10 MAY 1930

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News of the Week

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The By-Election O N Tuesday at Fulliam the Government lost their first seat at a by-election. Sir Cyril Cobb, who won the seat, did not detach himself from the Unionist Party...

For our part we cannot help feeling that Mr. Banfield,

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who had the advantage of not being opposed by a Liberal, could have done much more to state the Free Trade case against Lord Beaverbrook's Protectionism with its misleading...

The Situation in India - The news from India is

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still grave, but better than might have been- expected.. On Monday morning, Mr. Gandhi was arrested in his camp at Jalalpur. Receiving every consideration; he was removed by...

The chief warning is to the Government. If there has

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not been disenchantment among the friends of Labour there must at least have been an unusual lethargy. Even when allowance has been made for the trickiness of by-elections it is...

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1.—A Subscription to the SPEcTAToR C0148 Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the - 1601d. The SPECTATOR is registered a8 is Newspaper. The Postage On...

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Church and State in Malta The Archbishop of Malta, on

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Thursday, May 1st, issued a pastoral letter, the effect of which was to pronounce it a mortal sin for anyone to vote for the Government party in the forthcoming elections. This...

The effect of the new Press ordinance has, unfortunately, been

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to multiply " bazaar " rumours, so much so that the Government have issued a special communiqué from Simla with regard to the disturbances at Peshawar. It appears that on April...

The New Canadian Tariff The new Customs Tariff disclosed in

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the Budget of Mr. Charles _Dunning, the Canadian Minister of Finance, gives great advantages to Great' Britain. The Tariff is increased in only eleven items, and is decreased in...

Lord Irwin evidently does not despair of attracting the more

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reasonable Indian leaders to the policy of con- ciliation and conference. He already has the support of the Mohammedans who follow Mr. Jinnah, besides the Liberals and...

The Egyptian Treaty When we write, on Thursday, the Anglo-Egyptian

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negotiations, which were suspended during the Easter recess, are going through an extremely anxious stage. Even if Mr. Henderson has convinced the Egyptian delegates that they...

Growing Agitation in Spain Spain's proud record of six and

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a quarter years of a Dictatorship without bloodshed was ingloriously spoilt on Monday. The students of the Medical School in Madrid, the most volatile and vocal of Spanish...

In 'towns so far apart as Peshawar, Karachi, Bombay, Howrah

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(just across the river from Calcutta) and Delhi, there has been serious rioting—the tinder of mob violence to which the arrest of Mr. Gandhi has applied the spark. On Tuesday,...

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The Royal Academy Banquet The customary speeches at the Royal

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Academy Banquet last Saturday were enlivened by a daring sally. Lord Moynihan ingeniously traced the relations between painting and medical science. In such a gargoyle as that...

The Mosley Memorandum The Daily Herald states that the Cabinet

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Sub-Committee which has been considering the Mosley Memorandum on Unemployment has "definitely and emphatically" rejected it. This is very interesting information. We have been...

The Memorandum, signed by Mr. Lansbury and Mr. Johnston as

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well as -by Sir Oswald Mosley, does not seem to go beyond what was proposed or implied in Labour and the Nation, but of course the Cabinet has allowed the policy of that famous...

The University Grants Committee The Report of the University Grants

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Committee, which surveys the effect of the State grants to the Universities in the past five years, is very encouraging. On the strength of it the Chancellor of the Exchequer...

Charing Cross Bridge On Tuesday the Private Bill Committee of

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the House of Commons rejected the London County Council's scheme for a new Charing Cross Bridge. It will be remem- bered that the Committee had -approved of the northern section...

Bank Rate, 3 per cent., changed from 3i per 'cent,

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on May 1st, 1930. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 1011 7 gx.d. ; on Wednesday week, 1031 ; a 'year ago,' 1001x.d. ; Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 891; on...

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Thoughts on Mr. Gandhi's Arrest

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W HEN Mahatma . Gandhi set out on his spectacular march' to Surat from his 'Ashram at Ahmedabad on March 12th it was inevitable that sooner or later the Government of India...

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The Consumers' Council

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T HE intention of the Government in 'introducing the Consumers' Council Bill is so excellent that it is disagreeable to criticize the, scheme. -Up to a certain „point we can...

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The Real Path to Prosperity

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The Least We • Can Do for Agriculture T HE last article that we published in our series "The Real Path to Prosperity" concerned British agri- culture, and in it Mr. E. F....

[Owing to pressure on our space the second article on

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"The New Germany and Great Britain," by Mr. G. Henderson is held over. Next week we shall also begin the publication of a new series in connexion with the forthcoming Lambeth...

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War Books and War

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T HE sudden popularity of books about the War has inspired a controversy in which authors as well as their books are attacked with the virulence of a Milton in his most...

