forma null Colonial.

I 1' 11111.—The French Court went to Compiegne on Monday to enjoy the pleasures of the chase. A report was published in England that the Emperor intended to put a stop to the free emigration scheme so far as the importation of African labourers is concerned. The Pays and the Patric declare the statement to be totally unfounded.

The Count de Montalembert is to be tried for an article in the Corre- spondant, entitled " a debate on India in the English Parliament"; and it describes a visit to this country undertaken to escape "from the sti- fling weight of an atmosphere loaded with servile and corrupting effluvia" to "a purer air," and the enjoyment of "a life-bath in five England." The publisher and the writer are both indicted on four charges : first, for attacking universal suffrage and the rights and authority of the Em- peror; secondly, of attacking the respect due to the laws ; thirdly, of exciting to hatred and contempt of the Imperial Government ; and, fourthly, of endeavouring to disturb the public peace by exciting citizens to mutual hatred and contempt.

A mansion has been hired at Toulon for the winter sojourn of the Grand Duke Constantine of Russia, who is coming to spend two or three months on Mediterranean shores. Villafianca, of course, and probably Turin, will receive an early visit; and it is said that he will make ex- cursions to the isle of Sardinia, to Corsica, and probably to Algiers. General de Salles, one of the French commanders in the Crimea, has been mortally wounded by the Count de Chenaleillee. The Count was a dangerous religious lunatic, and he shot the general in a struggle to get a revolver out of the hands of the maniac.

General de Belles, who was a deputy in the time of Louis Philippe, has been cut off at the age of 55. His wife is the daughter of Marshal Vallee. He commanded, as history will record, the second corps of the French army, at the decisive attack on Sebastopol. He was a brilliant general officer, and, had he lived, would probably have attained the high- est honours of the French army.

13 n ring a L—The facts touching the recent proceedings in the Tagus between the French and Portuguese Governments arc now pretty clearly made out. The Portuguese side of the question, very temperately stated by the Diario do Gorerno, or official gazette of Lisbon, of the 25th Oc- tober, does not coincide with the statement made in the Paris Moniteter. Here is the Portuguese resume of the whole transaction.

"On the 29th of November 1857, the commanders of the naval station of Mozambique captured the French bark Charles-et-Georges, because it was found anchored near the island of Quitangonia, in the Bay. of Couducia, a port interdicted to foreign commerce, and for having on board 110 negroes, who declared they had been forcibly shipped, independent of the vessel having on board effects which, according to the list attached to the decree of the 10th of December, 1836, are considered indicative of the illicit ;raffle in slaves.

" The Crown lawyer or advocate at Mozambique having on the 26th of December 1857, made his accusation in compliance with the said decree of the 10th of December 1836, against the captain and crew, for the infraes tion of the fiscal laws and the purchase of slaves, and all legal fonunlities having been complied with, sentence was issued on the 8th of March 1858, condemning the captain in two years of hard labour with the tine of 500 milreis (1001.), and condemning the vessel and specie, but absolving the crew. The Crown Advocate and the captain both appealed to the Court of Relacao (Cessation) at Lisbon against the said sentence. "The French Government, not recognizing the right of capture and the legality of the judgments of the Portuguese tribunals, under the pretext that the vessel was authorized to contract for labourers, and had on board a delegate appointed by the Governor of the Island of Reunion, demanded the delivery of the vessel and release of the captain.

" The Portuguese Government did not consider it could interfere in a matter which was before the tribunals, whose independence it could not touch without breaking the fundamental law of the State; and the French Government continuing its claims, especially in a note from its Minister at this Court on the 14th of September last, to which the Minister of Foreign Affairs replied on the 18th of the same month, and transmitted the docu- ments which explained the affair. The Government, by despatches of the 2d and 6th instant, directed its Minister at Paris to propose to the Imperial Government the decision of the pending question by the mediation of a third Power, to be chosen by the Emperor of the French, according to the principles set forth in Protocol No. 23 of the Paris Conferences on the 14th of April 1856. This proposal was immediately rejected. =" By devateh of the 13th instant, Count Waicwski, Minister of the Foreign Affairs of the French Empire, directed the Marquis de Lisle de

Sirs', Minister of France, at this Court, to inform the Portuguese Govern- ment that the Imperial Government would accept an arrangement upon the following basis .- "' Delivery of the captured vessel, release of the captain, twenty-four hours after the departure of the French ships-of-war from the Tagus ; me- diation of the King of Holland, to fix the indemnity to the parties interest- ed, France repelling all idea of mediation upon the question of right.' " Count Walewaki added that, upon the non-acceptance of this basis, the Minister of France should carry out the instructions he had received. These instructions would, according to the verbal explanation given by that Minister to the President of the Council, (Marquis de Louie,) as a last re- source, regult in his Excellency's retiring, with all the diplomatic and con- sular corps in Portugal, thus interrupting diplomatic and commercial rela- tions between the two countries, and leaving to Admiral Lavaud, Com- mander of the French naval forces in the Tagus, the termination of the pending question. Under these circumstances the Government, persisting in the convic- tion of its right, but seeing, at the same time the impossibility of making that right prevail, believed it to be its duty to assume towards the country the grave responsibility of ceding to the peremptory exactions of France, by directing the release of Captain Rouxel, and the delivery of the captured vessel to whomever the French Minister might designate.

" As regards the mediation indicated by the Imperial Government for fixing the sum demanded, under the title of indemnization' the Government considered that, mediation not having been accepted by France upon the question of right, the only one affecting the honour and dignity of the country, Portugal could not accept it upon the pecuniary question, and therefore left France to proceed in that respect as it may judge convenient, .declaring that it would cede to the resolution France may adopt, for the same reasons which had obliged it to cede to the other exactions.

