...

The enemy newspapers report that Germany on the 6th Wet

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presented an ultimatum to Rumania, requiring her to negotiate for peace within four days. A semi-official telegram from Berlin says, however, that Germany only seeks an...

Lord Jellicoe, speaking at Hull on Friday week about the

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diffi- culty of exterminating the enemy submarines, ventured on a fore- cast under the impression, as he has since explained, that the meeting was private. He was confident, he...

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President Wilson defined his demand for a general peace, based

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on the satisfaction of all well-defined national aspirations in such a way as to promise a lasting settlement. He said that his principles were accepted by all except the German...

The man we are imagining would say : " I

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am already an efficient Volunteer, and if mobilization comes I will join up on the instant. Meanwhile the best help I can give to the country is to grow all the potatoes and...

The Food Controller published on Saturday last the details of

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his experimental scheme for rationing meat in London and the Home Counties from February 25th. Each adult will receive four coupons a week, and each child under ten four...

" Self-determination," the President continued, was not a mere phrase

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but an imperative principle of action. We could not have a general peace for the asking or by piecing individual bargains together. " All the parties to the war must join in the...

Sir Joseph John Thomson, the great physicist, has been appointed

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by the King to be Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, in succession to the late Dr. Montagu Butler. The new Master, who is President of the Royal Society, is admirably...

Mr. Boner Law stated on Wednesday, in reply to a

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question in the House, that proceedings were being taken under the Defence of the Realm Act against Colonel Repington and the Editor of the Morning Post for an article on the...

The ex-Sultan Abdul Hamid, of evil memory, died last Sunday

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at Constantinople. He was seventy-five. He had reigned for over forty- two years when he was deposed by the Young Turks in April, 1909, and sent into captivity. There was none...

We have received more letters about the new Regulations for

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the Volunteers than we have space to print. We have met with no opposition whatever to our suggestion that those men of Section D who are unable to accept the obligations of...

Lord Beaverbrook has been appointed " Minister in Charge of

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Propaganda " in succession to Sir Edward Carson, and will hold the sinecure office of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, which Lord Cawley of Prestwich has resigned. Lord...

Bank rate, 5 per cent., changed from 5i per cent.

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April 5, 1917

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THE PRIME MINISTER'S ALTERNATIVES.

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I our fi rst article we have dealt mainly with the past 1 history of the controversy about the Higher Command. We can now turn to the debate in the House of Commons on Tuesday....

TOPICS OF THE DAY

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THE GOVERNMENT AND THE VERSAILLES COUNCIL. N OTHING is more necessary at this hour than absolute accord between the Government and their military advisers. It is essential. The...

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ANARCHY AND PEACE. T HE conclusion of a separate peace between

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the Ukraine Republic and the enemy and the withdrawal of Northern Russia from the war are formidable events in a strictly military sense, but their true and full significance...

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THE BASIS OF INDUSTRIAL CONCORD.

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I T is one of the paradoxes of the present time that, while we all of us in the old days of peace pleasantly ignored the possibility of future dangers abroad, we are to-day most...

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TRAMPING LEISURE.

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I T is almost as interesting to break ground in estrange society as in a strange country. Indeed, for those who desire change, the •former experience may be more satisfactory...

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"TOMMY" AS A LEADER OF MEN.

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THE British soldier during the war has been the subject of a deluge of descriptive articles. His powers and characteristics as a fighter have been extolled everywhere. " Tommy...

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RUSSIA. AND GERMANY.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR."] Sia,—History once again repeats itself in the present European situation. One hundred and fifty years ago, at the crisis of the Seven Years'...

THE VATICAN AND THE WAR.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " Sproraroa.") Sia,—Your correspondent " E. M." is not accurate in his state- ments. Sir J. H. Ramsay did not say that " the Catholic Church " issued...

[TO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.")

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rnt,—The first thing I looked for in the last number of the Spectator was an article on the Volunteer Regulations, and I was not disappointed. The third paragraph of the article...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] THE WAR OFFICE AND THE...

[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."]

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think that your correspondent " Private No. 70" will find himself in a very small minority, for I believe that the greater number of officers and men of the Volunteer Force are...

(To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR.") Sni,—In days when

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many are perplexed at the attitude of the Papacy, the following passage, which I have not seen quoted, is interesting. It will be found in Pureoll's Life of Cardinal Man- ning,...

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THE DOG TAX.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] Sre,—Numerous suggestions are being made for an increase a the Dog Tax, and it appears likely that some one or other may be proposed in the...

FOOD FOR RACEHORSES OR DAIRY COWS ?

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(To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") SOY.—As I see that the Minister of Agriculture proposes to hold another meeting at which practical and representative agricul- turists may...

HOME RULE SOPHISTRY.

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(To THZ EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—In common with many other Unionists, I have been sur- prised at the stress laid by friends who have accepted Home Rule 'upon what...

"THE LIMITS OF PURE DEMOCRACY." ETo THE EDITOR or THE

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" SPECTATOIL") Ste,—This admirable book by Mr.- Mello*, from which you gave Some very interesting extracts in your- issue of February 2nd, is• unfortunately, most...

LESS FOOD—CONTINUED FOOD DESTRUCTION. (To ma EDITOR or THE "

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SPECTATOR.") 8111,—I certainly do not regard Mr. Winterton's letter in your issue of last week as containing evidence against the Trade, and if ha has nothing of a more...

POTATO VERSUS RICE BREAD.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR."] Sia, We " bake at home." and ever since voluntary rationing was propounded we have found no difficulty in keeping well within ous allowance...

PORTUGAL AND THE ALLIES.

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(To ras Enrroa or THE " SPECTATOR.") Sia,—Portugal is unanimous in favour of the Allies and in favour of Senhor Sidonio Pass's Government. His extraordinary popu- larity is due...