The Week in Parliament

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T HE House of Commons began quietly after the recess. On Tuesday, Mr. Greenwood endeavoured, not wholly without success, to soothe the nerves of those who regard with...

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The Food' of Foods

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M ILK is the food foods for all mammals—of whom - od man is the chief. It is the only food actually designed or evolved by nature to be a food for them. The muscles of the ox,...

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English as a World Language

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(Undoubtedly one of the phenomena of post-War Europe is the spread of the English language, though whether it will ever become the universal language depends on too many factors...

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Report of the County Stor ies • • Compet i t ion • 'FROM almost

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every county of En g land and many 2-* of Ireland,' ,Wales and Scotland have gathered to the office of the Spectator representative expressiona, of local art, philosophy and...

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The Theatre

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r" THE SILENT WITNESS." BY JACK DE LEON AND JACK CELESTIN. AT THE COMEDY THEATRE. "His EXCEL- LENCY THE GOVERNOR." BY CAPTAIN ROBERT MAR- SHALL. AT THE KINGSWAY THEATRE. "THE...

[PROFILE PORTRAITS BY RALPH PEACOCK BARBIZON HOUSE ' , HENRIETTA STREET.] Mr.

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Ralph Peacock's work as a portrait painter is well known. Examples of his portraiture are to be found in the National Gallery, Millbank, and in several public Galleries in...

Art

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[ROYAL ACADEMY—SECOND IMPRESSIONS.] Wrrs every year's exhibition at Burlington House, the hue and cry goes up with a certain insatiable expectancy for " problem 'pictures,"...

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Music

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[THE HAMPTON CHOIR.] THESE negro choristers stand in four grave rows, the women in white with their hands folded before them, the men in black with hands behind their backs....

A Hundred Years Ago

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THE "SPECTATOR," MAY 8TH, 1830. THE Meaci or MORALITY. At the Marlborough Street Office, a parish clerk who was called on to give evidence in a case of bigamy, stated to the...

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Pleiades

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ger 71 8'otkOs . jpeteiv eye IleXaci&ov A TriX649ev 'flapicova veicrOat. (PINDAR) le is no great wonder that universities should quarrel with One another. There is a...

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The relic signs of a busy community add to the

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wonder. Next door are, or were, two long, magnificent avenues leading from nowhere to nowhere. Numbers of old fish-ponds succeed one another down the slope. The immense and...

One effect of the sanctuaries has been to breed a

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respect for the rarer birds in the neighbourhnod. So: thoughtful has been the management, and so little exclusive the entrinc.i to the sanctuary that its particular gospel has...

* * * *

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These spacious reserves are restoring to the East Coast almost as many species as Hereward the Wake knew ; and the old chronicles of Crowland and that neighbourhood make the...

BIRD-RINGING.

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Just twenty-one years ago a regular practice of ringing birds (mostly in this country nestlings) was set afoot ; and over a quarter of a million birds of most species have been...

I think it was Lord Grey, who may be called

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one of the -fathers of the water-bird sanctuary, who noticed that some - duck became tame directly they entered the pale, though they remained wild. even at a hundred- yards...

Country Life

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WORTHLESS ACRES. Some precise figures, on a subject to which I have often referred, have just been given Me ; and they may serve as comment on a remarkable letter recently...

* * * *

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THE SANcrueav. Hew very considerable a debt we owe—that is, if we take any interest in either birds or scenery—to those landowners who set aside large areas of land as...

* * * SPRING'S RECOVERY.

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Now that spring has really blossomed we can see how much smaller than we feared are the ill-effects o.? hall, snow and frost of Easter. The chief sufferers, perhaps, were the...

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Letters to the Editor

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GOVERNORS-GENERAL FROM THE DOMINIONS [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The possibility of the appointment of an Australian as Governor-General of the Commonwealth has...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sut,—You seem intuitively to have understood the truth that underlies the present Indian situation, but human life is still governed by custom and prejudice, and intelligent...

THE INDIAN SITUATION

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sue,—I thank you for your kindly welcome of my . letter published in your issue of April 26th; but from a, perusal of the remarks 'Which, you...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The news of Gandhi's

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arrest will have brought a sense of relief to some of your readers who feel that the independence movement, with its inevitable outbursts of violence, is of his making. To...

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PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—A short

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paragraph in your first article last week admits the "charm " of proportional representation which -" gives as nearly as possible an . accurate representation of every party in...

PROTECTION AND FREE TRADE _ [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Sta,—A significant phrase in your own note to an article headed "The Real Path to Prosperity," appears in your issue of April 28th. The phrase is, " Tariffs and...

APA [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] sin,—It may interest

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readers of the Spectator to know that the first News Bulletin of the All Peoples' Association, APA (pronounced Ahpa), in French, German and English, telling of the progress of...

