10 NOVEMBER 1877

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The Conservatives in France have failed even more completely in

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the election of the Councils-General than in the election of Deputies. In the latter they did at least diminish materially (for the moment, and pending the revision of their...

The Marquis of Hartington has been making political speeches in

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Scotland all the week,—very sensible and good ones, on the whole,---which he began by telling the people of Glasgow on Monday that the House of Commons does not foster modesty,...

The suspense in France is still as great as ever.

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The Chamber of Deputies has done nothing important as yet, except refusing to validate at once the election of an official candidate for an uncontested seat, by a majority of...

Mukhtar Pasha, " the victorious," has been severely defeated again.

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He held, with the assistance of Ismail Pasha—the leader of the Kur ds—a fortified position on the Deveboyun, arange of bills in front of Erzeroum. Here he was attacked on...

Of course, with disaster there is discontent at Constantinople, and

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rumours of revolution are in the air. As these rumours are usually stated, the Peace Party desire to restore Sultan Murad, said to have recovered, and to summon Midhat Pasha to...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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Y ESTERDAY was Lord Mayor's Day, and all her Majesty's Ministers were to attend the banquet at the Guildhall. Lord Beaconsfield was expected to make a great speech, and all...

The news from the European side is less distinct, but

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intelli- gible. Plevna is now surrounded, is full of disease, and is pro- visioned only for a few weeks, the Turkish statements on that sub- ject being merely Asiatic...

*,* The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript in any

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case.

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At Glasgow the following day (Wednesday) Lord Hartington devoted himself

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more to the subject of the County Franchise, and delivered a rather neat refutation of Mr. Lowe. Our various Acts for extending the franchise were not, he said, in his opinion,...

Mr. Gladstone was presented on Wednesday with the freedom. of

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the city of Dublin, and made in return a speech of considerable importance. After acknowledging the "kind compulsion " which had induced him to break silence, and hinting very...

In the speech at Edinburgh on Tuesday,—of the most important

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portions of which we have said enough elsewhere,—Lord Harting- ton, after arguing that a party does not do the less when it sue- coeds to power for not having pledged itself...

The Indian famine is officially pronounced at an end. Rain

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has fallen, upwards of a million persons hitherto sustained on the relief-works and in the relief-camps have returned to their labour, and the Duke of Buckingham telegraphs to...

Mr. Chamberlain followed on the same side, saying that it

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was time either for leaders or followers to lay down a programme, and for himself, so that they had one, he did not care whether the first • object were Disestablishment or the...

A great Liberal meeting was held at Rochdale on Wednesday,

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at which both Mr. Bright and Mr. Chamberlain spoke. Mr.. Bright's topic was, first of all, the Land Laws, which he de- flounced as tending to monopoly ; and then the...

In the course of this speech, Mr. Gladstone expressed an

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opinion upon the Land Laws of Great Britain which may prove one day to be of high political importance. "I am bound to- say, in the first place, that 1 attach no value to our...

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There is a strong argument for a Court of Review

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in criminal cases to be found in the monstrous inequality in the severity of the sentences awarded by different Judges to the same offence. As has been pointed out in the....

The Times publishes same interesting letters from the Cape, 'including

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one from Colonel Eustace, the late Resident with Kreli. The general drift of them all is that Kreli has really become hostile to the British, owing, other accounts say, to a...

A correspondent of the Guardian of this week—the Rev. G.

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Cecil White—has a notable suggestion for the reform of Convocation. He thinks it quite right that the laity should be represented in the Church-body of the future, but,— they...

The British Medical Journal says that the Scientific Grants Committee

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of the British Medical Association, at a meeting held on Wednesday, appointed Mr. Callender, Dr. Burdon Sanderson, Dr. Lauder Brunton, and Mr. Ernest Hart, a Committee of...

In distributing on Wednesday the certificates and prizes obtained by

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the workmen of the Woolwich Arsenal in the Art and Science classes held there, the Secretary of War, Mr. Gathorne Hardy, took occasion to remark that intellectual work is a...

