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FRANCE.—The Emperor returned to Paris from the Lower Pyrenees on Monday evening ; entering the capital, as he left it, without any escort. The Empress remains at Biarritz for some time longer, as the sea-bathing has been found very beneficial to her health. Before he de- parted, the Emperor paid visits to Pau and Oleron. Fie is now at Bou- logne.

A decree in the Mon ,tear of Tuesday raises General Baraguay d'Hilliers to the dignity of Marshal of France, "in consideration of the eminent services he has rendered at different periods of his military life." . The convention concluded on the 10th May last between Lord Claren- don and Count Walewski, on behalf of the British and French Govern- ments, regulating the -disposition of prisoners of war, has been published officially. This convention provides for the equal distribution of the prisoners between the two countries. In case one country shall have had to support a greater number of prisoners, or shall have had any given 'number al.onger time in charge, an account of the excess shall be taken every three Months, and reimbursement of the moiety of the excess shall .be made by the Government of the other country. Depots for prisoners were -to be appointed; and should any depot be beyond the possession of either country, the charges shall be paid by the two Governments, but in the first instance they shall be defrayed by the Government that appoints the officers of the establishment. "Whenever the two Governments agree to make an exchange of prisoners with the enemy, no distinction shall be made between the respective subjects who shall have fallen in the power of the enemy; but their liberation shall be stipulated aecordingto the date of their capture, except in special circum- stances, which the two Governments reserve for cominon appreciation."

It appears from the official documents collected by the Minister of Ma- rine, that the number of men serving and liable to be 'called on to serve in the Froneh,Navy, on the 1st of April last, was 160,014.•On the same day in 1851, it was 142,040 ; in 1852, 146,920 ; and in 1853, 1-52,812 ; showing an increase in the last three years of 18,000 men.' The average

annual increase from 1830 to 1840 was only from 1400 to 1900. . .

Tunica-Ir.—The further Northwards the Turks advance from Bucharest,

the less certain becomes the intelligence. According to the generally re- ceived accounts, the van of the Turks has been pushed forward as far as Buseo ; where.there had been some skirmishing with the Russian rear- guard and the Bashi-bazoukS led by Iskander Bey. The next position of the Turks was on the line of the Jalomnitza ; while the main body were -distributed over the country between that river and the Danube. Omar Pasha entered Bucharest on the 22d August with 2.5,000 men and thirty guns. Nothing more has been heard of the Austriarai. The position of

-the Russians.appears to have undergone no change ; they still hold the line of the Lower Sereth, Jassy, Galati, and Brailow. Their 'intention to °escalate Moldavia is not at all obvious to persons on the spot. "If," says a writer from Jassy, on the 13th August, "the Russians intended to quit our unfortunate country, they would hardly fortify Tudor°, Lespedzi, Kosmieste, Roman, Kornesti, Bakou, Beshan, Adschiud, and Tynratz, on . the first line of the Sereth ; and Fokschani, Tekutsch, Berlad, Waslui, Skiutri, Jassy, and Belteni, on the second. The third line of defence ex- tends from Galatz to Skuleni."

An attempt had been made at Jassy to get up a monster address from

the inhabitants to the Russians, begg,ing• them not to quit Moldavia : but the attempt had failed. Letters from Galatz, of the 14th August, attri- buted the slowness of the Russian retreat to the number of sick in their train, which the writer estimates at 10,000—when the retreat began. Omar Pasha has addressed a generous and conciliatory proclamation to the Wallachians; referring the sympathy shown by the people for the Russians to the presence of an armed force.

"I ant happy to be enabled to declare that the Imperial Government

grants its clemency, and its entire oblivion, to those who may have gone astray, if there are any, and that nobody will be prosecuted for his opinions, nor for political acts in favour of the Russians during their inva,ion. But, as the Government of our august master throws the veil of oblivion over the past, it has the right to require, and to require it most strictly, that hence- forward no inhabitant of Wallachia shall enter into any relations, direct or indirect, with the Russian troops or with Russian authorities in general.

Every act of this kind will be regarded as espionage ; and the guilty as well

as their confederates will be transferred to the military tribunals, and be treated with all the severity of martial law. I hope that the inhabitants of .Wallachia will lend their obedience aud their concurrence to the local author- ities for the reistablisbment and maintenance of public order,. and that every person will quietly apply himself to his own business and to his ordi- nary occupations." A deputation.of Boyards, consisting of Barcanesco and Alexander and plaltins *iiiii,appacp, waited upon Omar Pasha, at Rustehuck, , on the 11th - ter bolePtulate him, and, in accordance with ancient custom, to rifOgestoStme of the nation the submission of Wallachia to the The bridge built by-the Freneh. and tEngliabt'Sappers aml Miners over the Danube at Ruitchuk is'1495 yea& id icOh, and is described at's " a real chef-ireeuvre of military construction." Omar Pasha opened it in person, with great solemnity. , At the tke-de-pont a triumphal arch had been set up,' surmounted with the colours of England, France' and Turkey'. Tents were set up in abundance on the Wallaebian shore. Then Omar Pasha, mounted on a libmk charger, and wearing the star of the Legion of Honour, rode: at the'bead .of, a staff of officers of all nations across the bridge, .and touched the-left bank of the river under a salutO of twenty-four guns. After this there was a banquet; Whereat English, French, and Turke clinked their glasses, and hurrahed for the Queen, the Sultan, and the Emperor of the Fianoh.