" In this conformity a note was on the 23d instant sent by the Minister of Foreign Affairs (Louie) to the representative of the Imperial Government t this Court.

" All the documents relating to this matter will be laid before Parliament at the approaching opening of the Legislature."

A telegraphic despatch from Paris states, that " the French vessel Alfred, belonging to the colony of La Reunion, has been seized at Oibo by a Portuguese vessel of War, and taken to Mozambique. She was afterwards restored, but not till heavy losses had been incurred. An- other vessel belonging to La Reunion has been pillaged on the coast of Africa. The captain and a great part of the crew were massacred."

With regard to the " Delegate," whose presence in the Charles-et- Georges is so much relied on, the Paris correspondent of the Times

says— When we hear the name of Delegate,' we are apt to figure to ourselves some dignified personage, some high functionary of experience, weight, and rank, entitling him to represent a Government. Who are these persons de- corated with the high-sounding names of Delegates' to whom such impor- tance is sought to be given .• They are, I believe, nothing more nor less than aInnild de la Marine—clerks in a navy office, with emoluments averaging 1,2001.

" I am assured that the papers which the Portuguese Government will lay before the Chambers clearly show these three capital points :—The ab- " sence of contracts of engagements with the negroes; the declaration of the negroes that they were shipped against their will ; the fact of ten or twelve negroes brought on board with their hands tied behind their backs ; and, finally, the deposition of the ' Delegate,' who also declared that the opera- tions of the captain of the Charles-et-Georges were irregular,' and that he should report the fact to the Governor of Reunion." The condemned ship Charles and George could not be got ready to leave the Tagus on the 25th October, but on the following morning she was taken out by the French ships of war, whose ignoble convoy was hid from the shore-gazers by a dense fog. The Requin formed the advanced guard, followed by the Austerlitz, and then the Coligny with the slaver in tow, the Donawerth bringing up the rear.

16ru55 i H.—The Manteuffel Ministry has at length fallen. It appears that the introduction of M. Flottwell was intended as a hint to his col- leagues that they were no longer wanted. They declined so to under- stand it. At a cabinet meeting, Flottwell said he had tendered his re- signation, but that the Regent had declined to accept it, as "he was ex- pecting the resignation of the Cabinet in a body." "Red the Regent then, asked one of the uninitiated, " expressed to the Minister of the Interior his expectation that the Cabinet was to resign en masse ?" "Certainly he had." " Why, then, had not Herr Flottwell communi- cated this intimation of his Royal Highness's wishes to other members of the Cabinet ? " Rumour describes the Minister's answer to this na- tural question as being far less adroit that his habitual tact would have led us to look for. After holding on as long as they could, the Mantenffel Cabinet resigned, and the Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was di- rected to form a Ministry.

The following members of the new Prussian Ministry have been ap- pointed: Prince Hohenzollern, President of the Council ; M. Schleinitz, Foreign Affairs ; M. Bethman-Holweg, Public Instruction ; General Bonin, War. The Ministers Von der Ileydt (Trade), and Simons (Jus- tice), have received an offer of seats in the Administration which the Prince of Hohenzollern is forming—an offer which, however, they have declined to accept.

The Horning Post gives the following account of the new Ministers. " The new President of the Council is a gentleman of a high and princely family, nearly allied to the King of Prussia. His title, Prince of Hohen- zollern-Sigmaringen, is derived from the old manor of Hohenzollern in Suable. The father of the Prince, now President of the Council of Minis- ters in Prussia, adhered to the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806, and then received an accession of territory ; but these and all other Sovereign rights the now actual Minister renounced in 1849 in favour of the present King ef Prussia. In surrendering their Sovereign rights the Princes of Hohen- zollern-Sig,maringen and Hohenzollern-Heekingen were entitled to bear the title of " Highness " in Prussia, and to have rank of younger Princes of a royal house within the Kingdom. Few men are therefore more in- terested iu the prosperity of Prussia than the Prince who surrendered the forty-one thousand inhabitants of his little territory up to his relative, in order to incorporate them with a considerable kingdom, of which his rela- tive is the Sovereign. A soldier in the army of Prussia, having fairly risen to the rank of lieutenant-general, Prince Segmaringen knows what it is to obey as well as command. He is a man of a frank, honourable, aud intel- ligent mind, and though of decidedly Conservative and aristocratic opinions, yet his spirit and tendencies are liberal and progressive. " The new Minister for Foreign Affairs is a person of high intelligence and considerable experience. M. de Schleinitz has already, under the King, discharged effectively the duties of the office to which he is again appointed, and now, under better auspices, and better inspired, under the Regent, he

