THE JUNE MAGAZINES.

THE Nineteenth Century gives first place to an article on " The

Cabinet Secretariat," by Sir Henry Craik, who maintains that this new organization, with 116 officials costing over £30,000 a year, is bound to become a new executive, fettering the Cabinet and giving the Prime Minister the powers of an American President. There is real truth in Sir Henry Craik's warnings.

The Foreign Office, for instance, has been virtually superseded by the Prime Minister's secretaries. We hope the article will

receive the attention it deserves. Mr. G. A. B. Dewar, the editor, writes on " Genoa and the Times," stoutly defending the Times for its severe criticisms of the Prime Minister's dealings with Chicherin. Mr. Dewar holds that we should keep the

Bolsheviks at arm's length. " We cannot, as individuals, even afford to cultivate, for instance, notorious City swindlers. Far less can we as a nation afford, if we are intent on human progress, to cultivate world blackmailers of the Soviet order."

Canon Streeter, in an article entitled " Inside Germany : The Hard Facts," gives the conclusions that he formed after a recent visit to Berlin. He deprecates hasty generalizations. Different sections of the German people hold different views. Some workmen are better off, others worse off, than before the War.

The professional classes are very hard hit. Canon Streeter thinks that Germany would try to make reparation if a definite sum, within her capacity, were fixed and the period of payment were shortened. Major Ernest Gray puts the case of the teachers broadly and clearly in an article on " Education and Economy." Colonel Knox-liven asks : " Should we cut down our Army 1 " and suggests that some petty savings on training and on inventions may be false economy. Major A. K. Slessor discusses " The Cost of an Oxford Career," with figures from Christ Church accounts. He thinks that " in some colleges at least the thing can be done in comfort if not in luxury " for £250 a year. Parents will regard him as an optimist. Miss M. H. Mason, writing from long experience as an inspector, has a valuable article on " The Boarded-Out Children of the Poor." Canon Peter Green discusses the pregnant question, " What do we mean by Christ is risen' ? " and answers that " the Church's doctrine of the Resurrection is neither doubtful nor incoherent." Sir Bampfylde Fuller states some " Ultimate Facts in Economics." We may commend, too, Mr. Stanley Rowland's thoughtful paper on " The Revolution in Music and Art "—ending, he thinks, in Art but still incomplete in Music. Sir Edward Sullivan at the tail-end of the number has a most amusing article on " The Artless Art of Repartee," with many examples. Thus :- " Cardinal Vaughan and Dr. Adler, the Chief Jewish Rabbi, were next to one another at a luncheon. Now, Dr. Adler,' said the Cardinal, ' when may I have the pleasure of helping you to some ham ? ' The Rabbi replied without a pause : At your Eminence's wedding.' "

In the Fortnightly Mr. J. D. Whelpley, writing as " An American at Genoa," takes a somewhat hopeful view of the Conference. " We are all better informed as to the state of the world than before it was held. Each of the great nations has more or less clearly defined its attitude towards current

affairs of international importance." He minimizes the import.. ance of the German-Bolshevik Treaty. On the other hand, Dr. E. J. Dillon, discussing " The Genoa Tournament," regards the Treaty as of high significance, though he declares that the Allies ought to have known that it was being negotiated.

Mr. Lloyd George is said to have " put up a magnificent fight ; his defeat is to be ascribed, however, not so much to the opposition of adversaries as to his own lack of foresight and to the wily manoeuvres of his official friends and allies." Mr. Gribble describes some of " The German ' Coming War' Books " which are selling in vast numbers in Germany, and show that many Germans are wholly unrepentant. Mr. W. Permewan, in an article on " The Future of Mr. Lloyd George," maintains that the Prime Minister will soon be leading a reunited Liberal Party. Mr. Lewis Melville deals at length

with Mr. Belloc's book on the Jews, which he denounces as " an attack on the loyalty, integrity and good sense of the Jewish race." Miss Esther S. Sutro contributes an interesting

study of Nicolas Poussin, the great French painter, who is, she thinks, unappreciated in England.