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UNEMPLOYMENT

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{To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin, hasten to congratulate Captain Petavel on the magnificent start which he has made with the evolution of a homecrofting educational colony....

THE RESURRECTION

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I picked up the Spectator of April 26th in the hotel reading room this afternoon and read the letter on the Resurrection by " Layman."...

' [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIn_:It is curious how the eighteenth century abstract theory that - trade is an exchange of goods has been accepted and perverted until it has no real meaning. Trade takes many...

THE PROBLEM OF MARKETS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Mr. Oakley Hill's message seems to divide itself into two parts, the first illustrating Great Britain's backwardness in marketing motor...

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THE MODERN POINT OF VIEW

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, — For the last_ ten years I have spent most of my week- ends , walking on the Sussex Downs around Lewes. I have got to know their...

CINEMA OR ZOO? • [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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have read with great interest -the contributions of Major Yeats:Brown and Mr. KinisfordNenner regarding zoos —proper and' improper—and, after twenty-five ',years spent' in...

POINTS FROM LETTERS

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PORTLAND ISLAND MUSEUM. . We are informed that this museum is now completed and will be glad to receive articles of interest in connexion with Portland which members of the...

When Hedges Crabbed Have Kinder Grown

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WHEN hedges crabbed have kinder grown, And rooks forsake the unhomely sky To flop about in likely boughs, And ponds forget their misery, In that steep field two cherry trees,...

STAG HUNTING

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,-.:-May I, as an Exmoor naturalist, who does not hunt, reply to some of your correspondents on this subject ? In the Spectator for April...

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Some Books of the Week

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MA4011-GENEAAL SIR WYNDIIAM Camps has had a remarkable career, for he was a Staff_Captain at the War Office in 1910 and the Deputy Adjutant-General to the British Expeditionary...

A New Competition

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Tim Editor offers a prize of five guineas for the competitor whose selection of the five best brains in Great Britain most nearly accords with the majority verdict. The...

The title, Service Trials and Tragedies, by Lieutenant- Colonel F.

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E. Whitton (Hutchinson, 18s.) might give the impression that here was another volume of war reminiscences, but Colonel Whitton is already known as the author of several serious...

(" General Knowledge Competition" and " More Books of the

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Week" will be found on pages 798 and 792.)

My Life Story from. Archduke to Grocer, by Herr Leopold

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Wolffing (ex-Archduke Leopold of Tuscany) is one of those exceptional books of autobiography which are really worth the guinea charged by the publishers. Indeed, Messrs....

When The Economics of Safeguarding, by Alexander Ramsay (Berm, 8s.

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6d.), was written it was probably intended to support the Conservative Party policy on that question. Since then, however, this policy has changed. Mr. Baldwin has removed from...

In demurely humorous imitation of the old eighteenth century manner,

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Mr. Walter de in Mare describes his - book, Desert Islands (Faber and Faber, 21s.) as being" The Voyage of a Hulk, called by courtesy a Lecture, that was launched under the...

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The Abolition of Battleships

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Naval Warfare. By Admiral Sir H. W. Richmond. (Ernest Berm. es.). IN this very intelligently written essay, entitled Naval Warfare, one can see the genesis of some remarkable...

The Day Before Yesterday

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WHAT is the nature of the real interest which most of us take in the past ? The same surely as that of our interest in the present. That is to say, it is social rather than...

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" Perdita "

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Tok lovely Mary . Robinson was a woman of considerable intellectual gifts as well as one of extraordinary beauty and easy virtue. In Garrick's opinion she was . a first-rate...

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Looking Forw ard

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My Hopes and Fears for the Church. Edited by the Very Rev. H. R. L. Sheppard. (Murray. 7s. (Id.) LITERATURE bearing on the deliberations of the Lambeth Conference is steadily...

A Prosperous Voyage

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Hammersmith Hoy. By Nigel Playfair. (Faber and Faber. Sia NIGEL PLAYFAIR calls his memoirs "A Book of Minor Revelations." It is partly an autobiography and partly an account of...

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THE SEVENTH GATE. By Muriel Harris. (Cape. 7s. 6d.) —The

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opening scene of this very queer novel takes place in the house of Doctor Risaleur, a celebrated anthropologist, who is visited by Catharine Troon, who has been impressed by an...

Fiction

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' THE SCHOOL FOR WIVES. By Andre Gide. (Knopf. Os.)—We have here a novel which is written in the form of a diary, kept by a woman during the days of her engagement and married...

achieved such a sensational success a few years ago. Like

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its predecessor it describes the terrible flood which Over- • whehns half Europe in a night, killing off and Scattering the population, and leaving only small Wands of land...

The Magazines

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The Nineteenth Century contains first a fighting analysis of "The First Socialist Budget," by Sir E. Hilton-Young, followed by "The Tragedy of Palestine," by Lord Sydenham of...