will, with more homogenous colleagues, give more general satisfaction toes country. Above all, he will, it is to be hoped, assume an independent ath.- tude in conducting the external relations of Prussia, and no longer see:, his country to move as a satellite in the orbit of Russia. " A notable change takes place for the better also in the Mini*" Public Instruction. Bethman-Holweg, son of the great Frankfort banae.; of that name, is one of the most instructed men in Germany. He dimin. guished himself both at the Universities of Gottingen and Berlin, sa, favourite pupil of Hugo and Savignv, and after having filled more than 0„,' professorship with distinction at Bei lin and Bonn, was made Rector of the former University. Thirteen years ago his services as functionary and by works on jurisprudence pointed him out to his Sovereign as a fitting km, to enter the Council of State. In 1846 he was deputy of the Rhenane Synod at the General Synod of Berlin, and in 1849 was a distinguished member of the first Prussian Chamber. A man of wealth, as well as of intelligence learning, and liberal opinions, he was ennobled by Frederick William sr: on his accession to the throne. Now in the full maturity of his fame, if not in his early vigour, Bethman-Holweg is placed at the head of Public In. struction, and he certainly is eminently qualified for the post. "One of the most distinguished of the scientific soldiers of Prussia, and, personal friend of the Regent (General Bonin), has been made Ministeg eg War. The name of Bonin has figured in the war annals of Prussia sins the days of the father of the great Frederick. His grandfather and father were distinguished soldiers, and the latter attained the rank of lieutenant. general. The present Minister of War has served two and fifty years, baring entered the army at the early age of thirteen. He made the earapeugar against Napoleon from 1806 to 1815, and since 1848 was employed in Sables wig- Holstein under Puttwitz. Since that period he has been commandant at Berlin, hashed the chief command of the cops d' armee assembled at Wetzlnr, on the frontiers of Hesse, has commanded at Troves, and was for a short time Minister of War in 1852, as successor to General Stockhausen. No officer in the Prussian service has a higher scientific repute, and he is the author of more than one work on the practical portion of his profession. General Bonin, with all the feelings and instincts of a soldier, is yet a man of his age and time, like the Wellingtons, the Angleseys, and George Ras rays of a past generation. His peculiar duties will of course lead him most into contact with the staff and soldiery. But the army in Prussia is re- cruited from all classes; and no man is better aware than Bonin that the Prussian army, though yielding a disciplined and loyal obedience, is yet an intelligent and educated force, recruited from, and frequently returning amongst, the people. Such a force requires a discreet and delicate treat. ment at all times."

St a 14 .—The Sardinian Government has just obtained a fresh token of the sympathy and esteem in which this country is held in Europe, thanks to the wise and liberal conduct it pursues. The Due d'Aumale has asked permission to have the young Count de Chartres (brother of the Count de Paris) educated in the Royal Military Academy of Turin, and this request the King and his Ministers have the more willingly granted, since in reply to an inquiry made at the French Legation on the subject, came an ex ofrio declaration that the French Government had no instructions to give to the contrary.

The Daily Telegraph, in its foreign correspondence, has kept up a continuous fire on the Villafranca question. According to its statements the Russians have discovered that the anchorage at Villafranca is not safe for ships of war, and could never be made a strong military position. A new convention has been concluded, providing that the Russians shall have a footing in Spezzia, and that in return for this valuable privilege Russia shall pay a certain sum towards the formidable fortifications about to be erected there. This piece of news is reported from Berlin and Paris.

Signor Garibaldi, a cousin of the famous Garibaldi, has been brutally murdered. Nice has been of late infested by a band of riotous fellows who insulted, the people in the streets and broke windows with impunity. The result has been murder. On the 28th October, three of the tubs lent band, Raymondi, Anfosso, and Martin, went to the house of Garibaldi loudly declaring their intention to beat some one. They demanded drink and ran into the garden.

" Two female servants who expostulated with the men were insulted; and one of the latter, striking a rose tree, vociferated, Were you a man, and not a tree, I would kill you.' A labourer, attracted by the noise, ad• yawed towards the three men, who, without further ceremony, commenced beating him with their fists and with stones. Two other labourers ap- proached, and having released their comrade, seized on one of the assailants. The master of the house, M. Garibaldi, arrived at this moment, and, having ordered the men to keep a firm hold of their captive, he despatched one of the women into the house to fetch writing materials in order to draw up report of the outrage. The other two assailants, on hearing this order, commenced hurling stones at M. Garibaldi ; and one of the two, Raymondi, encouraged by the absence of resistance, drew a knife and closed with the people of the house. One of the amen engaged iu holding the captive re- ceived two stabs, from which he haspartially recovered ; while M. Garibaldi received a mortal wound, and expired two hours afterwards. The three men escaped in the confusion • but, instead of seeking safety in immediate flight, they insulted.and maltreated other persons in the neighbourhood and then withdrew to their usual haunts, where they were captured on the following day." They have been tried and found guilty. The Court sentenced Bay- mondi to hard labour for life, Anfosso to twenty years of the same punishment, and Martin to three years' imprisonment. tiarittt—There has been another shuffle of the Ministerial cards at Constantinople. Mehemed All and All Ghalib have been restored to office, and All Pasha, the Grand 'Vizier, has sent in his resignation. All this is attributed to Lord Stratford and the reaction. The British ek Minister was greatly courted by the party expelled a short time since.

All Ghalib enjoyed his honours but a few days. He has been drowned in the Bosphorus in a collision between two vessels.

The ceremony of laying the foundation stone of the Memorial Chore/ at Constantinople was performed on the 19th October by Lord Stratford de Redcliffe. The site is on the road up from the Topkhana to Mesairi0,5 hotel, and the stone was laid close by a mosque. A number of Turkish women seated on the ground witnessed the proceedings. After the sad, glens ceremonies Lord Stratford made a speech. The ground, ho had been granted by the Sultan at his request, and on that account ra subscribers desired him to lay its foundation stone. The edifice would be a Protestant, an Anglican, and a memorial Church. It would be easily accessible to the British residents at Galata, and those busied in the pall and not inconveniently distant from Pera. It will be larger than say church yet erected in Stamboul. Its near neighbourhood to a mosque 13 a sign of the advancement of liberal ideas. " We may now anticipate the time, apparently near at hand, when the sae mariner, in approaching Constantinople from the south, will re- Bn' e among its first objects the tower of his country's church, and, wel- b Is appearance, lose the feelings of a stranger in the most endear-

corned If therzmaLas productive of so much advantage to e rem ections t, we have the consolation to reflect

