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SPAIN.—The measure of constitutional reform continues to excite much indignation in Madrid, and there is some show of resentment in the country at large ; but as yet Ministers have encountered no serious opposition. Their report to the Queen constitutes the preamble of the bill; and that, with the heads of the measure, confirms the account that we gave of it last week. Hitherto, in the Senate and Chamber of Deputies, Ministers seem to have their own way ; but the project has not yet been debated.

Ministers had made one slight concession to popular opinion ; allowing a clause to be inserted in the " reformed " constitution to pre- vent the Queen from contracting a marriage with any person who is ex- cluded by the laws from the succession to the throne : the effect of this would be to destroy the hopes of the Carlists. S. Martinez de la Rosa had also declared, viva voce, that none of Don Carlos's family should ever enter the Queen's palace through intrigue. He also stated, that the Government were aware of the conspiracies formed by both the Carlist and Exalted° party both at home and abroad, and had taken every measure to prevent the intrigues of both.

The Senate has voted a favourable address in answer to the speech from the throne.

From other parts of Spain there are accounts of disorders. Mini- sterialists indeed aver, that it is the tactic of "revolutionists" to say in the provinces all is ripe for a movement in Madrid, and in Madrid that' all is ripe for a movement in the provinces. Nevertheless, the very precautions taken by Government tend to confirm the reports. One is, that correspondence seized on General Ametler at Perpignan proves an intended revolt in Catalonia to overthrow the Queen and reestablish Espartero's power ; and in Catalonia several persons of the Progresista party have been arrested ; while a military cordon has been established along the frontier, to prevent ingress of refugees from France. General Aymerich, formerly Governor of Madrid, has mysteriously departed- from Valladolid ; and Government had sent two regiments into Old Cas- tile, to repress the rising agitation. Vigo and Tuy, in Galicia, have declared against the new constitution bill ; and the Paris Constitutionnei asserts that the French Government have actually received despatches announcing alarming disturbances in Galicia, and the movement of troops in other provinces to suppress " pronunciamientos " : the Cap- tains-General of several provinces have demanded reinforcements. On the other hand, Carlist refugees are said constantly to be entering Spain;' and letters from Pampluna state that 25,000 muskets were ready to be introduced into Navarre on the first outbreak. Government is accused of having resorted to the most cruel measures against the Progresistas, having ordered them to be shot wherever they may be found. The Clamor Publico mentions that orders have been issued that Generals Zurbano and Lunery should be shot at once, and without trial, merely on their identity being proved.

A Madrid letter of the 21st, published in a Paris journal, confirms the report that conditions had been exacted by the Pope in sanctioning the marriage of Queen Christina with S. Munoz; and these are said to be

the conditions. The legislative decree of 1834 and the law by which the reversion of the Crown is closed against Don Carlos and, the Infant Don Sebastian, are to be annulled ; the property of those two Princes is to be restored ; Queen Isabella is to be married to Carlos's son, who is to take the title of Isabella Carlos : all Don Carlos's loans and other liabilities during the seven years' war are to be assumed by Spain ; all the titles and other honours that he conferred are to be acknowledged, and his troops paid, as those of the Queen were ; should he reside out of Spain he is to be guaranteed a pension of 120,000!. : the independence of the Church is to be acknowledged and its property restored.

FBANCE.—On Tuesday, the anniversary of the accession of the pre- sent French Ministry to office, all the members of the Cabinet dined with the King at St. Cloud ; the Ministry entered the fifth year of its existence. France is taking steps towards the emancipation of the Negro slaves in her colonies, however timidly and slowly. The Governor of the

island of Bourbon, in opening the session of the Colonial Council, on the 20th May last, announced the intention of making an ex- periment in the system of free-labour. It had already been reported in France that it was intended to hire labourers in China and the East Indies for the French colonies.

ALGERLA.—There has been a sanguinary engagement between the French and a tribe of Kabyles near Dellys. The tribes of that quarter had shown some hostile disposition before; and General Comman, who had been in possession of the place, traversed the country in the neigh- bourhood, "burning and ravaging every thing which he found upon his passage." Meeting with no opposition, he returned to Dellys, and was preparing to depart for Algiers, when he received intelligence that the hostile tribes were perpetually threatening and pillaging others in alliance with the French ; and he resolved to chastise them. Accord-

ingly, he set out with four battalions and two mountain-howitzers : and reached the utmost limits of his former expedition, a place called Fli- pasel ,Bour. There he encountered large bodies of Arabs ; who began firing upon his column. The sequel is briefly narrated by a corre- spondent of the Toulonnais- " Our troops arrived on the 17th at a village which we bad burnt in our first expedition ; and discovered on the adjacent heights, which had been fortified

with heaps of stones, a large number of Kabyles ready to rebut their assailants with the missiles which had been prepared. The defile was narrow and dan- gerous; but this did not for one moment daunt the courage of our brave sol- diers, who assaulted at the point of the bayonet the species of redoubt formed by the Kabyles. These latter maintained their ground well, and defended themselves bravely, allowing themselves to be killed rather than recede a foot ; firing on our soldiers with their gun-muzzles touching their breasts. We were soon, however, masters of the position.

