13 JULY 1918

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The Italian Army on the Piave front completed the Austrian

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defeat last Saturday by expelling the enemy from the river delta, which he had held since November last. The Twenty-third Corps had much desperate fighting in this marshy...

The Report on Indian Constitutional Reforms, signed by tbrd Chelmsford,

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the Viceroy, and Mr. Montagu, the Secretary for India, was published last Saturday. It opens with a reference to Mr1 Montagu's statement of August 20th, 1917, as " the most...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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H ERR VON KUHLMANN has resigned, in other words has been removed, from the position of German Foreign Secre- tary. He is succeeded by Admiral von Hintze, a Pan-German of the...

Herr von Kuhlmann necessarily suffers the fate of German Ministers

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who are associated with a muse that fails. Every Minister who is put forward by the German Government to test the working value of a particular policy knows that ho has a...

General Foch, on the Western Front, has continued to improve

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the Allied line and harass the enemy by local attacks on a restricted scale. The Australians, who in conjunction with American troops took Hamel on Thursday week, have made...

Last Saturday the Italians and the French in Southern Albania

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began an advance on a wide front in the wild mountainous country between the Vojusa Valley, north of Valona, and Ochrida Lake. British monitors bombarded the Austrian positions...

Count Mirbach, the German Ambassador at Moscow, was assas- sinated

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last Saturday by two men, who attacked him with revolvers and bombs. The same day, according to the Bolshevik account, the Left Social Revolutionaries, the party to which M....

THE PAPER SHORTAGE.

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TO OUR READERS.—It is now necessary for readers to place a definite order for the " Spectator " with their Newsagent or at one of the Railway Book- stalls. Should any reader...

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On Independence Day at Washington President Wilson made one of

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the best of his many memorable speeches. The keynote of the speech was contained in the words that in the war " No . half-way decision wo-ald be tolerable. No half-way deeision...

The Report goes on to say that responsible government must

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be conferred on India, but not because educated Indians ask for it. " Our reason is the faith that is in us " " We believe %profoundly that the time has now come when the...

The government of India, the Report states, should remain responsible

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to the Imperial Parliament, but supreme in India. The Viceroy's Legislative Council should be replaced by a Council of State, partly-elected and partly nominated, with an...

The "transferred subjects," the Report says, should not include the

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maintenance of law and order, nor-,-significantly enough- " matters which vitally affect the well-being of the masses who may not be adequately represented in the new Councils,...

The authors of the Report next outline the changes that

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they desire to bring about. Their " first formula " is that " there - should be as far as possible-complete popular control in local-bodies and the largest possible independence...

If the several authorities which at present deal with aliens

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can be compactly replaced by a central authority, so much to the good ; and if those aliens who ought not to be at large can be quickly interned or repatriated, and those...

Although those who - have led -the anti-alien agitation profess to

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be delighted with the - recoramendations of the House of Commons Committee, it is impossible to believe that they will -be satisfied when the recommendations are put into...

The recommendation of the House of Commons Committee on the

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Enemy Alien question - were published in the papers of Tuesday. The chief recommendations areas follows : that -every male-enemy alien over eighteen years of age shall be...

We have not spate to summarize the numerous •minor recommenda-

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tions. It will be seen -that though the recommendations are very strong at first sight, there is in almost every case a loophole. There will be-so many opportunities for...

In his speech on Independence Day President Wilson emphasized in

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particular four points which must be conceded - before there can` be peace : (1) The destruction, or reduction to virtual impotence, ofnevery arbitrary Power that can...

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Lance-Corporal Joseph Dowling, of the Connaught Rangers, who was landed

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from a German submarine on the West Coast of Ireland in April last, was tried. by Court-Martial at Westminster on Monday and Tuesday. It was btated in evidence that Dowling was...

To begin with, they said in effect that the firm

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of Messrs. Harris and Dixon was only one of several which were receiving pre- ferential treatment. Firms doing occasional Government work, we were given to understand, might...

Bank rate, 5 per cent., changed from 571- per cent.

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April 5,1917.

In the House of Commons on Wednesday a resolution was

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passed condemning the principle of associating war pensions with political parties. Sir Montague Barlow, who brought forward the resolution, is to be congratulated on the energy...

Mr. Clynes, as every one hoped and expected, has been

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appointed Food Controller in succession to Lord Rhondda, whoae lieutenant he had been for the past year. Mr. Clynes, like his late chief, has won general respect by his...

Our readers know that we think hardly any criticism too

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severe for the manner in which Mr. Lloyd George has in practice played with the vital interests of the nation while he has in form and in language kept up an appearance of...

