311.imIlautpuo.

The Dutchess of Gloucester has arrived at Phis Newydd, Anglesey, on a visit to her Royal Highness the Dutchess of Cambridge.—Court Circular.

Field-Marshal the Duke of Wellington has been appointed by her Ma- jesty the Queen Ranger and Keeper of St. James's Park and Hyde Park, in the room of his late Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge.—Times.

We understand that it is in contemplation to carry into effect by the next meeting of Parliament a further reduction in her Majesty's forces. How or in what manner this measure can be accomplished, having a due regard to the safety and security of the Queen's dominions both at home and abroad, we cannot comprehend—United Service Gazette.

The appointments under the Ecclesiastical Commission Act, which we quoted from the Herald last week, seem to be correct. The Earl of Chi- chester and Mr. John George Shaw Lefevre are the two " Church Estates Commissioners" appointed by the Crown, and Mr. Henry Goulburn, M.P., is the "Church Estates Commissioner" appointed by the Archbishop of Canterbury. The salary of the " First" Commissioner is not to exceed 12001. ; that of the Primate's Commissioner is not to exceed 10001.

The Very Reverend Dr. Whitty has been appointed pro-Vicar Apos- tolic of the London district during Dr. Wiseman's sojourn in Rome.— Globe.

Baron Brunnow, the Russian Minister, has left England for St. Peters- burg. We do not in ordinary cases attach much importance to the move- ments of a diplomatist. There is, however, something in the character and position of the Russian Ambassador which should take the announce- ment of his departure out of the mere routine of paragraghs in the Court Circular. It is now twelve years since Baron Brunnow came to England, and during that long period he has been constantly found at his post. After so long a service, he has obtained a six-weeks furlough, and has taken advantage of the opportunity to revisit his native country. Few diplomatists have had a harder duty to diselewee. Baron Brunnow has been the representative of a despotic Power never very popular in Eng- land at the best of times, and still less so when any popular outbreOt takes place on the Continent of Europe. From February 1848 down to the period at which we write, the policy of the Russian Emperor has been in constant antagonism with that of the Cabinet of St. James's. During this period—and it has scarcely exceeded two years—in Italy, in Hungary, in Germany, in Greece, the diplomatists of Russia and Eng.: land have been ever found at opposite sides of the chess-board. It is cer- tainly not our intention to recapitulate here the events of that anxious time ; but we cannot forget that in the course of it a Russian army has marched into Hungary, in defiance of the wishes of the English Minister, and an English fleet has anchored in the Bosphorus to thwart the policy of the Russian Autocrat. The Russian Embassy in London has had no small share in relation to these events. The Emperor from St. Peters- burg might signify his general determinations, but upon his Minister at the Court of Queen Victoria the task devolved of preventing their execu- tion from involving Europe in the horrors of a general war. There is but one opinion as to the manner in which these negotiations have been managed under the auspices of Baron Brunnow. By a mixture of firm- ness and courtesy he has attained his ends without giving offence, or rous- ing any unnecessary feelings of resentment. Indeed, his official notes upon the unfortunate business at Athens will ever be looked upon as masterpieces of their kind. Since the despotism of Russia must be repre- sented in London, we cannot hope to find a more courteous exponent of it than Baron Brunnow.—Times, August 26.

The Sardinian Government wishing to put an end to the vacancy exist- ing by the absence of a Minister in London, which might have been mis- represented, has appointed the Marquis d'Azeglio (at the present mo- ment Chargé d'Affaires ad interim in London) to be the Envoy Extra- ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of his Sardinian Majesty at the Court of St James's.—Globe.

The following "Notice to the Public" was issued from the General Post-office on Thursday, by command of the Postmaster-General. "Notice to the Public, and Instructions to all Postmasters, Sub-Postmasters, and Letter-receivers.

" General Post-ofticet August 1850. ' "The instructions No. 21, 1850, which have been in force since the 23c1 of June last, relative to the Sunday postal arrangements, are now cancelled ; and the regulations laid down in the previous instructions, No. 1, 1850, copy of which is annexed, are to be reverted to on and from the' 1st day of September next, and must be carefully observed in every particular until further orders; all modifications on points of detail being reserved for subse- quent consideration.