Mr. Cross, with his usual judgment, has remitted two-thirds 'of

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the monstrous sentence of twenty-one days' imprisonment with hard labour, passed by Mr. Barstow, the police-magistrate of Clerkenwell, on the child William Lambourne, for taking...

The American Republicans are battling fiercely to prevent the repeal

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of the Resumption Act, which directs resumption from let January, 1879, using all the forms of the House for the pur- pose ; and Mr. Hayes will, it is understood, veto any new...

Consols were on Friday 94 to 94.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE COLLAPSE IN ARMENIA. E NGLISHMEN have been so accustomed to study despotism in its modern form—despotism in the hands of a Clow always afraid of resistance, always fearful...

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THE PROSPECT IN FRANCE. T HE prospect in France is still

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far from unclouded, though it needs only a little of that new wisdom of moderation which the Republicans have shown under very trying circum- stances for the last six months, to...

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LORD HARTINGTON IN SCOTLAND.

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THERE is no doubt that Lord Hartington will do. We have never thought him the very best leader the Liberal party might have had, even in default of Mr. Gladstone. He will always...

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THE FINANCIAL POSITION OF PRUSSIA.

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T HE English disposition to over-rate the importance of wealth as an element in national strength is apparently incurable. Within the last twenty years, it has disturbed the...

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AN ENGLISH APOLOGY FOR THE MARSHAL.

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A WRITER in the Dublin Review has made a present to Marshal MacMahon which, if the Marshal could but appreciate it, would be a most useful and timely offering. It has probably...

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BISHOP FRASER ON POPULAR OPINION, OLD AND NEW.

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TN the lecture delivered yesterday week to the Edinburgh 1 Philosophical Institution by the Bishop of Manchester, on the responsibility attached to the formation of opinion, it...

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T THE RECTOR OF LINCOLN ON BOOKS AND CRITICS. HE least

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Don-like English that we meet in periodicals is written by a very big Don. The Rector of Lincoln ought to have been a Frenchman. There is an easy contempt about his style, a...

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CORRESPONDENCE.

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THE LAST SCENES OF THE SHOGUNATE. Tokio, Japan, September 13, 1877. IT is not every day, even in these stirring times of change, that one has a chance of seeing the last of a...

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ENGLISH COLONISTS AT HONG KONG. rro THE EDITOR OF THE

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"SPEOTAT0R.1 Stn,—In a paragraph in the Spectator of last week, you draw attention to the action of Mr. Pope Hennessy, with reference to the Hong Kong Gaol, in which you allow...

A'ERS TO THE EDITOR.

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.LN/S COLLEGE AND THE UNIVERSITY OF LONDON. ITO THE EDITOS OF THE "SPECTATOR.") • s9 - —If you are not tired of the University question, may I ask a to allow me space for a...

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AUTHORITY OF TEXTS.

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(TO THE EDITOR OF THE " EPROTATOR.") SIR,—I beg to thank you and your correspondents for your courteous and very interesting comments upon my letter. I cannot allow that my...

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THE TWO SUPERFLUITIES.

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(TO THE EDITOR OF THR ., EITOTATOR:1 Sin,—May I submit to you and, if it be found fitting, also to your readers, what seems to me to be a practical summary of certain advanced...

MR. BALDWIN BROWN AND UNIVERSALISM.

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[TO TIM EDITOR OF TRH " BrIDDTATOR."] SIII,—Permit a very few words of rejoinder to Mr. Baldwin Brown's statement that I have charged Universalism upon him. On referring to my...

MR. J. S. MILL ON IMMORTALITY.

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fTO THE EDITOR. OF THE " EFROTATOR.") SIE,—If Professor Stanley Jevons will examine my letter in the .Spectator of October 27, he will see, I think, that it in no way , commits...

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THE ARMENIAN SCARE.

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[TO TRH EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR:'] Sxn,—As a specimen of the kind of argument which seems to be thought good enough for Turkophiles, may I call your particular attention to...

P OETRY.