humanity, bot past set and in em either did they who foug=1 fell under the banner of its justice teen their lives in vain. Though it was not my duty or my fortune to resign the toils and dangers of our gallant countrymen in the field, I can many bear witness to the cheerful fortitude .and truly Christian reaig- Lego displayed by those who had to. endure even severer trials on the bed °Diapers or under the surgeon s knife. Whether it was their lot to die or to survive they nobly maintained their character alike on the deck as in the Held, in the wards of the hospital as in the ranks of battle. Their exer- tions and sacrifices have, in truth, contributed powerfully to open the way for those unspotted acquisitions which no territorial aggrandizement can equal, and whose value is the more appreciated the longer it is enjoyed. Ifonour, unfading honour, be theirs ! Honour assigned not only to the departed by their lamenting comrades, but to all. by the consenting voices of an approving Sovereign and an applauding nation. Without distinction of class or rank the names of those who fell will be engraven on the walls of that sacred edifice, the foundation stone of which is now to be laid by my unworthy hands. Their achievements, so fruitful of good in all but their untimely end, will be long preserved in a more lively temple of glory— the memory of a loving people, confirmed and perpetuated by the records of a grateful age."

The interesting ceremonies were brought to a close by a short speech from Sir Henry Bulwer; the singing of " God save the Queen," three cheers for her Majesty and three for the Sultan.

Much excitement has been occasioned by the presence of the American frigate Wabash in the Golden Horn, and by the talk of her taking a cruise in the Black Sea.

The newspaper correspondents tell of an outrage upon the person of our Ambassador in Turkey. The most distinct statement is this.

"On the 29th October Sir Henry Bulwer was the object of an outrage in the main street of Pera, which has created a considerable local sensation. Attended by a black groom, his Excellency was riding down this narrow thoroughfare, when he met one of the Court carriages filled with ladies, and escorted, as usual, by a troop of eunuchs and palace servants. As these lumbering vehicles filled up nearly the whole width of the street, Sir Henry's groom called out to the coachman to draw a little to one side to let his master pass. Coaehee, with the usual insolence of these palace menials, replied that he would not move an inch for a Giaour, and kept on till Sir Henry was in imminent danger of being crushed against the side of the ad- joining house. Seeing this, the groom struck the near carriage-horse, to turn the vehicle aside, whereupon the driver returned the blow across the shoulders ot the former, who, showing fight, was speedily beset by the armed servants and eunuchs in attendance. As short work would have been made of the poor black if left to the mercy of these ruffians, Sir Henry rode into the melds to the rescue ; but although the groom and the bystanders called out to the palace people that it was the English Ambassador, it was not until, I believe, more than one blow had fdllen upon his excellency that the spectators succeeded in putting an end to the outrage. During the latter part of the squabble the confusion of the scene was enhanced by the discordant screams of the veiled occupants of the carriage, who, to do them justice, however, encouraged their myrmidons right loudly with shouts of Afertm ! aferim ! (Well-done, well-done) till they heard that the object of the indignity was the redoubtable English Ri- ches. Fear of the result then took the place of vixenish glee, and en- couraging laughter gave way to screaming orders to desist. The principal actors in this disgraceful outrage have, it is said, been severely punished ; but till something more than flogging and an apology is exacted for these brutalities, which are of frequent occurrence even in the heart of this Frank- ish quarter their pampered perpetrators are not likely to practise better manners. 'As it is, their prretorian insolence is beyond all toleration." Another letter describes Sir Henry as on foot ; and represents the con- flict as having been brought about by the zeal and pugnacity of his black attendant.

Lord Stratford is on his way to Rome.

VITii8.—A letter from Teheran of the 20th October furnishes some interesting news. " It will be remembered that the ex-Prime Minister Mina Agha asserted both in Persia and Europe that the rupture between Persia and England in 1855 arose out of an intrigue between Mr. Mur- ray, the British Minister, and the wife of Mimi Hachin Khan, one of Mina's officers. But the statement was totally unfounded ; and the Shah, having recognized its falsity, has just caused the following article to be inserted in the official organ. " Shortly after the arrival in Persia of his Excellency Mr. Murray, Minister of her Britannic Majesty, a coolness arose between him and the First Minister of this Government, and improper conduct was ascribed to the English Government. The thing was carried so far as to be published in the Official Gazette, and the rumour was widely circulated throughout the kingdom. An investigation having been made, it has been proved that all these accusations were false—were, in fact, pure inventions and gross ca- lumnies. It is to place the affair in its real light that we now publish this article in the Official Gazette, in order that it may be known to all the world that his Excellency Mr. Murray, and the other person named in this affair (the wife of Mime Hachin Khan is referred to) were entirely under the weight of a scandalous and unmerited accusation. This declaration shall also be inserted in " The History of Persia," in order that no one may en- tertain any doubt on the subject.' "The appearance of this article in the official journal has created a pro- found sensation throughout Persia. While waiting for a complete ex- amination of the accounts of the ex-Sadrazum (Prime Minister), this latter, who, as is known, is accused of extensive embezzlements, refuses to Pay, on pretext that he has not the means, the 9,000,000 francs which the Shah claims from him. Ho has, however, proposed to transfer to the Crown his stud, in which there are not fewer than 5,000 horses, camels, and mules • also to give up some gardens in the vicinity of the city. It is believed that the Shah will not accept the offer, and in any case the fallen minister is exiled. The approaching arrival of a special mission from Russia is announced, but what the object of it is not known."

;Min OWES—The Canada arrived at Liverpool on Sunday With advices from Halifax to the 21st October.

