• fortign out er f raurr.—The Iffoniteur continues to record

the progress of the Em- peror and Empress in the most glowing terms. They have visited Lyons,

Chambery, and Annecy, halting at the latter place until today. Dra- matic incidents, as usual, have not been wanting. The Emperor never makes a progress but he does something to make it memorable. At Lyons, he made a " pilgrimage " to Notre Dame de Fourvieres, and with the Empress attended morning service. This church is held in high veneration. Cardinal de Bonald improved the occasion. Then the Em-

peror drove in a carriage without guards, through the fashionable places ; and above all he abolished the tolls on the bridges over the Rhone with a stroke of his pen, and imposed the burden on the State, wishing that his passage through Lyons should be marked by the remembrance of a fresh benefit conferred on the people of that city. Then he was present at the inauguration of a new Pelvis du Commerce, and the President. c‘' the Chamber of Commerce delivered an address specially devoteis I am ,>glorification of the Emperor and free trade.

The Melee arope to sm.

"I thaeund independhnner in which you appreciate my efforts to in- crease on the throne. of France. Solely preoccupied with the general interessan revolutioeary, I disdain all that can oppose their development. For tt; is able to;als insensible to all the unjust mistrust excited abroad, as iv& that an exaggerated alarm of selfish interests at home. Nothing sle-An the prep deviate from the loath of moderation and of justice which I

hentienal An followed, and which maintains France in the degree of gran- &le, in prosperity hich Providence has assigned to her in the world. O inve.mrselves up,. therefore, with confidence to the interests of peace ; could..-Etinies arc in our own hands. France gives the impulse to all great 4enerous ideas in Europe ; she will never submit to the influence of falae inspirations except when she degenerates ; and be assured that, with God's assistance, she will never do so under my dynasty." • At the towns in the department of the Aix through which the Em- yews passed, the people showed their pleasure. At Chambery there

were grand doings—dinners, illuminations, addresses, a ball. The amperor, of eoume, went to church. He also gave audience to M. farini, Minister of the Interior of Piedmont, and to General Cialdini, of the Piedmontese army, who had arrived from Turin to compliment their Majesties in the name of King Victor Emmanuel.

Some amusing stories are told by the journals.

At Dijon.—" When the Emperor received the Mayors of the several com- munes at the Prefecture of Dijon, his Majesty entered into conversation

with them, and inquired into the state of the crops. ' Ah ! Sire," replied one of them, pointing to the then clear sky, you should have come a fort- night sooner. Since the 23d, in fact, notwithstanding the continuance of the Westerly wind, the weather has remained perfectlffine. "When the Emperor was passing, on the day of the grand reception at the Prefecture, before the Mayors of the rural communes, one of them cried, Sire, why did you not bring your little boy ? ' His Majesty, with a smile, promised that the Prince should accompany him on his next visit."

At Lyons.—" After the departure of their Majesties from the loom in which the Empress had made two or three passes of the silk at one of the looms, the youne' workwoman who showed her Majesty what to do, being afterwards asked whether she had not been intimidated by the Imperial presence, naively replied, Oh, no ! not much; the Empress is so affable, and then she threw the shuttle so well ! It is a pity she is Empress ; she would make a first-rate silk weaver."

Count de Persigny, as President of the Council-General of the Depart- ment of the Loire, has delivered a remarkable speech at the opening of the sittings of that body in St. Etienne: After stating that it would be more interesting to examine the chances of peace than to speak of the Commercial Treaty, he entered at once on his subject. Although two wars have afflicted Europe since the Emperor said at Bordeaux—" the Empire is peace "—yet the Empire did not cause them. The Emperor could not pretend to suppress all wars, but to re-

nounce the heritage of wars for vengeance. K. de Persigny explained and justified the war in the East and the war in Italy. As to Italy, he said-

" The chief question was not that Austria should be more or less despoiled of her hereditary possessions in the Peninsula, but that the other Italian States should be freed from her domination ; and this result has been com- pletely attained. Whether Italy now form a confederation of States or one kingdom, whether the Italians imperil by their own fault the independence which we gave them by themselves violating the principle of non-Interven- tion, which is the guarantee of their independence and their liberty, the accomplished fact towers above secondary questions, and deprive ulterior events of their natural gravity." Then he continued- " Now, once these two great questions terminated; or at least settled in their essential points, there are no others in Europe in our day. Restless or prejudiced minds may evoke phantoms; they may say in Germany that we aspire to the frontier of the Rhine ; in England that we dream of a descent on her coasts ; but these follies do not deserve to be seriously dis- cussed.