When the Turks first advanced on Bucharest, they were accompanied by three correspondents belonging to ,he London, morning journals. Two of these were arrested by, the Wallachiam. Pollee, apparently oti a warrant from. Omar Pasha. They appealed to the autherities • an inves- tigation was ordered ; and it turned oat that the indignity bad been put upon them by M. Rosetti, a Russian .partiami, at .tbe head of the Wal- lachirm Pollee. Of course every apology was tendered for the " mistake:, The fire at Varna very 'nearly proved a" moat. destructive blow-to 'the Allies. There was in the harbour a vast heather of ships.; it is estimated that there was about 60,000 hundredweight of gunpowder stored in the place and large commiesatiat stores belonging to the Allies. Before the fire broke out, several stranger Greeks arrived, and a number of Greeks fled front the town' professedly to escape from the cholera ; Some of them even leaving lucrative situations.. Just after sunset on the 10th August, a column of. black smoke was seen rising above the Awn near to the French . commissariat store ; and shortly after there arose the shrieking cries of the , Turkish fire-alarm„ the deep beat of the muffled drums from the French quarters, the shrill whistle of the boat- swain from the ships in the harbour, and the bugle from the .eamps outside the town. Varna is a town mostly built of wood; the broadest street no broader •than, Shoe Lane in London before it was improved, and the other streets mere lanes and alleys of the smallest dimen- sions. • The COmblistible nature of the town was increased' a theusand times by the vast military stores—the oil, the spirits, the pitch, and tar. packed away in the houses. It is supposed that the fire originated 'in a Greek conspiracy ; it is already called " the gunpowder plot ' of Varna. Everybody seems to have calculated on an explosion,;, many of the.in- habitants, fled, and some soldiers also—but these were few. The traaas in genera), the Engineers especially, an-ct the ships' crews, acting muter General Tylden. .of the Engineers, exerted themselves to the aitmeist to save the French .powdermiagazine, which.was. in greatest danger. The walls grew so hot.that.they could mot be touched by the hand ; -General Tyllen and 'CorporalGrieg Stuck to their post until the heat singed- their hair. But the' courage 'and 'labour of the men at length saved the Maga- Zinc, and of course the toWn. Many houses were destroyed, several can- teens, and a great quantity of stores. Perhaps the most serious loss, as affecting the n-ar, was that of the faseincs constructed by the French for the expedio.n to he Crimea.

The "speciaLeurrespondent" of the /Yaws, writing from Varna on the 12th August, gives interesting details of thcr,oholera, the . imprudent habits a the soldier, and the state of the commissariat at that date. ..

" At present the cholera has assumed a phase which baffles our best efforts, and throws all our past data to the winds. It sometimes is quite pain- less ; 'there is.often littleamno purging,' but the sufferer is seized with Vio- lent spasms in the stomach, ',which increase in intensity till collapse is es- tablished., and.death.then-rapidly follows, attended with but little exhibi- tiOn bfvgiony. As an instance of the capricious action.of the disease, I may mention what was told me by one of our principal surgeons here, lie had been to visit the camp' of the Fifth Dragoon Guards and of the Enniskillen, which, was pitehed: in a very healthy-looking site. There, however, stele- ness found them, 'and in a few days these skeleton' regiments (for all Our cavalry regiments are 'mere skeleterie of regiments-and nothing -more; 'as , few colonels could bring 250 sabres into the 'field in the. healthiest' state of their troops) were reduced considerably—in fact,they .1(10 shout twentrsix men. During the cloetor'S inspection there was a -heavy ;thunder-49FR; and as he sheltered in one of the tents, be 'expressed his satisfaction atian occurrence which, in accordance with vulgar notions and even, with philos4- phiealinvestigation, is supposed-to produce that beneficial operation Called 'clearing the air' ;- but after. the thunder-storm the 'disease became worse, and-when the surgeon went dowel to his own quarters he found that in the very- height of the electrical discharges five men Of the Ambulance Corps— a body of men heretofore singularly 'free from illness—had beemseized with cholera, and of those five men four were dead in less than six hours.'i n. "The conduct of num), of the men, French and English, seems characterized by a recklessness which verges on insanity. You find thinslyingtrunkin the kennels, or in the, ditches by the read-sides, 'under the blazing..rayeaof the sun, (levered . with awarma of flies.. You see, them in stupid Mbriety gravely paring the rind off cucumbers of portentoul ,dimensionsaand eating the deedly cylinders one after another, to the number of six or. eight, ,:till there is no room for more,—all the while, eating in groupain the fields -oven the flags' by the shops in the open street, and looking as if, they thought they were adopting highly , sanitary measures for. 'their health's sake-; or frequently three,or four of them will maims 'happy bargain with a Greek for a large baaketfel of lipricots, ',kill:pima,' scarlet, pumpkius, water melons, wooden pears, . and .green gages and. plums' :and. then they, re- tire beneath the shade of a tree, where they divide and.eat the luscious food till naught remains but a- heap of peel rind, and etomes. They dilute the mass of fruit with. raki, air peach .brandy, .and then straggle home or go to sleep as best they can. One day I saw a Zoutive and a huge-Greaa- , dier staggering up the street arm in arm, each being literally laden:VIM I enormous pumpkins and cue unibere,,' and in the intervals of soap-4pr one I was shouting out, Cheer, boys, cheer,' in irregular apanus,.-and the 'other was chanting some love ditty of w very lachrymose' character—they' were feeding each other with a cucumber. :One Maks; bite and, banded it liii friend,, who did, the. same; and thus they werecontinuing their amphibian banquet, till the Englishman slipped OA a Atone awl went dove, into the mud, bringing his friend after him, ,pumpkin, cucumbers, and all, The French- , man disengaged himself briskly; :hut the Grenadier at once composed. him- 1 self to sleep, notwithstanding the entreaties of hisaompanion. After draggiug I at him, head,legs,..arink inalshotildere, :the Zoucke found be eould make to impression on tho Mert.mass of his friend ;and, regarding him in themest tragic menner..possible,, he clasped. ails, hawk Med :exeliiimed,.i Ta e ti done, mon aini, mon riser Jeeent Eli bieni.0eaucherahavee tot' ; and, , calmly sing a couple of cucumbers-for a pAlowdiu ley ,down,' and was snoring in the gutter in 'unison with his glad to see them 'tali I Off to the Corps do Garde iiilabant fiverminitea atte0164 aa' a lucky patrol bappetied to come its retrathirough- the strebt.' The "Turkieh soldiers are equally-careless-1ff their diet aud-tiving. - 1-am looking- at about twenty of

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sar thcai tna i isop ellewspreferrit C most part very regular the avesfitiVred4 'ern they glare and Scowl at Christians -in rn 'help& rditzfrninutes afterwards. ."there can a' 4 Ache' ''ef, pair inert so farhalthe sommis- ssispessupplies erbOsbneefnedi; •atahatit, thehave at preseriOa.Sery full and ample aation ; in fat Ilreite/neverlyetmettink army in tht'fielii which ever received:anything atai,11heiratuat ars air Ifollows, daily :.:141b. Of meat, bief orahuttone!./11,1hothrdati, urellhs of biaeuit if the bread:. is had or tssnot readysl■ lat4sefsceffeet,atips. of hgar, 2oa. of rice, and half a gill of rum. For the coffee and sugar the soldier mays a penes' ; for the rice and rum he pays nethieg. It rs almost a pity that thesruin and the some were not served out long ago, as I suggested they should ;" for, no doubt, the men required some stimulant, considering thb Mode of life te Which they had been accustomed and the peculiarly relaxing- effects of this deeds. As itle, hewever, the ration is most ample; and nesairthy in the history of the werld was ever so;weli fed ; indeed; Isdolibt if 'any army ever recei'ved from ha country half . se good an allowance regtilaffy as our meta in Terkey do." • . This also is :from Varna, two days later—August 14; communicated correspondent" of the Jlurnimj 1st, with the assistance of one of the army chaplains.