"Copy of Instructions. No. 1, January 1850. "On and after Sunday the 13th instant, all post-offices in England and Wales will be closed to the public on Sunday from ten a. in. for the remain- der of the day ; except in those cases where the delivery commences between nine and ten a.m., when the office must continue open for one hour after the letter-carriers are despatched ; and except also in those cases where the delivery commences later than ten a. tn., when the office, having been closed at ten a. tn., must be reopened for one hour after the despatch of the letter- carriers.

"On and after the same date,. no inland letters will be received on the Sunday, except such as are prepaid by stamps or are unpaid ; for the deposit of which the letter-box will be open as usual throughout the day.

" Until the closing of the office at ten a. tn., or during the subsequent hour after the despatch of the letter-carriers, foreign letters may be pre- paid, postage-stamps may be obtained, and letters may be registered on pay- ment of the usual registration-fee : strangers, renters of private boxes, and those who reside beyond the limits of the letter-carriers' deliveries, may also, while the office is open, obtain their letters at the office-window. " Except at the times above-mentioned, no letters or newspapers can be delivered from the office on the Sunday."

The grievances of the passport system having been the subject of com- plaining correspondence in the Times, " Cocker" suggests to Lord Pal- merston the following arithmetical considerations towards a remedy- " At the present moment English subjects, if they wish to travel abroad with an English passport, are compelled to pay somewhere about 31. for the document. If they choose to travel with a French or a Belgian pass rt, they can get it for bs. Lord Palmerston declares, that if the Foreign ce passports were procurable gratis, an enormous additional staff of clerks would be required in his already overworked department, which has lost several of its ablest hands in consequence of the early rising and consequent fatigue occasioned by the late Pacifico difficulty. Of course his Lordship is better acquainted with his own business and with the domino of his clerks than any one else ; so I will not venture to propose that the present operatives should be further required to issue passports gratis ; but I will suggest, that 2g. 6d. should be charged by the Foreign Office for each passport issued by it. If 100,000 are annually applied for, 12,5001. will be realized ; which being thus divided—say, 2,5001. to the Grey or Elliot who is fortunate enough to obtain the situation of chief clerk of the Passport Office, and 5001. a year to each of ten subordinate. Greys or Elliots—would afford a hand- some ranecure to the chief clerk, and would demand from the insufficiently paid young members of the Travellers, or of the Coventry, who are his as- sistania, the preparation of but thirty-two passports each per diem. Repair- ing to WhitehallWhitehallat mid-day, and filling up but between six and seven pass- ports an hour, they would with much ease complete their tasks in time to ride in Rotten Row at five p. m."

One of the most interesting applications of science in our days was conducted through successful experiment on Wednesday. The submarine

i •

electric telegraph now traverses the twenty-one miles of deep sea be- tween the English and French coasts ; and, so far as this marine hiatus is concerned, messages can at this moment be interchanged between Paris and London with nearly the same rapidity that you can talk to a deaf friend at your elbow by visible alphabet of the hands. The points chosen by the Telegraph Company for their operations were Shakpere's Cliff at Dover and the opposite chalk headland of Cape Grisnez on the French exist midway between Calais and Boulogne. The operations were conducted from the Goliah steam-boat. Between the paddle-wheels, in the centre of the vessel, was a gigantic drum or wheel, nearly fifteen feet long and seven feet in diameter, weighing seven tons, and fixed on a strong framework. Upon it was coiled up in close convolutions about thirty miles of telegraphic wire, encased in a covering of gutta percha. The intention was to steam out at five miles an hour, to payout progres- sively the whole extent of telegraphic tackle, and to imbed the wire by means of leaden weights in the soil at the bottom of the sea. The vessel was pro- visioned for the day, and Captain Bullock, of her Majesty's steam-ship Wid- geon, caused the track of the navigation to be marked in as direct a route as possible by placing a series of pilot-buoys with flags on the route, besides being prepared to accompany the experimental cruise with his own vessel as a tender. The connecting wires were placed in readiness at the Government pier in the harbour, and likewise at the Cape, where they run up the face of the acclivity, which is 194 feet above sea-mark. The weather was unfavourable on Tuesday, when it was intended to start ; but on Wednesday morning, at half-past ten, the Goliah rode out to Dover pier, with a favouring sky and sea.