"In the first place, in the actual state of military science, a river like the Rhine is not a strategical frontier. Franco would never expose herself for an illusory advantage to a new European war. And as to the idea of en- couraging the Germans to unity, in order to give us a right, justified by the balance of power to claim the province of the Rhine, this is, allow me to say it, a political self-contradiction—France, as a military power, being twice as strong without the Rhine, and with Germany divided, as she would be, in

face of Germanic unity, if she had the insignificant compensation of the Rhine. The German mind is, besides, naturally contrary to unity ; and this is a great security for the world, of which this divided power is in some sort the moderating force.

" As to England, I have always been astonished that men of authority in that country can have appeared to have given credit to the possibility of an attack on our part. I could understand that fear in certain minds of a con- course of extraordinary circumstances which might bring about some serious misunderstanding between the two countries; and that, looking to this, it might be deemed useful on both sides to place the military defences on a level with the progressof science ; but to believe seriously that either of the two Governments could be disposed voluntarily to bring about between the two greatest nations of the world that terrible and frightful struggle, where we both should have everything to lose and so little to gain, would be the height of madness. Assuredly, no one in France would for one instant ad. mit the existence of such a disposition in the mind of the Emperor or of his Government. Well, it is the same thing in England. There gentlemen, apart from certain fractions of parties whose attitude tends, from different causes, to envenom our relations, but who only derive an accidental im- portance from the present equality between the forces of the two principal parties—the eminent men of all opinions, like the august and virtuous princess who does honour to the throne of Great Britain—only wish for peace and good harmony between the tivo countries. The whole English people, notwithstanding so many contrary excitations, desire nothing else. Deceived, or deceiving itself, as to our intentions—persuading itself, on the faith of false information, that we have been wanting in loyalty—a portion of the English public bestirred itself and thought itself justified in taking precautions against us. But the calm and worthy attitude of that host of young volunteers who came forward so generously to offer their services to the country, their noble motto, 'Defence not Defiance ; ' lastly, the manner in which the Treaty of Commerce was received, all prove that no hostile passion agitates the nation against us ; that, far from that, it only desires to be enlightened as to our sentiments ; and that thus, when the truth shall have shone forth, the two peoples will only to have to engage exclusively in the struggle of emulation to which the Treaty of Commerce invites them. I now arrive, gentlemen, at a delicate point. After having solved the two great vestions which troubled the peace of the world,—after having taken so glorious a part in the affairs of our time, and haying seen our country occupy so high a place in the councils of Europe,—we can hardly be asto- nished if such great things have not been accomplished without creating in Europe anxieties and mistrusts. It is one of the misfortunes of war that it produces a disturbance of men's minds which survives the conflict itself. But, as for me, gentlemen, profoundly convinced that the mission of the new empire is to reconcile the ancient revolutionary or conquering France with all the Powers, if we had done anything which deservedto lose us the confidence of Europe, I should consider the glory of these last years as dearly bought. For a moment I avow it, and some time before the war of Italy appearances seemed to be so strong against us, that I, at first, like St. Peter denying his Master, believed that my Government, in the intoxica- tion of success, had forgotten the programme of Bordeaux, and I was pro- foundly grieved. Soon, however, enlightened as to the state of affairs, I blushed to have doubted the wisdom of the Emperor, but I was not the less affected by a situation which gave us the appearance of aggression.