"Among the French the mortality has been terrible. Not only did they Jose, it is now said, 3000 men during -their expedition to Kustendje, but after their return there were buried for several days, on an average, 130 men. With us, matters have, thank God, been somewhat better ; yet, considering our numbers our visitation has been severe. By letter received yesterday from the Light Division, my friefitispeaks of the past in these words—' Your kind letter I should have answered Sooner, but nom the moment I received it the sick have posseSiedsme. The cholenr, exhibited its hideous presence first in our division on Saturday night the 22dItly ; when tome men of the Seventh, Twenty-third,' and Eighty-eighth: Regiments, were cut off. From that time to this ,I have Mot had a secondamoecupied./ The scenes of New- Matlehave been renewed to me, and bitter has hems nay trial. Often have ',been with-the dying at two a.m., and cermluded my lined dasSe, work with funerals -at ten o clot* at alight, when I was glad to-throw myself mpon bed. I now generally' at at seven o'clock a. m., rind visit all the hespitels. This, with committing the departed to their last home, occupies me until half- past seven in the evening ; so anything like correspondence is out of the ques- tion. The heat has been most oppressive, and I su'ffer from continued sickness of stomach, with want of appetite, I attribute this to being se long- tinder the influence of a close ChederaatinesPhere. I cannot conceive how poor Shehan, theRemait Cathelit priestSbolds but; for he ill moat active,- and his frame is so slight ,when compared ,with Mine :shut sometimes the thin are very. wiry; and bear a vast amount of labour; he-eertainly does, for healevms,complains for one meraent of fatigae.s I have a morning service, with short -sermon, almost every day in eaehhospitalsafter seeing the sick from bed 10 bed ; and this taxes the mind and body sharply, ; but what must it be where, besides the strain upon the mind and nerves, there is much which may be called mechanical work—excuse, extreme unction—bending over the dying to.hear their eenfessions' .Sm. Up to the 5th Angst,' we had last 85- men and2 worriers. Major fivinge, of the.Artillery, took 340 drops of laudanum, by mistake, instead of 20. We also lost Dr. Jenkina of the Twenty-third Fusiliers; and Eientemint Massy of. the Seventy-sevenththe latter had just arrived with the draught—only three days in Turkey, and summoned away. The place in which we are now encamped, is celled the Valley of the Pierre; the Russians having lost. 7000 men here of that disease.' . • . "The Second Division encamped about -three miles from DaYn.a, has be,en highly favoured : cholera hea , been scarcely known., During . the last - dayor two, a melancholy feeling pervaded the regiments, on account of- the etehlen deaths in our-army of two field-officers and a subaltern-s-Lieutenant- Cqlonel Elliot, Seventy-ninth Regiment, -the Major of the same regiment, and lecuMnant Turner. The Third Division, encamped an the bill to the South egarria. Bay, has been severely visited ; and to he aped of the Cavalry Di- vrailem. In the General Hospital,. the deaths have lately much- decreased ; but refearful proportion of those attacked by cholera has been conveyed to the grave. Strange to say, patients have for the most part struggled through

,the, first stage, and died, fromthe fever." .