It cannot escape notice that the Prime Minister and the

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whole Government have themselves to blame for this tone of the Press. The situation is that the Northcliffe Press is now in effect reminding the Prime Minister that that Press...

We do not ourselves believe that Mr. Leverton Harris had

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any evil intention whatever in asking for special facilities for the firm in which he was a large shareholder. He had already proved his good faith by great personal sacrifices...

'Although a Pensions Bureau has been established by the Liberal

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Party, we have no assurance that it will be abolished. The MancliesterGuardian, which has very great influence with the Liberal Party, protests, we are glad to see, against the...

Sir Auckland Geddes informed the House of Commons on Monday

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that the grading of recruits between forty-three and fifty-one years of age would be modified, as the result of his conference with Sir Donald Maclean and other Chairmen of...

Lord Robert Cecil in the House on Tuesday made a

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statement PA to the Dutch convoy to the East Indies which causes us much anxiety. We do not doubt that the Foreign Office has obtained from the Dutch Government as full an...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE MONTAGU REPORT. W E are no enemies of Indian Reform. We have an intense desire that India should be administered and governed, not in the interests of the British people,...

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A LEAGUE OF- NATIONS.—II. T HE important. thing in a League

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is the essential object, the casia foederis. At the present day what most people propose is a League of Nations for putting an end to war, for forcing arbitration upon...

A SPECIFIC-;SUGGESTION. B EFORE we leave this resurrection-pie of Pseudo- Federalism,

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Parliamentarism, Bureaucracy, Jacobinism, and abstract political theorizing wedesire to meet the challenge which is sure to be made, and in a sense ought to be made to us, to...

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THE GERMAN EAST AFRICAN SLAVES.

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W E do not know whether the Government are aware that there is much concern among people who study such matters about the present situation and the future of the slaves in...

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SCOTLAND'S DEBT TO JOHNSON.

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T HOUGH Johnson did not love all manner of Scotsmen, and took pleasure in playing on their irritable qualities, he had no enmity either to Scotland or its inhabitants. In truth,...

LASTOPPORTUNITIES.

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r I 1.111. domestic moralist is apt to undervalue lost oppor- tunities. They are not mere occasions of regret. We have known many men and women who got great pleasure out of the...

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ON LYING IN IRISH POLITICS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") BM—Since the appearance of the letter on the above subject which you were kind enough to publish some weeks ago, 1 have received many...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the /enoth of one of our lending paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] THE LATE LORD CROMER. [To...

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" THE NEW BALTIC STATE."

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") FIR,—In your issue of June 22nd I notice an article on " The New Baltic State," which contains too many heresiei to be put right in a few...

[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR:1 Sra,—In the article

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on " The New Baltic State" published in the Spectator of June 22nd I noticed several anomalies, and I beg you to allow me to make a few necessary corrections. (1) It is not...

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THE WESLEYAN CONFERENCE. ITo THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."]

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SIR,—For several years past it has been the courteous custom of the Spectator to spare a little space in relation to the whereabouts and outlook of the Wesleyan Conference. It...

DOMESTIC SERVICE.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "•SPEOTATOR."] SIR,—As you allow the ladies to have their say in your newspaper, I hope you will allow a servant to say a word. No one seems to have...

A STRANGE COINCIDENCE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."1 SIR, —At a general meeting of the Irish Roman Catholic Hierarchy held at Maynooth the following resolution was adopted :— " An event...

" R. V. BILLING."

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SFECTATOR."3 read with considerable amazement a letter in your issue of June 29th in which approving reference was made to the action of Best, J., in the...

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—I have been

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much interested in your correspondence in the Spectator about domestic servants. May I, as a domestic servant of thirty years' standing, say I do not think " Satisfied...

CHILDREN'S PRAYERS. [To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR."] Sia,—I

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have been endeavouring to discover some simple verses for a child's first prayers that are worthy to be the medium for the earliest religious impressions. The usual verses, "...

BROWNING OR LAMB ?

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[TO THE EDITOR OF ME " SPECTATOR:1 Sin,—From Mr. Hogben's letter headed " Browning or Lamb ? " in your issue of June 29th, I imagine neither he nor Mrs. Humphry Ward knows...

THE HOUSEHOLD FUEL AND LIGHTING ORDER.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—In your note last week on the new Household Fuel and Lighting Order you observe that "the careful householder will probably find...

THE IMPERIAL NURSES' CLUB.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR."] Sra,—Th!s club, which was opened by Lord French eighteen months ago, and which many of your readers generously helped to establish, has...

RUNNER DUCKS.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIP.,—In your review of a book on Runner ducks you mention that they have been found " as intelligent as a parrot," and regret that the...