" Why ' said I, in so just a cause, and when we are inxcality defenders of the right, do we appear in the eyes of the world charged with the respon- sibility of events of which we are not the cause ? Is it we who have created in Italy that struggle of nationality which for forty years has been pursued with so much fierceness on either aide ? Have we advised Austria to that fatal policy which, invoking no other principle of Government than brute force, has raised all the Italians against thent ? In theplace of the national Government which the First Napoleon had organized in the Lom- bardo-Venetian kingdom, where everything was in the hands of Italians— Government administration, magistracy, army—where the only Frenchman was Viceroy, the Prince Eugene, was it we who consulted Austria to replace Italians everywhere by foreigners, and thus mortally insult a people for- merly so illustrious in history.? Were we also responsible for the evil pro- duced by the treaties of Austria with the Italian princes—treaties which, in assurine' to those princes the security and impunity of their Governments, gave at the same time to Austria, contrary to European law, a domination over nearly all Italy ? On the other hand, was it we who established in Piedmont a Parliamentary Government, freedom of speech, a free press,, and all those means of keeping up agitation in Italy, of exciting passions, of or- ganizing resistance, and of impelling Austria to violence ? We did all to prevent the struggle in Italy; for not only did we lavish advice on Austria and Sardinia, but we conjured Europe to deal with the situation. If the struggle becomes inevitable, Ave must not be made responsible for it, but rather Europe itself, which, in refusing at the Congress of Paris the propo- sition made by France and England to settle the affairs of Italy, missed the opportunity of preventing the present war. Why, said I to my Government, when we are in no way the cause, are we held responsible for everything? Why, in this century of public opinion, where right has every advantage in facing the daylight, do we remain in the traditions of that old diplomacy whose cunning is only fit to disghise a bad cause or to spoil a good one? When M. de Cavour came to say that he could no longer control she move- ment which he himself had urged, that Italy was on fire' and that revolu- tion was about to break forth in the Duchies, why was this situation not made known to the whole world ? Certainly, you did well to take the part of menaced Italy. You could not remain indifferent to that struggle, what- ever were the reciprocal wrongs. You could neither allow Piedmont to be crushed, nor allow Austria to become as in 1815, the absolute mistress of Italy. But why did you not make known your resolution to the whole world ? In 1854, at the commencement of the Crimean war, it was not to Lord Aberdeen alone—who would have replied "No" to you—thatyou pro- posed the English alliance, it was publicly to the English people, by send- ing your fleet to the East. Why have we not done the same m the Italian question on the ground of right, of justice of protection to the weak ? In- stead of 'the present mistrust, you would have won the sympathy of the whole of Liberal Europe, and certainly of all England.'

"It was thus that I reproached my Government for a diplomatic attitude which had given to it the appearance of wrong, when it had in reality the merit of a grand and noble policy.

"Gentlemen, allow MC to say here, the Emperor did not disdain to reply to these observations of a faithful subject ; and I hasten to avow it ; his ele- vated wisdom prevailed over the counsels of his servant. "In fact, I have since fully recognized that to have made publicly known the obligation which we had undertaken, instead of confining ourselves to calling, unhappily in vain, the attention of the Cabinets to the situation of Italy, which, besides, was as well known to them as to ourselves, would have been to give us no longer the appearance, but the reality, of aggression against Austria; for, from the moment that Italy should know upon what powerful aid she might count, there would no longer have been any means of restraining her, and that which we still hoped, that which England to the last moment hoped for' from the good sense of Austria, it was impossible to expect from a people furious with hate and with vengeance. Thus, gentlemen, the silence with which the Emperor was reproached was tua-

favourable to himself alone, and his good faith shone forth all the more that it was unjustly and cruelly impugned.

"Well, gentlemen, it was the same with the affair of Savoy. After haying made a treaty which restored Italy to itself, with the exception of Venetia alone, which gave Lombardy and Sardinia without keeping or demanding anything for France—above all, after having proclaimed the principle of non-intervention, which was the most complete guarantee for the independence of Italy—lastly, having rendered to that country a service perhaps unexampled in the history of nations, the victor of Solfenno might well hope that the result of so many sacrifices would be respected by the Italians. But if, however, the first use that Italy was about to make of her new independence was to tear up the treaty of Villafmnca—that is to say, to revive the whole question and expose us to a new war—France, after having voluntarily borne the expense of the independence of Italy, could not permit the straining of her generosity in order to impose on her, as well, the cost of a great Italian kingdom. She had, therefore, the ineontestible right to say to Piedmont, that if treaties were violated beyond the Alps, she would demand their modification on this side of them.