"Nevertheless, the number of the Arabs increasing, and our ammunition beginning to fail, General Commit' found himself under the painful necessity of ordering a retreat. Then our losses began; for the Kabyles pursued our handful of men four hours in the narrow passes, not ceasing firing upon them and harassing them. On reaching the plain, however, the retreat was brought into good order ; and we were enabled to retort advantageously, and succeeded in putting to flight this horde of savages. In the evening, we were back to camp with our wounded and dead ; which latter were religiously interred. On this disastrous but glorious day of the 17th, our losses may be computed at from forty to fifty men killed, and one hundred and seventy more or less se- verely wounded, including twenty-five subalterns and seventeen officers. These losses are certainly great, but those of the enemy are far more considerable; for the number left on the field may without exaggeration be estimated at six hundred."

General Bugeaud was about to repair in person to the scene of this reverse, with a reinforcement of 5,000 men.

INDIA.—A Calcutta mail, which left that city by the steamer Hin- dostan on the 18th September, has been received. The intelligence is of minor interest, and chiefly military. In Scinde, the troops were comparatively free from sickness. Captain Mackenzie, whose irregular force lately suffered in an attack by Beloochees, had had another skirmish. The Natives attacked some outposts near Mobarickpore, and, after letting them advance well into the country, he assailed them with fifty men of the Sixth Irregulars and as many of Tait's Horse. The enemy were completely routed ; leaving 150 dead on the ground. The Court-martial on the mutineers of the Sixty-fourth Regiment had resulted in sentence of death on several prisoners and a recom- mendation of others to mercy. The Commander-in-chief left five to be executed, commuted the sentence of seven to confinement with hard labour for life, and of others to various terms of imprisonment.

Accounts from Cabul, of the 2d August, mention two engagements between Akhbar Khan and the Tartars who were in alliance with se- veral contiguous tribes against the Afghans. Previously, however, the combination had been so formidable, that Akhbar fled from his camp to Cabul, a distance of four hundred miles, in two days and a night, and persuaded his father to buy over some of the hostile tribes with courtesies and concessions.

The commercial intelligence is satisfactory. The indigo-crop ex- ceeded the early estimates, and there was a fair demand for British piece-goods.

CHINA.—The news from China comes down to the 29th July. Trade was dull, and the relations of the foreigners with the natives were pa- cific; a mob-riot at Canton being the only stirring incident. The Eng- lish last year repaired the walls of the Company's garden, which had been broken down at the fire in 1842. They put up a gate, and were in the habit of walking, playing at quoits, and otherwise amusing them- selves. On the 15th July, the Chinese endeavoured to force themselves into the garden, but were opposed. Upon this they threw brick-bats, broke down the gate, and compelled the Englishmen to take refuge in a boat; in which they made their escape to the Consulate. On the next evening, a 'party of Chinese went armed with brick-bats, and at- tempted to take possession of the other gardens. Resistance being offered, they commenced an indiscriminate attack upon all the foreigners 'who came within their reach. Several American gentlemen imme- diately armed themselves, and drove them from the front of the facto- ries. Still continuing to throw brick-bats, they were fired upon ; one man was killed, and another wounded in the arm ; which ended the affair for the day. The English and American Consuls applied to the Chinese authorities for a sufficient force to protect the factories ; and a message was sent to the American man-of-war at the Bogue to request assistance. No further disturbance had taken place.

UNITED STATES.—The mail-steamer Caledonia, which left Boston on the 16th October and Halifax on the 18th, arrived at Liverpool on Wednesday morning. Public attention was mostly occupied with the Presidential election. In the State elections both the opposite parties boasted some gains, and their hopes rose proportionately ; each at present seeming to feel more confident of success.

Mr. Robert Tyler has issued another paper in favour of Irish Repeal, in which he draws a parallel between the opposition to that movement and the opposition to the Founder of Christianity 1 The Federal Government had instituted an inquiry into the sale of 1,000 tents, which were said to have been purchased at New York, by Mexico, through "British agency," for use in the war against Texas. Some of the journalists make a serious matter of this "British agency "; but it does not appear that any other than some trading agency is meant. The New York Herald mentions an important decision which has re- cently been given in Boston, that a slave can only serve on board an United States national vessel while that vessel is within the slave-limits of that country, and that the moment the vessel passes without those limits he can claim his discharge.