Whether the expedition- to the Crimea has sailed or not is un- knoWn. But 'certain it is that the siek-neSs so prevalent had greatly weakened the strength and damped the spirits of the soldiers ; and as the cholera broke out in the fleet, it was seriously canvassed in the camp whether the expedition would sail at all. At the latest date, however, (the 19th August) the healthof , the camps had begun to improve. Some _idea of the losses of the troops may he obtained fron the following state- ment by-the. "special-correspondent" of the -Times, writing at that date from Varna.- :fsSo completely exhausted son, last Thursday was the brigade of Guards, these-3000 of the flower of-England, that-they -had to make two marches in order to-get over the,distance from Aladyn to Varna; which-is not snore than tenaniless•, lint-thatnot all ; their packs were mitrieds for them. Just :think of- I thiss, good ',people 'of -England, who are sitting anxienely in your homes, day after day, 'expecting every morning to gladden your eyes with the reght,of the announcement-sin large type,.of s-Fall of Sebastopol,' your Guards, ,your corps- &elite,- the -pride of your hearts, the delight of your esses-4hese Anakim, .whose .stature; strength, and massive bulk you exhibit -to kingly Vieitors as no inapt symbols 'ofsyour nations--have been se reduced by-sickness, diseases-and a-depressing climate, that it was judged inexpe- dieretto atlow them to marry their own peeks, or to permit them to march more -than five- miles, a day, even though. these packs were carried for War! Think of. this, and then judge whether' these' men are fit in their present state ' to go to Sebastopol, or to attempt-- any great operation of: wars- The Highland brigade is in- better condition; -but even- thethree noble regiments, which compose it are fur from being in good health or in the epiritsin which- they set: out for Varna; The-Duke's division has lost 160.men - -of these nearly 100 belonged to the Geardss In the brigade of Guards lliere were before-tint remelt to Varna mjswards of 600 men sick. The Light- Division has lost 110 or 112 Men; Sir:de L. Mahal has lost 100 men or thereabouts. The little-cavalry Ririe has been sadly' reduced by death; and the .Third (Sir R.' Errotanffis)sfrrsision, -Which has been ' eneamped to the NorthSWeit of 'Yarns,- elobe' outside the totem has lost upwards of 100 men ;,-the;FiftietivilegitnerstSSibb -Were much Worked, being partieularly cut -up!s,The AMbulanee Corps has been completely crippledby the'death of the drtvera atidmen belonging to it, and the medical officers have been called upon-to make a Special report ou the mortality among them." Frani the fleet at BaltschikTay we also have sad accounts. Writing on the 19th, another correspondent of the Times describes how, fearing the approach of cholera, the squadron sailed on a cruise on the 12th, but how on the 14thi thesehroke, out simultanimuely,in several ships. "In twenti, inen died in the.1344theiset, 'and thirty-in the next twenty hours. Those -who have only witnessed the effects of this fatal pest on band gal-U:404 iMagina thP ffilditiQual ehfuStar whiqh.ge,00.HIPaRiee its pro- pass at sea. Let-thern imagines a .thousendsmen naMewlY Sated in a neat- mg box:: a heavy sest obliges-them to close all the ports sea that, notwith- standiet all the appliance-a of air-sails, 8ec., the air at night becomes abominably tainted -below. Fifty or sixty robust mess, in the prime of life, are suddenly, almost in an instant, struck with the death-agony ; raving, perhaps, or convulsed, in the midst of thie dense mess of sleepers.. Who can tell the horror of:such a scene ?.' It was enough to quell the brnynst spirit, or to destroy the balance of even a well-poised brain. But in mieh of the ships both men and officers-did their duty most nobly in these trying hours. The gemereue self-devotionsaf the, men to their dying comrades svaa to the last degree touching. They nursed thew, cheered them, and waited on them in- defatigably, and with all the gentleneseand tact of women ; svbile the officers divided therneelves into watches, arid ,generally ,superintended and aided the doctors in their arduous duties. No wan shrank from the -disagreeable, but manfully went through his.dreadful duty. Some of the men.nursed three sets of sick, and at length sank themselves. As for the poor sailmakers- whose trsing task it, was to SIM up the bodies in hammocks hour after hour, without rests-some-died, and others were fairly worn out. Every mau and officer was so weakened and debilitated that the ordinary duties of work- jug the sails of these,ponderous ships could ecareely be carried ea. . . . . The Britannia hiss suffered most (about 100) ; which is singular, as she has been most remarkably healthy hitherto during her entire commission. Furious (about 17), Albion (50), and Trafalgar are asnoeg -the next sufferers. All the ships which were lying at Besika Bay have suffered, while those which have joined since have comparatively escaped. Hoe:river, things are evidently steadily mending, and fortunately there are men here ready to fill up the gaps. At this instant we have sound ships enough to perform any duties required of them, and to give the Museev' a very handsome thrash- ing.should he venture out of his kennel. The Ag,ameouson, Belle,rophon, Saespareil, and Leander, now at Yarns, have almo9t escaped all sieknbss. Courage ! let us hope that the worst is' passed, and that we shall soon leek back upon this as a terrible dream."

The French loss has been. far more .severe titan the English. It is stated that 200 men had 'died in the Ville de Paris, -arid 200 in the Montebello.

The reports of the Russian victories at 13aya.zeed arid near Kars are amply confirmed. The Turks under Zariff Pasha, who had so long stood face to face with the Russians near Iladji-veli-Khoi at length ventured on a battle, They marched out of *their intrenched camp and advanced upon the Russians. The latter came on to meet them; and a well- sustained conflict ensued, which began at five in the inorniug and ended at one in the afternoon. The liassians charged with the bayonet ; and the Turks, after an obstinate re,sistance, gradually retired upon their intrenehments. They never, fought 'so well in open field before ; and their defeat was mainly brought about by the superiority of the Russian cavalry. The Bashi-bazoults, however, seem to have fought well; and the Russians admit that one of their charges effectually stayed for a time the advance of the right wing. The result of the battle, according to the Russian account, was 2000, Turks killed, 2018 prisoners, and 15 cannon taken, with 26 flags and standards, and .6 ammunition-waggons. The Russians admit .11 less of 4 superior officers, 17 subaltern officers, and 568 men, killed ; I general, 9 superior officers, 70 subaltern offic.ers, and 1831 men wounded ; 1 general, 9 superior officers, 29 subaltern officers, and 444 men, received contusions. The Russians estimate their own force at 18,000, and the Turkish force at nearly 50,000 men. [The real number was probably 30,000.] According to the Turkish account, a truce.was agreed on after the battle, to bury the dead-anti collect the wounded. It is remarkable that both sides retired ; the 'nuke to their intrenched camp, the Russians towards Gumri. Subsequently the Turim

fell back upon Kars, and their camp was occupied by the Russians. '

THE Batric.-.—Letters from the fleet give further particulars of the surrender of Domarsund. The flag of truce oh the 16th August, appeared at the embrasure at one o'clock. Admiral Napier and Admiral Chads imniediately landed ; some chasseurs and marines were seen mounting the rocks; and General Baragnay d'Hilliers and stiffifgalloped up. to the fort by the road. General Bodisco then came forth to parley s but, finding that an unconditional surrender was demanded, be gave up his Sword to Sir Charles Napier and General Baraguay d'Ililliers. -A general advance was -ordered ; -and the French and English took- possession of. the ,nsaga- sine. and place. Theprisoners piled their arms, and marched( down-to the coast between two lines of soldiers, who stood with loaded 6xe- anus and fixed bayonets. Seine of the Russians were madly drunk, and danced a polka all down the-line. One ibis said, had attetepted, to fire the magazine, In three ,hours after the surrender they. were on board the men of war.

The following extracts from the correspondence of the London morning journals will give the reader some idea of the work done by our land and sea batteries. One writer,- speaking of the-main fort, says-

" Under the walls of this huge fortification the ground. was completely bestrewed with 84-pound shot, broken shells, grape and canister, intermixed with enormous sheets of iron that had been dislodged from the roof ; and the granite walls had been broken away in thousands of ,places. In the in- terior, which was a large square and parade-ground, the fatal missiles, and heaps of broken granite and brick-work, bespoke the terrible vigour of the

. . The Governor, in conversation; stated that their chance of holding out longer had become quite hopeless; a 10-inch gun, turned from their own mud battery against them, being well handled: he-observed also that the battery from the heights was brought to play upon him, (this was Captain Ramsay's,) and that the French were gradually advancing and se- curing their position. The last two shells that were fired' were from Captain Pelhattes.gun on the mud battery ; they entered the same embrasure, and set fire to the officers' quarters.'

With regard to the effectiveness of the attack on the second round tower, Fort Nottich, we have the testimony of two eye-witnesses.