"Now, in this affair of Savoy, as in the Italian question itself, our interest would have induced us to state our conditions openly. The publicity, which we are reproached with not having adopted, would have been all to our advantage. From one end of Italy to the other there would have been one cry, calling upon the King of Sardinia in exchange for the Duchies to cede Savoy to France; and as England, like Europe, would have had no right to complain of our condition, she might have discussed at ease in her Parlia- ment which of the two courses she should advise Italy to pursue. "Unhappily again, we could not hold this language publicly, for it would have been to make a sort of bargain at the expense of Austria, and consequently to be wanting in the good faith of our engagements at Villa- franca.

"But, gentlemen, if the Government of the Emperor was not able to speak out, it did not hide its intention from the Sardinian nor from the English Government. Even before the war we had warned Sardinia that if events should bring about a great kingdom in Italy, we should demand that the slopes of the Alps should not remanr in its hand& The Government of the Emperor renewed its intimations as soon as the treaty of Villafranca was agreed to be brought into consideration ; and, above all, it hid nothing from the English Government. It was, therefore, contrary to so many as- sertions, with a full knowledge of the facts on both sides, that the matter was brought about. Perhaps it may have been thought possible to induce us to renounce Savoy, notwithstanding the violation of the treaty of Villa- franca ; in this ease others deceived themselves, but we deceived nobody. "Thus gentlemen, in this series of events, so happily terminated, in which, while cuttinv the Gordian knot of the only two questions which seriously menaced Europe, the Emperor succeeded in replacing France in the high position which was due to her, he has done nothing which could lose him the confidence of Europe, and the assertions to the contrary are des- titute of foundation. Assuredly it is possible for the prejudiced or the dis- contented to find subjects for criticism in this great number of facts, deeds, words, and writings, which constitute the physiognomy of events, and in which the unforeseen so often confounds human wisdom ; but in the en- semble of the policy of France the great prominent features are simple, pure, and honest. It is clear—it is now evident—that if the Emperor made the war in Italy, whether from indifference, whether from fear of responsi- bility, or any other cause, the greater part of the European Powers would not interfere in any way to settle the affairs of the Peninsula ; but as soon as the victor of Solferino saw the possibility of attaining a satisfactory so- lution, he hastened to satisfy the wishes of the world by making peace with Austria. Now, there is, in two words, the truth of the whole Italian affair.

"And now, gentlemen, as to that political school which, accustomed, since 1815, to the passive part to which France had been long forced to sub- mit in presence of Europe organized against her, and not able to reconcile itself to the idea of a France independent and free from all external pres- sure, agitates itself and propagates alarm—really this is absurd. The good sense of the nations protests against this spirit of another age. If the system of 1816 is overthrown, it is by Europe itself, and with the consent of all the Powers, for whom this system could not be reasonably other than a work of transition. Was it in effect a normal situation that a great country should be placed under the ban of the nations ? Could Europe applaud a state of things which, producing in France two great convulsions, had shaken itself to its very foundation ? "No, gentlemen ; the interest of Europe, like that of France, required reconciliation on all sides—that France should resume the high position which belongs to her in the councils of Powers, in a free and independent manner, but with the consent of all, and without violence to any—that France should no longer menace, because she is no longer menaced ; and that, lastly, satisfied with her high mission in the world, at peace and in friendly relations with all Europe, she may devote herself, insecurity, to the development of her internal prosperity. (Applause.) "Gentlemen, this groat work is now accomplished. To the glory of the Emperor, to the inappreciable advantage of France, and also, it must be sail, to the honour of Europe, which has loyally sanctioned by its attitude the grand and new situation of our country, the external settlement, which the new empire had the mission to bring about, is completed ; and the mili- tant rale of France in Europe is terminated. (Loud..applause.) This, gentlemen, is what I was anxious to say to you; this is what I tell you from the depth of my conscience, and with the most thorough conviction ; happy that I see opening an era of peace and prosperity for Europe, for France, and also, let me add, for the beautiful and beloved province which we here represent." (Loud and prolonged cheering.) Dr. Veron has summed up in the Moniteur the vast improvements made in Paris by the Emperor. The Louvre has been finished. This is on the crown of a whole work of restoration, which has made Paris a new city. The Palais de Justice, the Church of St. Clotilde, the Cen- tral Market, and the Bank Barracks, stand first on the list. Then we have eleven restored churches or ecclesiastical edifices ; we have six schools, six barracks, three asylums, five hospitals, nine maisons de se- cones, the Hotel de Ville, and the Maine du Louvre, while various

theatres, various public buildings connected with the police or trade, are either in course of construction or are receiving important additions and

repairs. We have also an enormous addition to the water-works o Paris, and the number of fountains and bouches sous trottoirs in con- nexion with them. But, besides public edifices, we have a -vast new growth of street architecture : 4349 houses have been demolished, and