A true bill had been found in Baltimore against the Reverend C. T. Torrey, charged with enticing away slaves.

The New York papers copy a statement which appeared in the for- ruzl do Comercio of Rio de Janeiro on the 1st August, complainina. of "an outrage on the American flag." This statement is written by 'Mr. P. C. Dumas, master of the New Orleans brig Cyrus ; who represents that, while off Cabinda, he was boarded by the commander of the Alert, a British war-brig, whom he calls "the Captain of the Alert, Mr. Bosanquet." The suspicion obviously was, though Mr. Dumas does not say so, that his vessel was a slaver : he says that it had nothing but water-ballast. The letter is written with a view to eirrct in the United States. The writer says that he was boarded by the British. officer, who was not in uniform, and was accompanied by two officers, a boy, and " four Negro sailors, called Kroornen. ' The British com- mander refused to send for his papers, or to produce any other warrant for searching the brig, except a flag to which he pointed, and which might have been produced by any pirate. Under those circumstances, Mr. Dumas passively resisted the search: he had the American flag held by four sailors over the cabin-door ; and thus it was" trampled under foot" when Mr. Bosanquet rushed into the cabin, "accompanied by his officer and a Negro." Mr. Dumas threatened that this would "cost dear to the English nation." A trunk was broken open, and the papers were taken from it. Mr. Dumas had the log-book in his own hand ; and that he made a struggle for— "They all came on deck, and the captain told me to let him have my lop book. My answer was, Never! and as long as I had a drop of blood in my veins no British subject shAild take it away from me.' Then he observed that he had 'the power to obtain it by force ' : at the same time, lie ordered one of his Negroes to take the book from me ; who obeyed the order given to him. I stepped back, pushing the Negro, and called on my mate and crew to assist me, and to arm themselves with handspikes and knives, and be ready to strike in MC the British officer gave a new order. At this the British Captain turned pale, and with the voice of a coward said to me, 'Captain, stop your men; I don't wish to see any bloodshed or butchery.' Then nothing took place." Mr. Bosanquet refusing to return the papers, Mr. Dumas said, "Ac long as my papers are taken from me, I shall have to leave my vessel " ; and accordingly, he and his crew abandoned it, leaving everything on board. To this statement he made oath before the Consul for the United States.

Governor Ford, of Illinois, has called out the militia, for the purpose of preventing (so the papers say) an attack on the Mormons, at Nauvoo, under the name of a " wolf-hunt " ; also to apprehend the murderers of Joe Smith and his brother. The troops, however, had been disbanded again, without either disturbance or capture.

The tenants of a county in the state of New York refuse to pay their rents to the owner of the lands they occupy, Mr. Van Rennsellaer. The Philadelphia Chronicle says—" The anti-renters urge it as a reason for their turn-out, that Van Rennsellaer owns too much land ; that his in- come is entirely too great ; and that he is able, from his rents, to live in princely style.' It is added, that the authorities of that part of New York are resolved to enforce the laws against these refractory tenants.

CANADA, whence we have papers to the 11th October, was in the flurry of preparations for the general election, to commence shoat the middle of that month. The Quebec Gazette says- " There is much activity in both sections of the Province, particularly on the part of the pretended Reformers. Reform Associations have been or- ganized very generally, all acting under the Toronto Association. In Lower Canada, emissaries connected with the Ex-Ministers are sent into different counties, who have introduced at the church-doors what the Americans call stumping'; addressing the electors on all such topics as it is thought will be most likely to influence them, and without any very scrupulous regard to truth or decency of language."

These advices announce the appointment of Mr. Vigor to be Presi- dent of the Council, and of Mr. Sherwood to be Solicitor-General for Canada West.

The Toronto Reform Association had given a dinner to Mr. William Young, Speaker of the Nova Scotian House of Assembly. The Mon- treal Transcript describes this as an attempt to establish a compact alliance between the Opposition parties of Canada and Nova Scotia; and remarks that the sentiments of Mr. Young did not very closely ac- cord with the overstrained opinions of Mr. Baldwin and other Ex- Ministerial speakers.

There had been an O'Connellite riot in Quebec. A mob of 600 per- sons assembled on the 9th, (when the news of O'Connell's release ar- rived,) paraded the streets with two blazing tar-barrels, and broke the windows of all who did not illuminate. They were quelled with diffi- culty; and two ringleaders were arrested. The local Repeal Associa- tion eagerly disclaimed this riot, and pledged themselves to strike any proved offender off their rolls.