The connexion of the thirty miles of wire enclosed in gutta percha was inside good to three hundred yards of the same wire enclosed in a leaden tube, to protect it from being injuriously chafed by the shingle on the beach and ii the shallow water. The Goliah then steamed forward at the rate of about three or four miles an hour, in a direct line to Cape Grisnez. The great drum was put in corresponding motion, and from it the wire was paid off over a roller at the stern of the vessel. At every two-hundred-and-twen- tieth yard, (one-sixteenth of a mile,) thesquare leaden clumps, weighing setae twenty pounds, were riveted to the wire, to sink it well to the bottom, and to assist in embedding it in the submarine soil. The depth of the water varies between one hundred and one hundred and eighty feet; but at certain points there are ridges and vallies which made the sinking of the wire one of careful management. Between two of these ridges, well known to sailors, and called by the French the Colbert and the Verne, is a steep valley sur- rounded by shifting sands, many miles in length, parallel to the shores-' and in these sands, as with the voracious Goodwins, ships encounter danger from losing their anchors, and fishermen lose their nets. The wire was success- fully plunged to the bottom, however, safe equally from ships' anchors, sailors' net, or monsters of the deep. ' The remainder of the route was safely and slowly traversed, and the Goliah reached the French coast about eight o'clock in the evening. In half an hour the wire had been carried ashore and run up the face of the cliff, and messages had been carried from end to end of the wire.

Results of the Registrar-General's return of mortality in the Metropolis for the week ending on Saturday last : the first column of figures gives the aggregate number of deaths in the corresponding weeks of the ten previous years.

Teri Weeks of 1839-49.

Week. of 1850.

Zymotic Diseases 3845 .... 252 Dropsy, Cancer, and other diseases of uncertain or variable seat 489 .... 45 Tubercular Diseases 1763 .... 166 Diseases of the Brain, Spinal Marrow, Nerves, and Senses 1111 .... 94 Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels 235 36 Diseases of the Lungs, and of the other Organs of Respiration 709 64 Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs of Digestion 762 63 Diseases of the Kidneys, Se 64 17 Childbirth, diseases of the Uterus, Sc 82 11 Rheumatism, diseases of the Bones, Joints, Sc 69

5

Diseases of the Skin, Cellular Tissue, Sc..

9 1 Malformations 23 1 Premature Birth 220 26 Atrophy 231 34 Age 455 46 Sudden 87

Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance 252

34

Total (including unspecified causes) 10,448 905

The deaths were 31 more than in the preceding week ; but were still be- low the average of weeks in the ten past years, even excluding the corre- sponding week in 1849. In that wee 1272 persons died of cholera in Lon- don, and 240 of diarrhoea : the deaths by cholera last week were 5, those by diarrhoea 118 ; of the last number 105 were children under the age of fifteen, only 4 adults under sixty, and 9 were persons past sixty. In the last five weeks, the deaths by cholera have been 13, 11, 15, 8, and last week 5; by diarrhcea, 104, 136, 152, 139, and last week 118. "Although the mortality of London is now below the average, that ave- rage is itself high. And it appears scarcely to be a natural state of things that, in ordinary times, of 905 persons whose career terminates in a week, only 155 pass the age of sixty ; that 318 end their course in the middle of life, and 432 die in their way through childhood to youth. Yet the return gives this result. One hundred and twenty-nine of the deaths occurred in public institutionsnamely, 79 in workhouses, 4 in military and naval asy- lums, 39 in hospitals, 4 in lunatic asylums, 2 in military and naval hospi- tals, and 1 in prison. The proportion of deaths in public institutions is less than it has been; for from an earlier return it was shown that about 1 in 10 of the inhabitants of London died in the workhouses, 1 in 21 in the hos- pitals, 1 in 551 in prisons, 1 in 102 in the lunatic asylums, and that 1 in 5 or 6 of the people die in a public institution of some kind or other." The barometer was low; wind West or South-west, with rain and thunder : mean temperature of the air, 57'; dew-point, 48' ; temperature of the Thames, 62-5*.