9617 have been built in eight years, and six new squares, besides the grand continuation of the Rue de Rivoli and the whole new street plan in that quarter, now adorn Paris. The new squares are planted. Nor does the work of improvement and renovation confine itself to Paris ; the places in the environs, by a new plan, are to be architecturally in- corporated in flie capital itself, and the whole is to form one grand de- sign of a capital such as the world has never yet seen. The great num- ber of "new views" which have recently been opened in Paris by the Emperor's plans have already, indeed, changed the look of the city; many quarters of Paris do not know themselves again ; the close suit - eating alleys and labyrinthal collections of pestilential holes and corners are no more ; paved and macadamized roads occupy their place, 400 kilometres of pavement and 100 of macadamization, 390 of asphalt, and 360 of planted road, having been added to the street cleanliness and con- venience of Paris by the present Emperor.

4.—Garibaldi has made great progress in Calabria, but we are

still without any clear narrative of his proceedings. It is known that early in the morning of the 19th, before daybreak, he steamed out from the Faro and successfully landed at Melito. Unfortunately, one of his troop-ships, the; Torino, took the ground and could not be got off. It is believed the Neapolitans have burned her. The force with which he disembarked was joined by Ctdabrian insurgents. Garibaldi was in

communication - National Guard of Reggio, and they were ready to assist him. Genet,- Salazar, who commanded there, was soon in despair, and retired into the fort. Writing frem Messina on the 21st, the Times correspondent says-

" This morning, at daybreak, there was a heavy fire of musketry, first in the vicinity and then in Reggio itself. Two Neapolitan steamers and five gunboats soon opened fire likewise. This firing lasted for several hours ; after some time the fort of Reggio joined also. About eight a. m. the mus- ketry fire ceased, but the ships continued to fire on the town. About nine a. m. the fort, which had ceased firing for some time, commenced again, but no answer was returned from the shipping. It is past noon, and the firing has ceased on that side, but no notice has as yet reached us of the success or failure of the attack on Reggio. The firing of the Neapolitan ships on the town would make one suppose that the forces under Garibaldi had entered the town, while the beginning of the cannonade from the fort seems to in- dicate that the Neapolitans had withdrawn to the fort.

"While this was passing towards Reggio, a part of Cosenz's division em- barked in boats at the Faro. It was broad daylight when the expedition started, in spite of four Neapolitan steamers which were cruising in the neighbourhood. Two others, which were on their way to Reggio, turned likewise as soon as they saw the movement from the Faro. All these

steamers approached the fort of the Fiumara, towards which the expedition

had started, and opened fire, as well as the three ford Scylla, Fiumara, and Punta di Pozzo. The batteries on the Faro r•eve "":oeo for the first time. A well-sustained fire was kept up on botlim" theirr a.m., but as with Reggio, we are still in the dark as to how iln" . the . -kaiion has

been successful." -0 be auy sue

iere f. Throughout the day, the people at Messina watchiti?.'-i t nterfmulish " Tr. spite of the war-steamers, Cosenz got safe to land. Tn.. °,}i0 has Athese telegrams— in their b "Palermo, August 23 (via. Genoa).—The fort of Reggio k. that beh the 21st. The Neapolitan garrison is allowed to leave with an f a pc, personal baggage only. "After a short fight, the Garibaldians have occupied the Villa Sakam venni.

"Two Neapolitan brigades, Melandez and Briganti, have surrendered tk. discretion to General Cosenz.

"The Garibaldians are masters of their artillery, arms, dm., and of Fort del Pezzo."

(Official.)

" icaples' August 28.—The Neapolitan troops were attacked by the Gad.=

baldians at Piale (the telegram says au Piale), by whom they were sur- rounded and defeated. An armistice was then proposed. The commanding officer referred this proposition to the General-in-chief, in order to obtain. his decision. In the meantime, the enthusiasm of the Neapolitan troops abated ; they became disorganized and dispersed, leaving the batteries with- out any defenders." Some further details in explanation of the telegrams have been pub- lished.