The Democratic party-appears to be losing ground. The State elec- tions have gone against it in Pennsylvania, Indiana, Ohio, and Missouri. .In New York, the only chance of the Democrats is in the disunion of the Republicans and Americans. The New York correspondent of the Daly News says-

" The stars in their courses seem really to fight for the Free-soil cause. No two men more unscrupulously devoted to the cause of slavery ever sat in the Presidential chair than Pierce and Buchanan, and yet all the efforts they have made in its behalf have resulted not in either strengthening or extending it, but in breaking the party ties which bound North and South together, in driving a host of timid conservative men into the Anti-slavery ranks, in alienating a vast number of Northern democrats, who, though Pro-slavery men at least, cannot stomach the insults and abuse which the Administration and its organs have been constantly heaping on the North, for the last six years. They have succeeded in bringing to pass that which all the Slavery party have for twenty years been labouring strenuously to avoid—the division of the Free States and Slave States into two hostile camps. The result is one of the most extraordinary to be found in the poli- tical annals of the country."

he name of Judge Douglas is now on everybody's lips as the pros able successor of Mr. Buchanan. But speculation is premature.

In regard to the condition of the Atlantic Telegraph Cable, the latest telegram states that the preconcerted signals arranged by Mr. Thomson have failed to elicit any improvement in the reception of signals at Trin- ity Bay.

The New York Herald has the following special piece of news-

" We have been placed in possession of information, confirming our state- ment in regard to the intention of the British Government to lay a cable between Ireland and Newfoundland. Arrangements will soon be made with the view of establishing communication between these two points next year, in the event of their being unable to work through the present line. In this matter the British Government are governed by their own interest, as they have already experienced the advantage of being placed in direct con- nection with their colonial possessions on this aide of the ocean. Before the cable stopped working they were enabled to send two despatches of the greatest value and importance to the colonial authorities ; and having once practically realized the benefit to be derived from the line, it is their policy and their interest to reestablish the communication at the earliest possible moment."

331 PTi TIE .—The latest advices from Mexico tell a disgusting story of the vilest faction fighting and bloody scramble for power and the treasury. Not only this but the foreign merchants have been subjected to the most flagrant cruelties short of murder to extort from them forced loans- 20,0001. being levied in this way in Tampico alone. One British mer- chant was seized and imprisoned in a filthy dungeon, in defiance of the British Consul and under the very folds of the British flag. [As in the case of the Cuban slave trade, so in the case of Mexican outrages, the Times uses them as an argument for British connivance at the annexa- tion of Mexico to the United States.]

latiffs—Telegraphic despatches from Bombay to the 9th October have come to hand. Mr. Anderson, Secretary to the Bombay Govern- ment reports that-

" The advanced force under Captain Mayne, consisting of 420 sabres of the Malwa Field Force, reached Seronge on the 30th of September, but found that the enemy under Tantia Tepee had broken up his camp, and re- treated towards Esanghur. This place the rebels attacked and captured on the 2d of October. Brigadier Smith, with his force from Goonah, reached Esanghur on the morning of the 5th of October. Tho enemy, with his guns and elephants, had the same morning, at sunrise, left the place for Chundaree. Brigadier Smith's cavalry, however, succeeded in capturing four guns. A combined movement is proposed for hemming the enemy in at Chundaree by the Mhow Field Force, the force under Brigadier Smith, and the troops at Goorid, Sanger, and Oojein.

"Major-General Mitchell has been placed in command of the troops serving in Rajpootana and Central India." The despatch of Mr. Consul Green adds a little to this information- " Several gallant affairs have taken place in various parts of Oude, all ending in the total rout and great destruction of the enemy, with trifling loss on our side. The campaign. has not yet commenced, but Lord Clyde has left Allahabad for Cawnpore, en route for Lucknow ; meanwhile the rebels are stated to be still in great numbers and ravaging the country, and sorely oppressing the inhabitants wherever our troops are not posted."

Sig/M.—Several most interesting letters have arrived this week from Jeddo, the capital of Japan, with fuller accounts of the proceedings of Lord Elgin, the negotiations, and the treaty.

It was on the 3d August that the small squadron, consisting of the Furious, Retribution and gun-boat Lee, with the steam-yacht Emperor, entered the port of Nagasaki! and the next day Admiral Seymour, with the Calcutta and Inflexible, joined the squadron. ''Nothing can exceed in picturesque beauty the Bay of Nagasaki and the situation of the city at its extremity ; swelling hills covered with the moat luxuriant verdure rise from the water's edge. The steep thatched roofs of snug cottages peep from out the dense foliage amid which they are nestled; white temples, perched upon overhanging points, contrast brilliantly with their dark green setting. In some places, precipitous walls of rock are mirrored in the azure blue of the water at their base ; in others, drooping branches kiss its calm surface. Green batteries guard projecting points, and rock-cut steps ascend the steep hill-sides, clothed with heavy forest or terraced with rice-fields. Boats of quaint construction, with sharp-pointed prows and broad sterns, above which flutter two black and white flags,—the imperial colours,—glance across the harbour, propelled by stalwart naked figures, who scull to the tune of a measured chant. The fore-past of the boat is covered by a roof, and contains a posse of two-sworded officials, who incontinently board each ship as it anchors, speak very fair Dutch, are ex- tremely inquisitive, but very gentlemanlike and goodnatured, and who, after official curiosity has been satisfied, proceed to make their reports, and return, in all probability, to circumnavigate the ship as a guard-boat during the rest of its stay in the harbour. A Dutch merchant-ship and a Japanese man-of-war screw-steamer were the only vessels in harbour when we arrived and anchored about half a mile from the shore. The city of Nagasaki covers a plain at the end of the harbour, but it has outgrown its area, and the houses cluster up the spurs of the hills that sink into it, and the streets are in places so steep as to render steps necessary. Formerly foreigners were not allowed to enter the town, and the Dutch were only permitted to leave their prison of Decima under a strong escort of officials, and when permission had been formally asked and obtained. Now, the barriers had been so far broken down that we explored at pleasure the shops and streets of the town—not, as in China, an offensive and disgusting ope- ration, but a charming and agreeable amusement. The streets are broad, clean, and free from foul odours; the people civil and courteous, and if the shops in the town do not afford many interesting objects of speculation, the bazaars, which are stocked with lacquer, china, &c., for the express benefit of foreigners are so tempting that few can leave them without experiencing a consWerable drain upon their resources." At Nagasaki it became necessary to determine whether the steam yacht should be presented there or at Jeddo. Happily Lord Elgin re- solved to carry her to the latter port, and parting company with the Ad- miral, he proceeded with his squadron first to Simoda.