The Right Reverend Dr. Francis Fulford, who was consecrated, on the 25th of July last, Bishop of the diocese of Montreal, left the shores of Eng- land on Saturday, to enter upon the episcopal duties of his see.

The Minister of the Interior has just decided that the marble bust of M. de Balzao shall be placed in the gallery of the celebrated men of the nineteenth century in the Museum of Versailles. He at the same time de- cided that the marble necessary for the statue shall be offered to the subscrip- tion formed for raising a monument to the celebrated writer.— Galignani Sifessenger.

The Honourable Mr. Neville has had excavations made at Hadstoek by which the remains of a Roman villa have been brought to light.

Mr. Richard Dbert Phillips, of East Hook, " a member of one of the oldest and most respected families of the aristocracy in the county of Carmarthen," become enamoured of Miss de Rutzen, a "lovely and accomplished" young lady, the eldest daughter of Baron de Rutzen, of Slebech Hall, near Haver- fordwest. Though the lady accepted the lover, her parents did not. Last week the young folks settled the matter to their entire satisfaction. For several mornings Miss de Rutzen went out very early, for the ostensible pur- pose of gathering mushrooms; on Tuesday morning, she did not return at

the usual hour; much alarm was caused in the family, and dragged from a fear that the young lady had fallen into the VI at ." two o'clock in the afternoon a messenger arrived from Mr?!

nouncing that he had married Miss do Rutzen. that morning, at .

Church, sixteen miles distant.

Berwick-on-Tweed is about to be dismantled, and its walls converted into building-sites, by order of the Crown.

The Fishery Board has issued a circular, recommending fishermen to catch as many dog-fish as possible, skin them, and dry their skins for sale, to be used in lieu of emery paper, for which we happen to know that they are by no means a bail substitute.—The Builder.

The people of Bolton have subscribed 1401. for tho purchase of a gold chain and seal to be worn by the Mayor of the town for the time being.

At Gravesend Petty-Sessions, on Wednesday, Mr. Fletcher, the master of the American packet-ship Independence, was charged with resisting an officer of the Customs in the execution of his duty. Orders have been given to search strictly all American ships passing inwards by Gravesend ; Fowler, a tidewaiter, boarded the Independence, and wished to search the cabins, to seal up all tobacco and cigars declared to be " ship-stores." Mr. Fletcher re- sisted the search of his own cabin, and threatened and abused Fowler. It was attempted to be made out that Fowler had caused en altercation by his rude bearing ; but the charge against Mr. Fletcher was fully sustained, his own witness damaging the case for the defence. The full fine is 1001.; but the Magistrates mitigated it to 501., which was paid at once.

A boy of fifteen, residing at Edinburgh, was bitten in the arm by his em- ployer's watch-dog. The wound was dressed, and the dog was killed. No- thing ailed the boy for nearly a month; but he was then suddenly seized by hydrophobia, and died after a few days of intense suffering.

While two brothers named Brown were returning with some relations from Stroud to Gloucester in a cart, they quarrelled about driving, struggled for the reins, and caused the horse to stumble. The brothers leaped out of the vehicle, fought, and fell together ; on rising, William rushed on Nathaniel, and with a knife inflicted three wounds, pronounced to be mortal.

A young man employed as shopman by Messrs. Norche, in King William Street, Strand, has died in consequence of a foolish `wager. On Sunday even- ing, he undertook to drink a pint of brandy and walk to London Bridge : while drinking the brandy, he fell off his seat, and he died next day.

The coach that runs daily from Cambridge to London has been crowded with passengers since the dispute with the engine-drivers on the Eastern Counties Railway, so that ostlers on the road begin to think " the good old times are come again." Other passengers proceed from Cambridge to Hun- tingdon, and travel to London by the Great Northern line.