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THE IMMORTAL LOVER. By John A. Steuart. (Harrap. 6d.)—Carlyle once

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remarked of Robert Burns : "True and genial as his poetry must appear, it is not chiefly as a ' poet but as a man that he interests and affects us." These words provide the...

Satan the Waster, by Vernon Lee (The Bodley Head, 5s.),

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was published ten years ago and completely ignored by all the critics (except, of ,course, Mr. Bernard Shaw). It is not altogether surprising. The state of public feeling at...

. I AM JONATHAN SCRIVENER. By Claude Houghton. (Thornton Butterworth.

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7s. 6d.)—By an excellent device , the principal character and the most arresting one in this book does not appear in it at all. He merely, for his own queer ends, causes...

More Books of the Week

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(Continued from page 785.) Perhaps The Diary of a Dog (Cecil Palmer, 5s.) is not a book for everybody. The present writer, who has himself driven from Banint to Cashmere, and...

The April number of Apollo comes as a very pleasant

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pendant to the Exhibition of Italian Pictures at Burlington House. Whoever was responsible for the selection of the beautiful coloured and halftone plates which accompany Signor...

EXILES. By Warwick Deeping. (Cassell. 75. 6d.)— Admirers of Mr.

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Deeping's sturdy young _men will be pleased to find their feminine equal in his latest novel. Barbara Brown, who goes to Italy to help a cold-bath devotee to run a library and...

THE LADY JEAN. By Frank Dilnot. (Brentanos. 7s. 6d.)—There is

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a great vigour and sturdiness about Mr. Dilnot's new book, which deals with an imaginary situation in the history of England,' and shows how , a Kentish girl very nearly took...

• Ritchie proved her worth as an observer, and in

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her second she displays the same careful faculty. She has a knack of describ- ing the small details of life, and at the same time keeping her readers aware of the larger issues....

Public Assistance, by Geoffrey Drage (John Murray, 15s.), is composed

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of letters, articles, and petitions published or presented . to ministers by the author, and the Denison House Committee. Readers of the Times will be familiar with the tenor of...

The designs of carpets, tapestries, aprons, skirts, table cloths, etc.

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which have been reproduced in Mr, George Opre:scu's Peasant Art in Roumania (The Studio, 7s. 6d.), are truly exq_uisite. They should be a great delight and assistance to anyone...

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Notes for Collectors THE coming of the motor car has

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in no way weakened the Englishman's love of the horse, whether on the race- course or in the hunting-field. Thus, it is easy to under- stand the ever-growing popularity of the...

A Thousand Words on Interior Decoration, A THOUSAND words on

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five thousand years of house embellishment ! Where to begin, *here end ? Let us narrow it down. Time, the present ; place, England. But even so, we have some ten million...

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Modern First Editions _

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THE present frequency with which first editions are sold out within a few days of publication indicates an in.. creasingly large number of collectors of—and speculators...

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Travel

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The Coast of the Moor - [W e publish on this page articles and notes which may help our readers in their plans for travel at home and abroad. They are Written by correspondents...

Mr. Fred Roe's industry has been well rewarded in the

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finds recorded in his Ancient Church Chests and Chairs in the Home Counties Round Greater London (Botsford, 218.). A sub-title defines his enterprise as "The Tour of an...

General . Knowledge tiestions • " A ' bitter, chill The

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owl, for all his feathers was a cold" . 4And whowjulle - - "Deep on the Convent roof the snows - Aie - sparkliiig to the ? 5. Who '.14taiked .through " The iieeret window...

(Continued from page 792.) Near Molokai, on the- Upper Nile,

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there is a region of great swamps, containing what is prohably the finest herd of elephants in the world. Sir Alan Cobham attempted to take moving-pictures of the mitiged...

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A Library List

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REFERENCE Booxs :-Subject Index to Periodicals, 1928. (Library Association. 13 10s.)-Things Seen in Belgium By Clive Holland. (Seeley, Service. as. 6d.)-The Little Oxford...

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B. S. T.

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A year ago the Report of British Shareholders Trust was favourably affected in special degree by the financial activities connected with the flotations of new loans, and on that...

Financial Notes

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UNCERTAIN MARKETS. THE feature on the Stock Exchange at one time during the past week was the great buoyancy of gilt-edged securities, following upon the reduction in various...

LEGAL AND GENERAL.

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. The Annual Report of the Legal and General Assurance Society,Limited, shows that during 1929 the net new business retained by the Society was 18,694,000 as compared with...

• UNION . BANK . OF SCOTLAND.

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The Union .Baiili , of Scotland is celebrating this year its centenary, and *the latest Manual report - is worthy of the occasion. There is a further increase in the annual...