" It was not until the morning of the 10th that they sighted the lofty volcanic mountain of Fusiyama. Tdwering like Etna to a perfect cone, with an elevation of about 11,000 feet above the level of the sea, it was first visible at a distance of upwards of 100 miles, its beautiful outline defined sharp and clear, with the first gray tints of morning. This celebrated moun- tain, so dear to the Japanese, has been created by him into a household god. Fusiyama is painted at the bottom of the delicate china cup from which he sips his tea ; it is represented on the lacquer bowl from which he eats his rice. He fans himself with Fusiyama—ho hands things to you on Fusiyama. It is on the back of his looking-glass, it is embroidered on the skirts of his garments, and it is the background of every Japanese work of art or imagi- nation. Simoda is a lovely but dangerous harbour. Its apparently shelter nooks and secluded coves woo into their embraces, and when the south win blows fiercely you are dashed to atoms upon their ribs of iron. The earth- quake which uTecked the Russian frigate Diana changed the surface of the

bottom, and there is now no good holding ground, but it is a fairy land to

look upon, and in calm weather the picture of repose and security. Here, too, there is a goyoshi or bazaar, and a better display of lacquer and china than at Nagasaki, but it is a town of no local importance, containing some 3,000 or 4,000 inhabitants, and when under the new treaty the port is shut Up will sink into its normal condition of a fishing village. Here it was discovered that the Americans, hurrying from the gulf of Pecheli, had endeavoured to discount our successes in the Peiho, by

using them to procure for themselves the best possible treaty. The Rus- sians had followed their example, but neither party had reason to boast of its success. Lord Elgin, therefore, hastened on • and with the aid of

bold sailor, performed a feat unprecedented in the annals of the inter- course of any nation with Japan. " Up the gulf of Jeddo, the squadron proceeded, with a fair wind, on the morning of the 12th, and passing through the Straits of Uraga, the left shore of which is feathered with rich verdure and indented with little bays, reached a point opposite the port of Kanagawa, beyond which no foreign ships had ever ventured, and where the Russian squadron could then be dis- cerned at anchor. Captain Osborn, however, professing his readiness to ex- plore the unknown waters at the head of the bays and to approach as near the city as possible, Lord Elgin seemed determined not to lose an opportunity

of establishing a precedent likely to be so important in our future inter-

course with Japan, and, to the astonishment of both Russians and Japanese, the British ships deliberately passed the sacred limit without communicating with the shore, and a few minutes after were cautiously feeling their way round a long spit of land which runs far out into the bay and offers some danger to the navigator. An instinct for deep water must have guided the ships along the channel, which was afterwards found to be sufficiently nar- row and tortuous, but at last all doubts as to the feasibility of the enterprise were removed by the appearance of several large, square-rigged, Japanese vessels at anchor; the draught of water of each was a guarantee for our own. Behind these rose gradually out of the waters of the bay a line of insulated forts, which marked the defences of Jeddo, while an extensive suburb, running along the western shore, formed a con-

tinuous street as far as the eye could reach. The ships ultimately an- chored in three fathoms of water, about a mile and a half from this

_suburb, and the same distance from the fine island forts above mentioned, which are situated on a sandbank, the intervening channels being always covered with water. About a mile beyond these forts and parallel to them lies the main body of the city ; the wooded height, on which is situated the

castle of the Tycoon, forming a conspicuous object. The arrival of the-Bri- tish squadron in waters which the Japanese had sedulousls, represented as

being too shallow to admit of the approach of large ships, filled them with dismay and astonishment ; boats followed each other, with officials of ascend- ing degrees of rank, to beg them to return to Kanagawa; - and, finally, ur- gent representations were made to the Ambassador on the subject. The pleas put forward were amusing and characteristic; first, it was said that the anchorage was dangerous, but the presence of their own squadron was referred to as au evidence to the contrary ; then it would be impossible to procure and send off supplies, but it was protested that if necessary we could do without these. The merits and comforts of Kanagawa were expatiated on in vain ; the paramount duty was the delivery of the yacht at Jeddo, and to deliver the yacht there it was necessary to remain at the present "anchor- age. No sooner was this settled than the Japanese in their usual way be- came perfectly reconciled to the arrangement, sent off supplies with great willingness, and began to prepare a residence on shore for Lord Elgin and his staff. It appeared that Count Pontiatine had been delayed for ten days negotiating on this subject at Kanagawa, and only succeeded iu taking up his residence at Jeddo on the same day that we cast anchor before the town. He had made the journey overland from Kanagawa, a distance of eighteen miles.