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PENARD CASTLE. FAST on their craggy foot-hold, 'spite decay And all the powers of air 'twixt sea and land, Thy walls, weird, solitary Penard, stand, High o'er the stream that,...

ART.

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THE HUMAN ELEMENT IN LANDSCAPE PAINTING. NOT long since, in discussing various theories of painting and its• influence with an artist friend of mine, the question came to be'...

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BOOKS.

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MR. BROWNING'S AGAMEMNON."* Winti the German public was disputing about the relative merits of Goethe and Schiller, the former is said to have good-humouredly remarked that it...

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DOWDEN'S SHAKESPEARE PRIMER.* THx appearance of a Shakespeare primer is

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of itself a fact of some literary importance. The smallness of the book gives it a peculiar interest, and it is a most hopeful sign of the times that Shake- speare should form...

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IHNE'S HISTORY OF ROME.—VOL. III.* SOME years have now elapsed

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since Mr. Freeman expressed his fears that Curtius might come to displace Grote in the hands of English students, and his hopes that Mommsen would not come to be looked up to as...

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GOETHE AND MARIANNE VON WILLEMER.*

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EVERY reader of Goethe must remember how often the name of Suleika occurs in the lyrical poems entitled the West-aviliche Divan. The seventh book of the cycle is indeed...

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SOME MAGAZINES.

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NOVEMBER is always a good month for the Magazines, the pub- lishing trade then beginning to be active, and this time they are so full of matter that it is a little difficult to...

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A Very Old Question: a Novel. By T. Edgar Pemberton.

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(Samuel Tinsley.)—The old question asked once more in this novel is," Whether love lead fortune, or else fortune love?" but we do not find it any more near to a solution, whoa...

The Trust : an Autobiography. By Joan lo Pour. (Samuel

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Tinsley.) —The assumption of a male name by the lady who writes this Auto- biography is oven less successful than assumptions of the kind usually are. The book is not only a...

Em; or, Spells and Counter - Spells. By M. Bramston. (Mamas Ward)

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—Harold Harfager, Lord Carton's only son, has been kept in leading- strings by his father. Ho breaks loose from them, so far as to take a tour, incognito, in Devonshire, and...

are assuming a predominant place in the novels of the

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day. They have superseded the sentimental " mistakes of the heart " which were in vogue at a period less hard and realistic than the present, and when gentle Vagnenesses suited...

CURRENT LITERATURE.

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Seventeen Years in the Yoruba by Mrs. Hinderer for five yea al o e h rs of her life in Africa, and also from the editor's recollection of person intercourse with her....

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Nuw EDITIONS.—We have the second volume of a now edition

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of the Works of Robert Burns (William Paterson.) The speciality of this edition, which has been already noticed in these columns, is to give in an absolutely,complete form all...

Life in the Cloister, in the Papal Court, and in

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Exile : an Auto- biography. By Giuseppe Maria Campanella. (Bentley and Son.)— This is the sequel to a volume which excited considerable interest about three years ago. Signor...

Grey Abbey. By "Old Calabar." 2 vols. (Chapman and Hall.)—

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The prominent personage in this novel is the Rev. Mr. Sladen, who, after taking a double-first at Oxford, and getting ordained in a very irregular fashion (but a sporting...

.Memoir of James Houghton. With Extracts frees his Private and

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Published Letters. By his Son, Samuel Haughton. (Ponsonby, Dublin ; Longmano, London.)—Mr. Haughton took a prominent part in almost every philanthropic and liberal movement that...

Gleanings from the Municipal and Cathedral Records of Exeter. By

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W. Cotton, F.S.A., and the Venerable Archdeacon Woolicombe. (James Townsend, Exeter.)—Both the Chapter and the Corporation of Exeter seem to be well furnished with ancient...

The New School - Ma'ain. (A, Loring, Boston, U.S.)—American stories, unless they

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are really humorous, are generally very dull indeed ; and they have a tendency to puzzle us, which is, perhaps, our owe fault, because wo fail to make out the "who's who" of...