"To the second tower there was no roadway ; it was approached only by climbing over the rocks. It mounted terenty-six guns. The breach made in it bp Captain' Ramsay's battery at 800 yards across an inlet was something terrific. The whole West side had literally fallen away, and eight men abreast could have entered thereby. This breach was effected in nine hours." 'Another gives a picture of the firing. as it appeared at the time from the English camp., "Each gun from battery told against the enemy's walls with stunning effect; each shot left its mark, and each succeeding one picked out a frag- ment, or dislodged.a block, until the shaken wall, no longer able to.bear the heavy blows from the 32-ponnder shot, began to totter ands es- way. In about tato or three hours a huge gap was visibly enlarging,..and a few set - • Imes now 111M-eased it to -a regular breach, coMpletely obliterating two em- brasures in the upper tier, and opening the casematee and inner court to

view. The fort being circular, only four of the guns could be properly trained to bear upon the battery. A third gun was at length silenced ; and so ought to have been a fourth, but this fourth gun and its heroic defenders would not yield. The English shot now began to bring down the wall in large masses, and the fallen ruins continued to smother the muzzle of this invincible gun ; but as often did the brave Russians rush into the breach, no longer an embrasure, and madly shovel away the lime and stones from the gun, and even at times the gun was fired from within through the heap, so as to blow away the accumulating mass. After several hours of mortal strife this wonderful gun still tenaciously held its ground, and would not yield. It still gave shot for shot. The action continued until 5.30; when the side of the fort was quite demolished, and the gun now lay deeply buried in the ruins of the fallen walla."

An officer of the Leopard gives an exciting description of a journes, he made to the French camp on the 13th August, and back again. His

/much up lay between the direction of the Russian fire; and he describes himself and a French Lieutenant as dodging the bails. Here is the march to the French camp. " Leaving the camp, I pushed on up towards the battery of the French ; but first I must descnbe the position, &c., that you will better understand it.

They have only six mortars on the South of the fort, a steep rise of a hill for about 1200 yards, thickly wooded in most places; so that, looking down from the fort, you see nothing but the tops of the pine-trees as far down as the valley I spoke of before, as where the shot were pitching. The French approached this by cutting trenches in an oblique direction, and throw- ing up the earth from the trench as a breastwork on the side next to the fort, to act as a screen, whereby they might drag up their mortars in secu- rity; at four hundred yards below the fort they were posted, the motors mounted behind a tremendous embankment made of baskets filled with clay and all sorts. I approached this, in my ignorance, from our side, parallel with" the centre of the intrenehments. As long as I was behind the rocks it WES all well, but between me and them lay a piece of naked ground—' where ig- norance is bliss,' &c. We pushed across this piece, and when from the edge of the trenches we saw a rench officer energetically beckoning us with hie hat: Deseendez, messieurs, deseendez, site; courez, comes '—whiz came a round shot,- close to us, then another ; so we compromised our dignity, stooped, and ran as hard as we could go, and did not feel secure until we jumped in behind the breastwork of the inu-enchment. The French officer told us the mortars were about a hundred yards nearer the fort, and that on account of the rock the breastwork was intercepted, so that it was not con- tinuous; that between lay about sixty yards, which he graphically described as diterally swept with a storm of the enemy's shot; and that if we went on, we should emerge from the trenches and run as hard as ever we could in a position stooping to the ground. We did so; and here for the first time I heard the sweet music of a volley of shot flying close past—it is beautiful. We reached the next intrenehment in safety, and got in behind the breastwork. Here I saw old General D'Hilliers himself directing all as coolly as if nothing was going on—a fine soldierlike old man. They were pitching the shells without a miss right on the roof of the fort, only four hundred yards off, in which there was now a wide breach. Every instant a shot from the enemy ;passed about six feet over our heads along the tops of the trees, and sped away to pitch into the soft earth of the valley I before alluded to, now nine or ten hundred yards below us. If they depressed the muzzles of their rum, the shot pitched right into the back of the breastwork, covered us with clay and sand, but beyond half blinding us did no harm. The only danger was froin shells bursting over us. This did not occur : one burst about six yards over us; we all crouched ; it fell amongst us in pieces, half blinded us and covered us with smoke and dust, and made a deafening report, bursting so close :. so well had- the French taken up their position, that not a man was hurt, though now for twelve hours they had been fired at. There was a regiment of Chasseurs keeping up one incessant withering Ere of rifles into the embra- sures and driving the men from their guns ; they must have killed numbers. . . . . I staid at the intrenchmentsforfour hours. Such a noise! the incessant screech of the rushing shot close to your head—the near report of the mor- tar beside us—the bursting of the shells overhead—the incessant rattle of the rises—the orders issued—the blinding smoke—the day driven about by the shot striking the breastwork—and all the while the cool, steady bear- ing of the officers, and the all as cool steady men quietly working away with the pickaxe and spade—made up such a scene as shall make me remember yesterday's operations for ever. It was now time to go to the boat; and as I had four miles to walk, I once more stooped, rushed across the place where the shot was flying, and skirted down towards the camp, not without being reminded of my location ; for, going on, a shell burst close over rue, and a piece about three pounds' weight struck about two yards off -me. I stooped down, followed it for a foot into the clay, and brought it off as a trophy. It is a strange exciting feeling to stand close to these iron messengers striking into the ground ; or, better still, to see them pitch on a rock and shiver into pieces !

The Gazette of Tuesday publishes further despatches with enclosures from the Commander-in-chief of the Baltic fleet. Their dates ex, tend from the 17th to the 22d August, and they relate chiefly to the services rendered by particular officers. The officers specially mentioned are, Captain Hall of the Heels, Captain Giffard of the Valorous, and Lieutenant de Vaisseau Georgette du Buisson' of the French steamer Cocyte, all acting under the orders of Admiral Plumridge in the attack on the Prasto tower. General Jones, speaking in the highest terms of all under his command, especially singles out Colonel Graham of the Ma- rines and Captain Ramsay ; while Colonel Graham bespeaks the atten- tion of General Jones to the services of Major Nolloth, Captain Heriott, R.M., Brigade-Major Captain W. C. P. Elliott, Lieutenant Fraser, R.M., Lieutenant Lennox, and Assistant-Surgeon Daniel John Duigau. In a brigade order signed by Major Ord, General Jones presents his thanks to the whole force employed under his command on 'More. Captain Pel- ham, reporting the "exceeding good conduct and gallantry" displayed by the officers and men at the one-gun battery which he commanded, signalizes Lieutenant Francis A. Close .Leveson Wildman, acting mate, and John Farrell, chief boat's mate and captain of gun. General Jones brings into prominent notice his naval aide-de-camp the Honourable Ernest Cochrane, whom he describes as "a young officer of great intel- ligence," with a hope that he may have the benefit of his assistance should a force be again employed on shore. In a despatch to Sir Charles Napier, General Baraguay d'Hilliers testifies on behalf of the seal of Commander the Honourable Arthur Cochrane, attached to the Staff of the General to facilitate the relations between the French army and Bri- tish fleet.