Mr. H. Wilson Harris, in the Contemporary, .expresses his view of the Genoa Conference _plainly in his title, " Why Genoa

Failed." The German-Bolshevik Treaty confirmed the sus- picions of the French, who had not wanted a conference and objected to any concessions to the Communists. The Con- ference, he thinks, ".has demonstrated once more that .the French opinion of Mr. Lloyd George is such as practically to damn in advance any negotiations in which he and French statesmen participate." Nevertheless, " Europe has at least been brought face to face with its problems." M. Pierre Renaudel, who speaks for a small minority in •the French

Chamber, endeavours to show that French public opinion is by no means united in support of M. Poincar6, by quoting various provincial newspapers. Herr E. Bernstein describes " The Political Situation in Germany " ; he believes that the People's Party led by Herr Stinnes is gaining ground, owing to Socialist dissensions. Mr. Harold Spender contributes a vigorous article on " The Sacrifice of Greece." " We are not yet compelled, under any Geddes rule, to betray all those whom we have once befriended." Mr. Spender points out very truly that the surrender of Smyrna and other Greek-speaking districts to the Turks will lead inevitably to the wholesale massacre of the helpless Christians. Coles Pasha writes on " Indian Prin- cipalities and other Problems." " Before we depart, let the whole of British India be broken, up into monarchies each with its hereditary ruler." The main problem -in India is, he thinks, the economic problem. The population increases more rapidly than the means of subsistence, despite all the canal schemes, and democratic institutions afford no cure. Mr. William Archer's able and lively reply to Mr. J. M. Robertson, entitled , "Redistributing Shakespeare," deserves attention.

The Prime Minister is again subjected to a severe castigation by " Centurion " in the National Review, in an article entitled Truth and Falsehood in High Places." " Centurion " begins with the recent controversy at Genoa in which the Prime Min- ister charged the Times with untruthfulness. He passes on to the statements of Mr. Bullitt in regard to the Prime Minister's alleged dealings with the Bolsheviks in the winter of 1918-19, and then •recalls the Prime Minister's repudiation of the West- minster Gazette's report of an interview -with a " high authority " in Paris in March, 1919—a report which coincides in many respects with a memorandum prepared by or for the Prime Minister a few days before and issued recently as a White Paper. " Centurion " looks back at Mr. Lloyd George's record before the War and finds reason to question his accuracy more than once. It is a grave indictment to bring against a British.Prime Minister. M. Stephan Lauzanne writes bitterly on " France the good Milch Cow" and Germany who "-can pay if she wants to, but does not." Mr. Frank Fox discusses " A Way out of our Troubles—Empire Resettlement " ; he thinks that five millions of our people might find homes and plenty .of work in the Dominions if emigration and settlement were rightly organ- ized. The Ranee of Sarawak relates some of the " Traditions of the Dyak Tribes." Mr. Adolphe Smith throws light on the workings of pro-German " Secret Societies in Modern Politics." Mr. F. Gordon 'Lowe's article on " Lawn Tennis—Some Hints and Experiences " is timely and interesting.

Blackwood has an entertaining article by Mrs. Comyns Carr on " The Beggar's Opera in the Eighteenth Century." She recalls the first performance of January 29th, 1728, which was a triumph for Gay and also for the almost unknown young actress, Lavinia Fenton. Unluckily, Mrs. Comyns Carr thinks that Addison was present—" Addison, who had always sneered at Italian Opera . . . knew what he liked that night." But Addison,-poor man, had been in his grave for nine years. Mr. W. D. Macnaughton writes on " Hungary and the Hungarians," doing full justice to the social gifts of the Magyars but admitting also that their intense nationalism has always made them cruel to other races, especially the Slays and the Rumanians. He points out that the franchise has been severely restricted this year and voting by ballot abolished outside the towns so that the magnates once more control the elections.

In the London Mercury Mr. J. C. Squire has a poem of seven pages, in " free verse," on " The Stockyard " at Chicago—a grim subject treated very skilfully and poignantly, so that his readers will almost resolve to become vegetarians. Miss Winifred Stephens writes on the brothers Tharaud and their novels of North African and Russian life. Mr. Edward Shanks

deals with Shelley ; " extraordinariness remains our principal impression of him." There is an article, too, on Lord's.