"The garrison of the citadel of Reggio were permitted to come out with

their muskets only, and the personal baggage of the soldiers. Eight field pieces and Puixhan guns, besides six of a smaller size, and sixteen or eighteen battery guns, two bronze mortars 500 muskets, and a great quantity of pro- visions and coal, with a number oimules, remained in the hands of the victors. It appears from the official bulletins that the royal troops near Reggio were reinforced by Generals Viale and Ghio, and by Colonel Ruiz ; the strong position of the Piale, which dominate the southern extremity of the Penin- sula, were occupied by the Melendez brigades of the King's army. It was on the 22d August, at half-past four in the morning, that the conflict began, I and the Bourbon troops were very soon compelled to take refuge in the cita- del of Reggio, their outposts having been forced by the assault of Garibal- dians, so that the whole division proved unable to withstand this attack." Another enemy, as dangerous to the King as Garibaldi—his disaffected people—has appeared on the scene. At the beginning of the week there were three distinct centres of armed revolutionary action totally inde- pendent of Garibaldi's operations—Foggia, on the other side of the Apennines, Potenza, and Cosenza. General Floraz, who commanded in Apulia, had sent on the 19th two regiments of dragoons to disperse the " rebels " known as occupying Foggia, but the royal cavalry joined the insurgents, and their example was followed by the 13th Infantry of the Line, sent on the same errand. This town is the largest in the province, and lies on the high road between the habour of Julia Nova, on the Adriatic, and Naples. General Floraz informs Government that he is left alone with his staff, that at Corloto the Cross of Savoy has been raised, and the Basilioata in open revolt. Avellino, which had lately suffered from the Bavarians quartered there, is now in the hands of the National Guard, and disavows the King's authority. This brings rebel- lion very close to the metropolis. Benevento, which is a patch of Roman territy embedded in Neapolitan dominions, has pronounced for Victor Emmanuel. A Provisional Government was in activity at Potenza, the intendant of the province of Mignona being at its head. Six regiments, horse and foot, which had proceeded as far as Eboli, had halted there and set up the cry of "Viva Garibaldi!" refusing to march against the Junta at Potenza. The important archiepiscopal town of Ban had declared for the national cause, and the two provinces of Basilicata and and Capitanata were full of detached bands raising the country.

Under these circumstances, we can only look for disastrous news from Naples. Baron Brenier has demanded of the Neapolitan Government the satisfaction due to him on account of the assault committed on his person. Baron Brenier pointed out that the best means of doing an act of justice and of showing him courtesy would be to proceed immediately to the

liquidation of the indemnity due to the French subjects who had suffered point a special ambassador to Paris with the mission of making fitting the /Neapolitans, and to ap. through the bombardment of Palermo by apologies for the affront offered to France in his person. Baron Bremer has obtained satisfaction.

Some besaglieri, without arms, landed at Naples. While they were walking towards the house of their Minister, they were attacked and severely handled by some of the Royal Guard.. The people came to their rescue. The Marquis Villamarina has demanded and, it is repealed, ob- tained satisfaction. With insurgents on the flanks and Garibaldi in front of his army, defection in his capital and fleet, it may be that :the King has fled. Thelollowing telegrams, however, remain unconfirmed— ,

" Genoa, August 29 (Evening).—The Genoese journals of today pub- lish the following= The Anthion, which left Naples yesterday morning, brings the news that on Monday last the Neapolitan generals, assembled in council, had, with the exception only of General Bosco, unanimously resolved to advise the King to take his departure from the.city. At the Moment of the departure of the Anthion a rumour was current in Na- ples that the officers of the army and navy had tendered their resignation en masse to the King." " Paris August 29.—A rumour is current on the Bourse that the King of Naples left Naples yesterday at five p. m. on board the Stromboli, and that the Piedmontese had occupied the forts." • "Paris, August 29.—The Neapolitan Government has proposed to M. de Villamarina to offer to Garibaldi as neutral the territory of Naples, to pre- vent the effusion of blood in the capital."