Return of the Killed and Wounded in the Force under the Comenanfdo Brigadier-General Jones, between the 7th and 18th of August 1854, at Botnarsund, Aland ligature.

Rilled-The Hon, C. Wrottesley ; Henry Collins, private EM., Duke of' Wel. lington. Wounded dangerously-Thomas Baugham, private R.M., her Majesty's ship Blenheim, ankle-joint, by a fragment of a shell ; since amputated.

.Wounded severely-William Mitchell, A.B., her Majestys- ship Blenheim, by splinters of iron. • • • . - Slightly wounded—William Bridle„ gunner's mate, _hey Majesty's snip Bogue, by splinters of iron.

Slight otintusions-Captain William Itarbasty; her Majesty's ship Hogue ' Lieu_ tenant G. F. Burgess, R.N., her Majestysaddp Rdinbtugh. Burnt-John 114'Gugan,.-4,B.,-ber Majesty's ship Hogue, in the foot; Sohn M'Griffin, A.B., her Majesty's ship Hogue, foot.

A. R. BUM:WORD,

/Marge= of her Majesty's ship Hogue, and

• Medical Officer in charge of the above Force.

Approved, W. 11„,istaav, Captain.- •

Return of Russian Prisoners embarked in the undermentioned Ships.

Hannibal-Officers 9, privates 304, wives of officers 1, wires'of men 7, children 2 ; total 323.

Algiers-Officers 8, privates 409, wives of officers 2, wives of men 1; total 420. Royal William-Officers 16, privates 731, wive of officers 1, wives of men 8, chil- dren 8 ; total 764. Termagant-Officers 3, privates 199, wives of officers 3, children 1, servants 1 ; total 207.

St. Vincent-Officers 15, privates 499, wiverof men 5,chfie

dl Gnaii cb2'l littoaml 521.

Grand total, 2235. E. vi

Some documents of interest, and even of importance, were found in the Bomarsdnd fortress. Among others is a copy of the instructions writ- ten by the direction of the Emperor on the 10th L22d] of last March to Lieutenant-Colonel Turngelm, an officer of the Finnish Chasseurs of the . Imperial Guard, ordered on a mission to Aland. At that date, the Ens- peror, considering the exposed position of Aland, and the probability that the communication between the islands and the main land might be cut off by the enemy, sent Colonel Turngehu with powers to act independently of the Governor of Abo,- if necessary. He was further instructed to in- spect the islands in- a military punk of- view s. to. learn the spirit of the inhabitants ; to affect an interest in their domestic affairs, in order to gain their confidence ; • to obtain an influence over the Protestant clergy and to stimulate a warlike spirit among the inhabitants ta- general. The- instructions point out how difficult a landing may be made by resistance; and Colonel Tinngelm is directed to attend to all positions-where an enemy Might land; and to take in time every possible measure to repel him. He is also todetermine what points inland are capable of becoming positions where an obetinate resistance may/be made, and to fortify such Points. Arms also were provided for the islanders, but great circum- spection was to be shown in giving them away to the right ,m,en. If ne- cessary, forests were to be burnt, and-IWIdges and TOECIS destroyed; and it is added, as if by an afterthought, " slieedd our fleet happen to be in the neighbourhood, you will, of course, p.t yourself in communication with it.'

The Monitor,- announced, on Wednesday, that the- Governments of England and Prance have resolved to- destroy the thrtifications of Aland, and that Bemarstind will be evacuated.

. .

Rusera.—Two Russian documents-have been recently published; one a proclamation read to the garrison of Odessa, cm the 13th August,.the other an article in the Journal de St. .Peteraboury, singularly 'contradictory in statement. Thus runs the proclamation-

" In his exalted wisdom, his Majesty the Emperor has ordered the with- drawal of the troops which had entered Moldavia and Wallachia, and com- manded their 'presence here, where the danger is greater. In order to the protection of the Detubian Principalities against an invasion by the Turksj the ancient ally of his Majesty the _Emperor undertakes the duty of tem- porarily occupying those provinces. In this place we have to do with a new enemy, who entertains the wicked and-presumptuous intention of attacking us in our own country. This enemy has been repeatedly fought and van- quished by our brave fathers. From you his- Majesty thesFsmperor expects . the like. By your bravery and discipline you will conquer and utterly de- feat the foe. . This new enemy is more expert and courageous and better led than are the Turks; nevertheless, your valour and might will suffice to overcome him' as your fathers have done before you. In the battle with these French, think of the glorious year of 1812,.when the Heaeenly Father prepared also his armies against these godless and presumptuous men, and caused them all to perish amid ice and snow."

But the Journal de St. Petersbourg tells quite a different story, in-re- plying to an article in the Journal des Dads-

" With respect to the last operation of our troops, the Journal des Debuts and its Western brethren are anxious to persuade their credulous readerssas well as their Mussulman allies, that these operations are the result, not only- of the energetic, attitude of the Turks, but also and more particularly of the. presence of the Anglo-French troops upon the theatre of war. We cannot permit them to indulge in this illusion. "The Imperial Government had a- right to hope- that.the moderation of its acts, as well as the loyalty of its intentions, would be appreciated by the Cabinet of Vienna.- On this persuasion it has regulatedits oonduct since the commencement of the present crisis. The final attitude chosen by Austria,. by rendering untenable a stragetical position taken up by our armies it* full confidence, has rendered necessary a movement of concentrations which they have just completed; and now that they have returned. to our territory, the Austrian Government, freed from all anxietys feels itself without doubt in a -position to make the allies of the Sultan respect those principles of thoinde- pendence of Turkey and the integrity of the Ottoman empires. established by . the Congress of Vienna. Nevertheless, when performing add movement, tip) Commander-in-thief, Prince, Gortschakoff, took care to deprive it of the oha-: meter with which it is sought to be invested in the present day, by accom- plishing it under the eery eyes of the enemy, with leisure and dige- nity. He even remained a long time before Buchareisesinsfront of the Turks!: ish army, with the hope that- Omar Pasha would offer battle; and only aftec. this hope was disappointed did he decide Aspen coutinning- his march li is not his faults therefore,' tbat in spite of their Warlike 'impatience, the Turks- remained on on the other side of the Danube."