" The landing of a British Ambassador in state at the capital of the em- pire of Japan was only in keeping with the act of unparalleled audacity which had already been committed in anchoring British ships within the sacred limits of its harbour. Japanese officials were sent off to superintend the operation, but they little expected to make the return voyage in one of her Majesty's gunboats, with thirteen ships boats in tow, amid the thunder of salutes, the inspiriting strains of a naval band, and the flutter of hun- dreds of flags with which the ships were dressed. Close under the green batteries, threading its way amid hosts of huge-masted broad-sterned junks, the Little Lee, surrounded by her gay flotilla, steamed steadily, and not until the water had shoaled to seven feet, and the Japanese had ceased to remonstrate, or even to wonder, from sheer despair, did she drop anchor, and the procession of boats was formed, the four paddle-box boats, each with a 24 pound howitzer in her bows, enclosing between them the Ambassador's barge, the remainder of the ships' boats, with captains and officers all in

full dims, leading the way. The band aruck up God save the Queen' as Lord Elgin ascended the steps of the official landing-place near the centre of

the city, and was received and put into his chair by sundry two-sworded personages, the rest of the mission, together with some officers of the squadron, following on horseback. The crowd, which for upwards of a mile lined the streets leading to the building fixed on as the residence of the Em- bassy, *as dense in the extreme • the procession was preceded by policemen in harlequin costume, jingling huge iron rods of office, hung with heavy

clanging rings, to warn the crowd away. Ropes were stretched across the cross streets, down which masses of the people rushed, attracted by the novel sight ; while every few hundred yards were dates partitioning off the different wards, which were severally closed immediately on the pass- ing of the procession, thus hopelessly barring the further progress of the old crowd, who strained anxiously through the bars and envied the persons com- posing the rapidly-forming nucleus. During Lord Elgin's stay of eight days on shore, nearly all the officers of the squadron had an opportunity of pay- ing him a visit. His residence Was a portion of a temple situated upon the outskirts of what was known as the Princes' Quarter—in other words, it was the Knightsbridge of Jeddo. In front of it was a street which continued for ten miles, as closely packed with houses and as densely crowded with people as it is from Hyde Park Corner to Mile End. At the back of it stretched ,a wide and somewhat dreary aristocratic quarter, containing the residences of 360 hereditary Princes, each a petty Sovereign in his own right, many of them with a half-dozen town-houses, and some of them able to accommoeas. in these same mansions 10,000 retainers. Passing through the spacious ass:, silent (except where a party of English were traversing them) stseet, ire arrive at the outer moat of the castle ; crossing it we are still in the Priem,— Quarter, but are astounded as we reach its further limit at the scene whisi, now bursts upon us—a magnificent moat, seventy or eighty yards broad, faced with a smooth green escarpment as many feet in height, above esisi runs .a massive wall composed of stones Cyclopean in their dimensions. This is crowned, in its turn, by a lofty palisade. Towering above all, the spread. ing arms of giant cedars proudly display themselves, and denote that wines the Imperial precincts the picturesque is not forgotten. From the highest point of the fortifications in rear of the castle a panoramic view is obtained of the vast city with its two million and a half inhabitants, and an are, equal to, if not greater than, that of London. The castle alone is computed to be capable of containing 40,000 souls.

"But the party on shore did not confine itself to exploring the city alone;

- excursions of ten miles into the country were made in two different dine. tions, and but one opinion prevailed with respect to the extraordinary evi- dences of civilization which met the eye in every direction. Every cottage, temple, and tea-house was surrounded by gardens laid out with exquesse taste, and the most elaborate neatness was skilfully blended with grandeur of design. The natural features of the country were admirably taken ad. .vantage of, and a long ride was certain to be rewarded by a romantic scene, where a tea-house was picturesquely perched over a waterfall, or a temple reared its carved gables amid groves of ancient cedars. The tea-house is a national characteristic of Japan. The traveller, wearied with the noonday heat, need never be at a loss to find rest and refreshment ; stretched upoi, the softest and cleanest of matting, imbibing the most delicately-flavoured tea, inhaling through a short pipe the fragrant tobacco of Japan, he resigns himself to the ministrations of a bevy of fair damsels, who glide rapidly and noiselessly about, the most zealous and skilful of attendants." These extracts are taken from the correspondent of the pees,. Another writer in that journal says- " Jeddo, without exception, is one of the finest cities in the world; streets broad and good, and the Castle, which includes nearly the whole centre of the town, built on a slight eminence. There are three walls or enclosures round this quarter. Within the inner, the Tycoon Emperor and heir apparent live.

" The houses of the Princes and nobles are palaces, and you may

the size when some contain ten thousand followers. They are be' se regular order, forming wide streets some forty yards broad, kept in perfect order; an immense: courtyard, with trees and gardens, forms the centre of each enclosure, in the midst of which is thehouse of the owner ; the houses containing the followers, servants, stables; &c.,form this large enclosure. They are built of one uniform shape. The gateways leading to the court- yard are exceedingly .handsome, of massive wood-work, ornamented with lacquer and other devices. From the road that leads by. the moat to the second wall is one of the finest views I ever recollect seeing—on one side the Gulf of Jeddo, with the high hills rising beyond, while on the other is a portion of the great city of Jeddo with its trees and gardens, picturesque temples, and densely-crowded streets,' extending as far as the eye can reach towards the interior ; then there is a view of the trees and green fields in the distance, far away beyond a thickly •built suburb ; but the most striking view of all is that close by, the well-kept green banks of the second defence, rising some seventy feet from the broad moat below, with grand old cedars overa hundred years of age growing from its sides. The fine timber, the lay of the grouted, the water lilies in the moat, the grandeur, good order, and completeness of everything, equal, and in some ways far surpass, anything I have ever seen in Europe, or any part of the world.