We hear that moderate candidates, opposed to annexation to Piedmont, have presented themselves for election to Parliament. Generals 1J1loa and Pianelli are at their head. In connexion with this sentence, we may read the following extraordinary letter from Prince Lucien Murat, and with it may couple a report that the Pope and the Duke de Gram- mont have again been talking about a confederation- " Desirous of not compromising any of my adherents who have written to • me, I answer their letters through the press. "Gentlemen—I have received your letter, and answer without delay. The only positions acceptable to me are such as are unambiguous and open. I will never make myself an obstacle to the public wish, however erroneous it may appear to me to be.

"I am a relation of the Emperor, and therefore not altogether free ; any act of mine would pledge French policy more or less; and in the present state of unjust distee4 now being excited by hostile parties against the Emperor, to whota am ulatirely devoted, nothing could be more pernicious than to lead Europe to suppose that Napoleon III., who is solely intent on the welfare AM independgice of nations, is merely thinking of replacing his relatives oa the throne., /

"When revolution... agitates a people the popular will alone, freely ex- pressed. is able toAput an end to discord and uncertainty, because it forms for itstlf that suetreme law to which every good Italian ought to submit. "in the prepint state of things it will be profitable for Italy that a con- stitutional .&overnment should be established in Naples as speedily as pos- sible, in eaaler that liberty may be secured, and that the danger of anarchy or invaaiion may be averted. It is proper, then, for you to know that I aiouldfiot take part in the movements of your kingdom unless the people, relja'aited from all external influence whatsoever, should have legally and solemnly manifested the desire of having in me a pledge of independence and prosperity. ' "I should then be strong in the assent of my cousin ; I should then bring -Itith me the French alliance, the sole and sure guarantee to this nation of ting independence. I sacrifice, therefore, all private interest of ray own, and, caring solely the public interest, I conclude by repeating what I have already said where, which is that Italy, in my opinion, will find again in a confedera- n her ancient power and former splendour. Receive, gentlemen the expression of my particular esteem.

4' Castle of Buzenval,'

August 19, 1860. L. MURAT."

The Times correspondent, who is on such intimate terms with Gari- baldi, has given a most interesting sketch of him as he appeared during a voyage from Palermo to Messina, on the eve of his invasion of Cala- bria. Here is the hero described- " The prodigious breadth of the General's shoulders, his colossal chest, and the natural dignity and lion-like majesty of his countenance, again and again incline a beholder to overrate his real stature, which is certainly not above the middle size. You must go near him, and measure him by the standard of common men, before you recover from the error into which, awe for that commanding figure leads you. The hair, on a nearer inspection, is dark hazel, almost black, darker by far than the beard, which is tawny or reddish. He wears the hair rather long. The beard is full, and relieves the length of the oval face, which might otherwise be thought excessive. The temples are somewhat compressed about the region of the eyes, and a very strong oblique depression is observable about the eyebrows. The cheek bones are high, and the nose comes down between them in a perfectly straight long line, even with the slightly slanting forehead. The com- plexion of that small part of the face which is not hidden by the beard is not merely bronzed or sunburnt,—it has a peculiar sanguine hue thickly studded with endless freckles. This remarkable tint, the features, the colour of the beard, joined to the calm but deep expression of the dark eye, all contribute to give his countenance that unmatched character which won for Garibaldi the appellation of the Lionface.' "

Here he is in a familiar social aspect, laughing and singing like the rest of men- " Towards noon the General had been engaged in a long conversatioe with Tiirr, when his attention was attracted by the sound of merry voices in the fore part of the steamer. He walked up to his companions, who had got up a kind of volunteer concert ; walked nearer and nearer, till he first stood, then sat, in the midst of the delighted group. All the unsuccessful attempts at national songs, hymns, or melodies which rose into ephemeral existence during the successive political commotions of 1831, 1843, and 1849 were tried with indifferent success. Garibaldi lamented that Italy alone, of all countries under the sun—Italy, which was great in nothing if not in music —had nothing like a national air or anthem to boast of. I could,' he said, with a slight touch of bitterness which has been felt by many an Italian patriot, 'sing you the warsongs of ten barbaric and even savage nations, laut I could not quote three notes to thrill the heart of an Italian as those of the Marseillaise' strike to the soul of every Frenchman, or those of God Save the Queen sink home to the heart of an Englishman.' He made the trial of one of the many Italian failures, nevertheless, and his deep-toned, mellow voice, mellow in singing, as it is rather sharp .ringing in conversa- tion when raised above the ordinary pitch,—his voice rose above the chorus of his old comrades, as they sang the ditty which seemed among the many to have most taken the hero's fancy