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The writer ridicules the athalfresiilts obtained by-the gigantic display's of France and England, who have- diegnieefully confined- their exploits: to attacks against defenceless towns and inoffensive merehmit-vessels and protests-that Russia "'neither wished fOr the unjust war at present made against her, nor had mad' preparations for it." A correspondent ef-- the -arorke Garete, writing from Odessa on the' 14th August, describes the-place as 4* in. groat; fear and great need,"--. afraid of the sight of an English, ship, sad .with.nothing. for- the, pbpu- lation to do but siekrpeemnon,belle, for Whieli-the-Governor had offered: fifteen kopeks each. All hands' :at' the'disposaLedsthe Grevernments Were. employed on the fortifications. IreepOri-,' the Warier -moray halted, and then continued their March ttstyRiptdea. SWEDE:I.—The Swedish AftaWartet, ;that General BaregnaY d'Hilliers has offered the Ring -of Swedenfourteernrmillien francraor the first month, and seven for succeeding months, es o subsidy to-be pad 0II his actively joining the Weetern Powers. A motion was made on the 28th August in the Swedish. House,of yeomen that the Chambers should petition the King to take steps. to insure that Aland never again'beeornes Russian.

DeNiesax..—.A. telegraphic' despatch from Copenhagen, dated Wednes- day, gives some very interesting•news . . "-A orowded meeting-of the-members of the Constitutional Society was held jest evening. Thrve thousand persons, including men of all ranks, were present. Enthuelastio resolutions were passed, supporting the ground-law, denouncing the despotism of the ootroi, and defying the Ministry. All the persons present solemnly agreed to sustain the Parliament in impeaching the Cabinet, andrefuse the payment of taxes until this step had been. taken. A sum amounting to several thousand dollars was subscribed in the room to- wards forming a fund for guaranteeing the support of discharged civilians, members of Parliament, and for assisting the constitutional press. The name of the King was not mentioned' during. the-proceedings. At the close, loud cheers were given for the Constitution. The Ministry continue to threaten obnoxious public men as well as members of Parliament holding office. The consequence is, that fresh resignations are taking place."

GERMINT. —Baron EdVrard de Bach, late Governor of Upper Austria, and-brother of the Austrian Minister-of the Interior, has been appointed to the post of Austrian Civil Commissioner for the Danubian Princi- palities. He west) proceed forthwith to the head-quarters of Baron Hess, and thence to Bucharest.

The Paris' Moniteur quotes a passage from the correspondence of the Belgian Inde'pendance expressing very strongly the belief of the writer, that whatever may be the hesitation of her Government, "Prussia, in- fluenced by the-position she assumed at the-commencement of the crisis, by the force of circumstances, and by public opinion throughout all Ger- many, will not separate herself from her allies in the Conference of Vienna." • • A letter signed "Baron de Augnoz, Imp. Royal Vice President," and addressed to the Mayor of the Jewish community of Pesth, declares the extreme displeasure with which he had viewed the absence of contribu- tions to the veluntiiry "'lean. After the high appeal made by the Em- peror, continues the Baron, "no one dares to evade his duty to his Sove- reign; and you are hereby' requested to summon every Jewish inhabitant of Pesth before you, when you shall urge upon him the duty of volun- tarily subscribing ; and give me the names of those who should behave in a lukewarm manner, or even presume to avoid all participation in the loan."

SPAIN.—The intelligence from Spain contains notices of two events of importance' —the escape of the Queen-Mother to Portugal, and the dis- solution of the Clubs. Queen Christina, it is stated, had recourse to Lord Howden in her difficulties, and he mediated between her and the Govermnent. She at first refused to depart without her children, but at last agreed to set out in any manner which General San Miguel might see fit to propose. How she eventually got off has not been narrated ; but the telegraph reports that there were some disturbances, which, however, were quelled by the National Guard. The dissolution of the Clubs, es- pecially of the 'Circle of the Union," seems to have been attended with less difficulty. At a meeting of the club, the National Guards marched in, and the members marched out. A deputation afterwards waited on Espartero, and it is stated that he convinced-them how necessary perfect tranquillity was for the safety of. the country and the public credit. It seems that-theSartorius Cabinet not only disposed of the forced loan and the revenue of Cuba-for two years and a half, but left behind them a de- ficit of 81800;000k Espartero has assembled the bankers of Madrid, and obtained-from, them a loanaof 500,0001. to meet. the most pressing de- mands.

A Royal decree countersigned by Espartero, and; preceded by an expo- sition signed by all the Ministers, declares San Sebastian to be again the capital of the province of Guipuzcoa : the seat of government had been transferred to Tolosa, by a Royal decree, dated January 1844.

General Dulce has raised the state of siege in Catalonia, after having restored•order.

BELGIUM—A fresh breaking-up of the Ministry, by resignation, has- taken`plaom The Independence Beige mentions the following causes- as -operating to produce that step.

"Thodiscuasions calledforth by the conventions to be concluded between the-communal authorities and the bishops for the organization.of religious education by the clergy in•the establishments of intermediate instruction— the opposition, openly manifested, which. the convention.of Antwerp meets with in, a part of. the Liberal party—and above all, the now pretensions which the-clerical party puts forth—have.produced, it is said, a certain im- pression on. the Ministry, which had flattered itself to have found at last the means-of conciliating the rights of the civil power with the exigencies of the religious authority. The Ministry, it is also said, saw that animated discussions were to be anticipated on the question of charity, in which,- as in that of' instruction, the pretensions of the Right go exceedingly far, and in which. also the Liberal party is not unanimous on every point.- Ministry, it is supposed, was afraid of not finding-in the Parliament asufficient majority on these two questions. Lastly, it is thought that., the well-known desire of one of the members of. the Cabinet to give-up his portfolio must have ex- essisedeome influence on the general resolution which the Ministers have comet°, not- to delay any longer a voluntary resignation, which interpella- nom, on certain other recent facts, discussions, and Parliamentary votes, would-at a-later period have rendered obligatory."