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TAPESTRY AS WAR MEMORIALS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] Sia,—Many students of literature, the drama, music, architecture, painting, and sculpture, honourably disabled through the war on sea, and...

LOCHABER WATER-POWER SCHEME. [TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."]

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SIR,—There is an historic fable of a peaceful lamb which, living by (as its ancestors had long done), and drinking from, the lower waters of a stream, was found fault with by a...

NERVE-SHATTERED PENSIONERS.—MORE "COUNTRY HOSTS " NEEDED.

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[To rsiz EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR."] Sia,—The " Country Host " scheme came into being as the result of a letter from Dr. Thomas Lumsden published in the Press six months ago....

THE ART OF EULOGY.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR."] Sia,—In your interesting article on " The Art of Eulogy " in the Spectator of February 9th you say, when speaking of self-praise in the...

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POETRY.

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JOCK GILLANDERS : OR THE CONSOLATIONS OF WAR. As Ozn MAs's TALE. GAB east, gae west, gae up the brae, Otte doon the burn, gae whaur ye please, Ye'll no' find ony lads tho day,...

LI HUNG-CHANG.

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f To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR. " ] Sra,—I am obliged to your reviewer and to you for the appreciative review of Li Hung-Chang in your issue of February 2nd. May I point...

FRENCHWOMEN ON THE LAND.

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ITO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR:9 SIR, — One sees so many references to the admirable work which is being done by the Women's Land Army and kindred bodies that I am tempted...

BOOKS.

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CAMBRIDGE ESSAYS ON EDUCATION.* THE scheme of publishing a volume of essays dealing with under- lying aims and principles of Education, as tin Benson tells us, was originated by...

" PLAY THE GAME."

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ITO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR. " ] Site—If a second innings be allowable, and your columns are still open on this subject, I would venture to suggest " Ludum inso- lentem...

" NEW YEAR RESOLVES."

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AT the request of many of our readers our leading article "New Year Resolves," which appeared in the Spectator on Decem- ber 29th. 1917, has been republished in pamphlet form....

NOTICE.—When " Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the tarifa?s

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name or initiala, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agree- ment with the views therein expressed or with the...

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TIM CHURCH IN THE _FURNACE.*

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THE editor of The Church in the Furnaoel explains that the seventeen essays of which it is composed were written by the seventeen chaplains who are responsible for them without...

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A FORECAST OF THE WAR.*

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WE have received a copy of a book, of which a limited number of copies were printed, containing some of the papers on political, social, and military problems discussed by a...

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THE MONARCHY IN POLITICS.•

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Ma. FARBER'S new book is described as " an impartial inquiry into the actual working of Constitutional Monarchy in England during the reigns of George III., George IV., William...

FICTION.

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THE GREEN MIRROR.* WITH the necessary changes, the theme of Mr. Walpole's novel is that of Turgenieff's Fathers and Sons. But there is none of Turgenieff's austere...

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SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in this colonels does not necessarily preclude subse q uent review.] Wilkes and the City. By Sir William Treloar. (John Murrray. 12s. net. )—This is a very readable Life...

Selections from the Italian Poets. Selections from the Italian Prose-

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Writers. With Critical Introductions by Ernesto Grillo. (Biocide and Son. 7s. 6d. net each.)—These two fascinating volumes of good Italian prose and poetry, with brief and...

A Dictionary of Similes. By F. J. Wilstack. (Harrap. 10er.

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6d. net.)—Mr. Wilstack has made a hobby of collecting similes for the past quarter of a. century, and is, he says, the first to publish a classified dietionary of dunks • from...

Inside the British Isles. By Arthur Gleason. (J. Lane. 5s.

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net.) —This interesting and dogmatic book records the impressions of an American journalist, a Socialist, who naturally associated with the little Socialist cliques in this...

Illustrations of Chaucer's England. Edited by Dorothy Hughes. (Longmans and

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Co. 7s. 6d. net.)—Miss Hughes has selected passages from Froissart and other chroniclers of the age of the Black Prince, Wycliffe, and Chaucer to illustrate the period in its...

Charlotte Bronte, 1816 - 1916. Edited by Butler Wood. (T. Fisher

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Unwin. 8s. 6d. net.)—Next to Mrs. Gaskell's biography, this is per- haps the most interesting book yet published about the Bront8 sisters. It contains a dozen essays read to the...

The Despatches of Lord French. (Chapman and Hall. 21s. net.

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)—In this handsome and well-printed volume, issued in a limited edition, are reprinted Lord French's historic despatches from France, be- ginning with the story of Mons and the...

Two Brave Brothers. By H. F. Morris. (R. J. James.

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10s. 6d. net.)—This book contains memoirs of the late C. S. Rolls, the first man to fly across the Channel from England to France and back, and of his brother, Lord Llangattook,...

Locke's Theory of _Knowledge and its Historical Relations. By James

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Gibson. (Cambridge University Press. 10s. 6d. net.)— Professor Gibson's admirably written treatise gives a new view of the principles of Locke's famous Essay concern- ing Human...

READABLE NOVELS.—The Wanderer on a Thousand Hills. By Edith Wherry.

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(John Lane. Os.)—A very clever novel of Chinese life. The author has a marvellous faculty for enabling her readers to see life from the Oriental point of view.—Our Miss York. By...

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The Clergy Directory, 1918 (J. S. Phillips, 4s. 6d. net)

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contains a remarkably compact list of the Church clergy and an equally compact. list of benefices. The book has been brought up to date so far as to name Dr. Henson as Bishop of...

The Ancient Earthworks of the New Forest. By Heywood Sumner.

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(Chiswick Press. 20s. net.)—This scholarly book, a veritable labour of love, contains beautifully executed plans and descriptions of all the old earthworks that the author has...