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BOOKS

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• THE BLUE GUIDE TO LONDON.* Tax appearance of the first volume of a new series of guide-books is an event of some importance. It is no secret that the Blue Guides," the...

POETRY.

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VISION. (In Alcaics.) I SAW the nations' barbaric armaments Over the crimson sea, city, continent Close fast in one death-shock sepulchral, Melt on a glance in a misty...

TERSE DESPATCHES.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") Sin,—No doubt you will recollect the message in which Drake informed Queen Elizabeth of the doings of the Armada : " Cantharides, the...

NOTICE.—When " Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's

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name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agree- ment with the views therein expressed or with the...

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1111, LIFE OF SOPHIA JEX-BLAKE.•

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Comentasers are often made of the length of modern biographies, but Dr. Margaret Todd has her answer ready, and a. very good answer it is. " We have here the kind of thing that...

" PERFECT ELOQUENCE."

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THE number and diversity of the theories which have been advanced as to Shakespeare's Sonnets, and the distinction and perfect dis- agreement of the scholars who have evolved...

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FICTION.

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GWYNETH OF THE WELSH HILLS.t " MERE is a wonderful bond between people of Welsh blood," observes the author of this curious novel. " They may rend each other in pieces, but let...

READABLE NOVELS.—The Double Traitor. By E. Phillips Oppen- heim. (Hodder

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and Stoughton. 6s.)—A most exciting story which deals with the efforts of a young diplomatist in disgrace to expose the Machinations of a German spy in the summer of 1914.—...

AN AMERICAN STATESMAN.+

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Two volumes have now been issued of the collected addresses and State papers of Mr. Elihu Root. His is a name dear to English. men for his undeviating sympathy with the Allied...

JAPANESE MEMORIES.•

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Miss HOWARD has had unique opportunities of seeing Japanese life from the inside. In 1900 she went to Japan to act as " Home Instructor " to the five sons, ranging from six to...

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Pictures of War Work in America. By Joseph Pennell. (Lippin-

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cott. 9s. net.)—In a former volume dealing with war work in Eng- land Mr. Pennell proudly announced " I do not believe in war," and in the present work he reiterates this...

The Glory of Zeebrugge and the ` Vindictive.' By Keble

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Howard. (Chatto and Windus. is. net.)—Every one ought to read this spirited pamphlet, containing conversations with Captain Carpenter and others who took part in the gallant...

The Amazing City. By John F. Macdonald. (Grant Richards. 8s.

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6d. net.)—This is a further selection, with a Preface by Mrs. Frederika Macdonald, from the late Mr. J. F. Macdonald's sketches of Parisian life, contributed between 1907 and...

Boundaries in Europe and the Near East. By Sir Thomas

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Holdich. (Macmillan and Co. 8s. 6d. net.)—Sir Thomas Holdich has reprinted in this interesting volume some lectures on the chief boundary problems which have to be settled as...

An instructive article on " The Future of the Albanian

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State " by Captain J. S. Barnes appears in the Geographical Journal for July. In dealing with the highly controversial problem of Albania's frontiers, Captain Barnes strives to...

The War of Chupas. By Pedro de Cieza de Leon.

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Translated by Sir Clements Markham. (Hakluyt Society.)—The late Sir Clements Markham in the closing years of his long life translated and edited with his accustomed care this...

If We Return. By G. B. Manwaring. (J. Lane. 3s.

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6d. net.)— These " letters of a soldier of Kitchener's Army," written last year, are interesting not so much for the vivid little notes on. French he as for the author's...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Rote* in di. COIUMA does sot nocessaray preclude aubsequont roam.] A General's Letters to his Son on Minor Tactics. (Hugh Rees. 2s.)—We can commend to young officers this...

Problems of Reconstruction. With an Introduction by Lord Crewe. (T.

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Fisher Unwin. 8e. 6d. net. )—This volume contains the addresses delivered at the summer meeting at the Hampstead Garden Suburb last August. Among the more suggestive of them...

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General Foch at the Marne. By Charles Le Goffic. Translated

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by Lucy Menzies. (Dent. 4s. 6d. net.)—This is a highly interesting account of the fighting in and near the marshes of St. Gond during the battle of the Marne. It is not a...

Tropic Daye. By E. J. Bonfield. (T. Fisher Unwin. 165.

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net.) In this book Mr. Bonfield continues his record of life " on the smooth beaches and in the silent bush " of his island off the coast of North Queensland, a record begun in...

Messrs. Stanford have published an excellent map of Denmark and

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Schleswig-Holstein (2s. 6d.) to illustrate the battle of Jutland. The courses of the Fleets during the action are clearly marked in red.