Imes taro Canti.—The overland mail arrived in London on Mon- day, with'adVines.froni Boinhay to-the 20th July, and from Hongkong to the 8th-Jiily.

Sunday -the 1-6th was. observed at Bombay and all over India as A day of humiliation and prayer for the success.of • the British arms, by the Na- tives ps vrell asthe Euroemins. The Ifindomand Parsees concurred in the celebration,. Two of the .prayers-have been transmitted. to us , Ope of them, prepared by a Brahmin, is as follows.

PRkYER TO THE SUPREME " rsawiat."

. Inna (In theMarath verse nalkd " Pad")

e evils are aocruing from war : . Except the Lord of the Universe there is no peace-maker. Let the-dee/ea [dram], proclaim him the true Saviour ;

_ Let lt sound for Thee the great proteetor of thy worshipers; "Tlisolame Protector-of-the-Universe is suitable to Thee ; There is no one in our difficulties but Thou alone. Innumerable aoldiers are clYing iii'fight;

Their spouses are making great hinientation ;

Their•poor children are suffering distress-,' The learned Hindus cannot even describe their- misery ;

The attention of princes is directed to war ; A stop is put to invaluable works ; Universal destruction is everywhere occurring ; There is dishonour to Thee from this destruction.

All commerce is stopped ; There is fear about sending goods to other lands ; Conspirators have arisen and devoted themselves to plunder ; On these accounts immeasurable loss is occurring- In this manner war is the destroyer of wealth; People are making great lamentation. Wherefore, 0 Lord, be thou the Saviour from this ocean of calamity ; Be to all the Pointer-of-the-good-Path.

To the Parsees must be given the credit of having first of the Native sects moved in this matter ; traditional usage having authorized them in so doing. The assembly at their principal ateshgalis or fire-temples was unprecedentedly great. Their services there were principally conducted in the ancient Zend language, the priests being the great officials. A prayer in the vernacular, however, was also used. It was addressed to the Supreme, and ran thus- " I offer my prayer to Thee, 0 glorious and exalted God, that the Sove- reign of this realm may have the victory with honour and triumph in the war. May the Sovereign of Sovereigns inspire with wisdom, and endow with strength, her army and navy. Long live the Sovereign, and may the em- pire flourish. May God annihilate her enemies, and may His blessing rest upon her. May He watch over all these events, and destroy the enemy. I make my prayer and supplication unto Thee, Almighty God, that success may attend the cause of our Queen in the field of battle. May our Queen continue her rule in justice and mercy, and may her name and her power be handed down to many generations. May she ever maintain in all its in-. tegrity her exalted position, which is illumined with light and glory. Such is my prayer."

The other news is of slight importance. From Burnish we still hear of dacoity, ; and although it meets with vigorous treatment, the want of a mounted police is still felt. As an evidence of the good feeling of the Illabomedans towards the British Government, it is stated that the King of Oude has placed 12,000 infantry, 1000 horse, and 1000 guns, at its disposal.

The news from China is that 40,000 rebels have gone Northward from Nankin. The Pekin Gazette seems at length impressed with the formid- able character of the rebellion.

No intelligence of the Russian fleet has arrived by this mail. It is supposed to have gone Northward.

UNITED STATES—The Atlantic arrived at Liverpool on Wednesday, with advices from New York to the 19th August.

The struggle for the possession of Kansas between the Free-soilers and the Slave-owners had assumed gigantic proportions. In many of the Northern States, societies have been formed to assist emigrants in locating themselves in the- new territory. In Massachusetts, the Legislature had granted a charter to an "Emigrants Aid Company," with a capital of five millions of dollars. This company has sent on a party to the territory, and has already established thirty young men at a place called Worcester, on the river Kansas. In New York a similar company has been formed. These companies propose to forward emigrants to Kansas, and to locate them on the land, at rates cheaper than can be done by individuals. The New York Company go much greater lengths : they are building a line of steamers, and they propose to establish agencies throughout Europe in the manner of the present agencies, who shall sell tickets not only for America, (as at present) but for any part of the Western country to which the purchasers may desire to go. Thus, with a ticket obtained at Mann- heim, or Hamburg, or Cork, the German or Irish peasant will, as they anticipate, be able to go in comfort and at a reasonable expense from his home in Europe to the farthest West of America ; where, planted on land- near the possessions of the company, he will by his industry soon repay more than any possible loss the company may suffer in his transportation. This "fall," they hope to plant 20,000 men upon the Kansas territory, drawn from American sources. The origin of the movement, which spe- culation has made its own, was to preserve the land from the slave-own- ers, and insure a free constitution to Kansas. The companies, however, look beyond this territory, and talk of planting free colonies in New Mexico and even Virginia. The cholera in New York had decreased : only 24 deaths in the week ending August 15. The total number of deaths from the epidemic amounted to 1456, out of a population of 700,000.

The harvest, it was believed, would be "great beyond precedent "; but prices had not materially fallen, because they had been sustained in Europe.

WEST Lemes.—The Atrato, which arrived at Southampton from the West Indies on Tuesday, brings us files of papers up to the 16th August. They contain little news of local interest, and arc mainly filled with correspondence from the seat of war, extracted from the English news- papers. The two subjects of chief interest discussed in the journals are the use of the fibrous productions of the islands, such as plantain fibre, for paper-making and other purposes; and the effect of the annexa- tion of Cuba to the United States upon West Indian interests. All the movements of the Americans towards an extension of power and territory naturally occupy the West -Indian mind a great deal, and its conclusions' are by no means favourable to the Yankees. The cholera had greatly abated in Jamaica and Barbados ; but it had appeared with severity in St. Lucia and Grenada. While the Atrato was at St. Thomas, the Conway arrived from the Windward Islands ; but as she had cholera on board, and as the Atmto's passengers protested against the reception of any of them on board their ship, the surgeons decided that the passengers of the Conway should be left behind.

The Atrato brought to Southampton thirty-one emancipated slaves, men, women, and children, from Havannah on their way to Africa. Ori- ginally stolen from Africa, several had purchased their freedom. Some were very fine specimens of the African race.