" We made an expedition into the country. The cottages were surrounded with neatly clipped hedges, the private residences as well railed and kept as any place in England. The same completeness and finish exist m eve • g. " he Botanical Gardens are very good, and well cared for; good nur- series of young pines, cedars, eso.'

So far the town and country and the appearances they present. Here is something touching the industrial character of the people.

" Nagasaki, and everything Japanese, bears a striking contrast to every- thing Chinese. You cannot be five minutes in Japan without seeing it is a progressive nation—the country towns, houses, and people, all show this. The streets are wide and paved in the centre, houses open throughout on the ground floor, with matting, formed in frames, fitting neatly all over the rooms. On this they sit, sleep, and eat, and everything is kept scrupulously clean. Behind each house is a small garden, with a few green shrubs, and occasionally a fine tree. Cleanliness seems one great characteristic of the Japanese—they are constantly washing in the most openmanner. To our great surprise, as we wandered the first day through the streets, we saw two or three ladies quietly sitting in tuba in front of their doors washing them- selves with the utmost unconcern, traffic and the business through the street going on past them as usual. We understood afterwards it was a general custom. The Japanese are eager for knowledge. Never was there a people more ready to adapt themselves to the changes and progress of the world than they are. It as curious that while some of their customs are what we would deem rather barbarous, and while they are ignorant of many common things,—while they still rip themselves np, and shoe their hones with straw because ignorant of any other method, they have jumped to a knowledge of certain branches of science which it has taken nations in Eu- rope hundreds of years to attain. At Nagasaki they can turn out of their yard an engine for 'a railway or steamer; Japanese captains and engineen command their men of war, of which three are steamers ; they understand the electric telegraph ; they make therinometers and barometers, theodolites, and, I believe, aneroids. Their spy-glasses and microscopes are good, and very cheap. They have a large glass manufactory which turns out glass little inferior to our own. They have a short line of railway somewhere ln the interior, giver( by the Americans. Many of them speak Dutch, some English, all anxious to learn ; everything is done by themselves, and when

erythi

it is considered that it is not much more than ten years ago since they made this start the advance they have made in that short time is perfectly won- derful." . . . "The easy, affable kind manner of the Japanese officiak, as compared with the self-conceited airs of the Chinese is remarkable, and impressed us greatly in their favour. They were jolly, too ; drinking to the Queen, the Emperor, and the CoMmissioners in Champagne as if they liked it, with a hip-hip, hoorah ! They expressed their feelings of satisfaction at the visit of the Ambassador, and hoped that one of them as Ambassador from the Court of Japan might meet him in England."

The same writer furnishes the following curious statements touching the political and religious institutions of the country. "There are two Emperors of Japan, one the spiritual, the other the work- ing one. The former lives at Iliac°, and is the descendant of the old race who were turned off' the throne by the ancestors of the reigning

The spiritual Emperor has nothing to do with governing the coan and is partly looked up to as a heavenly being, one condition of which n that everything be wears or uses is destroyed each night, and new do...the! supplied the next morning. skis to psettn/Apy one using the emaciate', oramots. The, reigning Emperor lives.bero, and is elected, but in what lower I am not sure, but I believe by the Princes. It. appears a mere no- „,,-aal election, for the son regularly succeeds the father, and has done so -ne b his ce-tor usurped the throne. I believe the descent of the spiritual RtaperOr can be traced, names and dates, with many of the branches of his may, for 2500 years. The country is held by Princes [it is said there are 360] who owe feudal duty to the reigning Emperor, who obliges them to re- side for six months in the year at Jeddo, with their families ; during the-• other ail months he allows them to visit their estates, but keeps their families hostages in Jeddo. Thisrestrains them, and the practice is intended to prevent the Princes from obtaining too much influence over the people. It is difficult to discover what the military system of the empire is, but that it must have the power of bringing an immense number of men into the field is beyond doubt—tlf have numerous and well-appointed batteries.” The Sera China Herald publishes this version of the treaty. The commercial arrangements are on the most liberal possible scale. All exports, with the exception of a few prohibited articles, are subject to a duty of 5 per cent. Imports are charged with a duty of 20 per cent, but as there are no tonnage or other dues this does not seem an unreasonable amount. A list of articles on which an import duty of only 5 per cent is eharged is excepted from-this general provision, and one of the most im- portant concessions which we are informed was obtained by Lord Elgin was the insertion in this latter list of cotton and woollen goods. We arc much mistaken if, from what we hear of the Japanese, the market thus created for our home manufactures will not rival that afforded by the vast empire lately thrown open by the treaty of Tien-sin. Another important provision, and one which we believe is not contained in the American treaty, is that by which it is agreed that the tariff shall be subject to revision at the end of live years. This is a most necessary precaution in the case of an unknown and untreated trade. There are other minor differences the details of which have not reached us, but we believe the above contains the principal items of the new treaty, together with its points of differeme from that signed by Mr. Harris, the American Consul of Simoda. The Russian Minister, Count Putistine, was at Jeddo while Lord Elgin was there, but we understand that his treaty differs in no material point from the American." • It is stated that there are two parties in Japan—one in favour of li- beral foreign relations, the other conservative of antique exclusion. When the Americans arrived to press for a treaty they freely used the influence of the Anglo-French victories in the Peiho. The liberals came into office and the treaty was granted. A reaction ensued, and the liberal minister made way for the protectionist. But the daring progress of Lord Elgin up to the walls of Jeddo caused a second reaction, and brought the libe- rals once more into power. Hence the treaty.