It turns out that Mr. Swann delivers goods in London earlier than the railway, and at the same prices, and that his waggons are loaded to the extreme on everyjourney ; so that it seems likely to turn out a permanent matter, and that the lucrative business carried on by one of the most muni- ficent benefactors of this borough will still continue to be carried on profit- ably by his successor. It is said that in some of the towns through which the waggons passed on the first journey, the inhabitants decorated the horses with flowers.—Cambridge Chronicle.

About nine years ago, as the Mary Scott, a Liverpool brig, laden with copper ore and a general cargo, and having on board a large quantity of specie, was returning from Valparaiso, she was run into, about five miles East of Point Lynes, by an American ship called the Brooklyn, and the result was that the Mary Scott sank in deep water,. and six or seven persons on board perished. Some time afterwards, the brig Parana, outward bound for Mont- real, was run down by the Iron Duke, and sunk between Ormshead and Point Lynes. No traces of either vessel were discoverable until about three weeks ago, when a Liverpool fisherman, whilst trawling near to PointLynas, found that his net had become entangled withsomething beneath the surface of the water, and on examination, discovered that it had caught in the wreck of a vessel. It is not known with which of the brigs the net became en- tangled ; but it is supposed that it is the Mary Scott. The Liverpool Steam Tug Company has sent out a number of divers to the place where the ship was discovered ; but, in consequence of the rough state of the weather, have not yet been able to commence operations.

Captain Emmons, the veteran chief steward of the Royal mail steam-ships, came from Boston in the Asia, on his hundred and sixty-eighth voyage across the Atlantic Ocean within the twelve years last past. Allowing the dis- tance across to be 3000 miles, he has sailed within the period named over 500,000 miles, averaging one trip each twenty-five days.—Liverpool Standard.

With regard to transportation across the Isthmus [of Panama, towards California] I might as well state a few facts worthy of consideration. I have sent a large amount of goods from Chagres to Panama, and have been con- nected with a house largely in that business. We have sent agent after agent with our packages. With a very few exceptions, after arriving at Chagres they have betrayed their trusts. Most of them have run away ; others have died ; and those who bore the highest character for probity have yielded to the influence of the climate, or have become confirmed gamblers or sots. One agent who was an officer in a volunteer regiment in the Mexi- can war, and left New York with the highest character, made away with about 1000/. worth of goods intrusted to him for sale, and never accounted for a penny. After three o'clock p.m. scarcely an agent is in a condition to do any business whatever. The parcels sent across lie sometimes three months on the Isthmus before they are forwarded ; most of them are left on the banks of the Chagres to rot ; and those which reach what are called respectable houses are so overcharged for expenses that it is utter ruin to at- tempt their release. You can conceive the difficulties of the transit by this brief explanation.—New York Correspondent of the Daily Xews.

The Thomas, from Quebec, on her way to Greenock, ran down the Trieste bark Speranza, twelve miles South-east of Timken The master, his wife and child, and three seamen, perished ; the rest of the people, eight in num- ber, were saved by the Thomas, and brought to Greenock.

The ship Mundane, of Sunderland, bound from the Clyde to Demerara, has been destroyed on the rock or islet of Ellenore, a short distance from the island of Coll. During a violent hurricane, she was seen driving in a dis- tressed state towards the rock ; a boat was lowered from the vessel and some men got into it, but it was instantly swamped ; when the Mundane struck, her masts snapped off, and in a few minutes she was ground to pieces. All hands perished—a crew of eighteen and at least one passenger. The people on Coll who saw the disaster could render no assistance. How the Mandane was at Coll four days after leaving the Clyde for the West Indies, is a mystery. The recent rough weather has caused a great destruction of live stock in its transit from Dutch ports to England, it having been necessary to throw the animals overboard to save the vessels, During a storm at Blackburn, on Monday sennight, while the wind blew a hurricane, there was a fall of rain, hail, and snow.

lager, a ticket-collector at the Lewes station, has had a very narrow es- cape. A train came suddenly upon him in a place where he could not move out of its way, and there was not time to stop the l000motive he threw himself on the ground, lying as fiat as possible; carriages would be sure to clear him, but the ash-box of the engine hags low : however, the train passed, and Isgar rose unhurt except a scratch on the face from the gravel Fortunately he is a small man.