22 JULY 1978, Page 10

Crisis for the West

Christopher Booker

Up to this point, it is clear that Alexander Solzhenitsyn has laid claim on the attention of mankind primarily as a critic of the Soviet system of government in his own country, and of the various forms of Communism which in the past sixty years have imprisoned a third of the peoples of the earth under a new and unique degree of totalitarianism. Although he has done this by means of innumerable novels, speeches, articles and interviews, no one who has read the now completed Gulag Archipelago can doubt that this majestic and sombre book is the crown of his literary work — with its shattering portrait of a whole society transformed into a Kafka nightmare: a world where, in the name of the People, the people have been enslaved; where, in the name of Man, untold millions of men have been cruelly murdered; and where all the highest human values, truth, love, a sense of the fundamental meaning of existence, have been stood on their heads and turned into their grotesque opposites.

But now, during four years of enforced

A hundred years ago