" Many other songs more or less of a warlike or patriotic character were tried, mostly with indifferent success. We had three ladies on board, who had all joined the group, and to whom Garibaldi paid easy, affable at- tentions. There is no gall in the milk of this man's composition, or one would wonder how, after Como; he can bear to look a woman in the face. Two of these female passengets belonged to a professional singer from Mes- sina, and the latter was, after a little pressing, induced to favour the corn- party with some more cultivated strains. Garibaldi had sat down on a water- butt, resting his feet on the chain-cable, with his elbows on his knees, find his chin on both his hands, • with an upturned face,' listening to civilized music with the attention of a man fitted by nature to appreciate the beautiful whenever it falls in his way. One of his'companions, a draughtsman, was ready with paper and pencil to catch the attitude and the group. The mo- ment was sublime, for the unconscious General had put on an ineffably calm and delighted expression. Presently the roughs again took up the strain, and the concert assumed that wild and desultory character which belongs to. such extempore performances. There arose loud peals of laughter, in which it did a man's heart good to see Garibaldi take a hearty share—Garibaldi, the man on whose shoulders weigh at this moment the destinies of Italy. Ac- customed as they must be to the exhibition of such unaffected cordiality, Garibaldi's companions were as fully charmed to see their chieftain in such high good humour as a comparative stranger might be. The love and de- votion of all men who ever draw near Garibaldi are somethine that passes all understanding. He loves all, and is loved by all ; yet there is none with whom his supreme authority. is ever shared, none who is ever intimately taken into his councils. It is only his heart that is open to all. His mind is exclusively his own, and his will admits no doubt or dispute."

Perhaps the most charming glimpse of the hero is contained in the following passage-

" I had a long conversation with Vecchi, who is one of his nearest and dearest friends. They had just been out for six or seven days ; they had visited the Volunteers encamped at the Golfo degli Arend, on the laorth- east coast of the island of Sardinia, when Garibaldi took a fancy to let a few of his most intimate companions into the privacy of his delightful 'at home' in the islet of Caprera, near the Madalena, and at the opening of the Straits. of Bonifaeio, between Sardinia and Corsica. As they drew near the little- rock that bears the name of Caprera, some of his companions observed -to Garibaldi that it was a very small isle ; ' 'whereupon the owner of the happy spot bridled up and answered, Caprera is not small,- wait till ye come nearer to it, and you will see it is anything but a small island.' They came to port ; they landed ; they climbed up the rocky steep. Garibaldi was in a perfect eestacy with the spot, the air, the look of the growing crops. Did you ever see such capital artichokes and such turnips? Everything grows here in perfection ; and then you must taste our fruit.' Presently some of the domestic friends of the solitary landlord came up—sheep, goats, and pigs, which he knew and recognized one by one; four donkeys, one of whom he hailed by the august name of Pio Nono, and the three others. by other names equally illustrious in contemporary history which I shall not write down. The harmless creatures came forward to be patted by their kind master, and rubbed their long-eared heads against his legs. Then came the bipeds of the establishment, old field-labourers, perfectly unsuspicious of the greatness achieved by their master, and not caring a straw for it, who came out to greet him in their own rustic fashion, shaking. and hugging him as a friend and a brother, as men who love the man an the master' and know nothing of the General or the hero, and falling into. immediate discourse about the cow that had calved and the field that had been ploughed, as if the fate of the world hung on the result of the harvest of stony Caprera. Garibaldi then descanted on the delights and capabilities of the place; the first-rate shooting and capital fishing. He urged Vecchi MI part withhis Genoese Villa Spinola, and purchase the little islet opposite' to Caprera (there is a whole archipelago of mere rocks), for then, be said,. they would reside via a via, and could establish a correspondence by signals. each from their -windows, Rte. Talk of Aristides, Fabrimus, or Cincinnatus ! here is the most unaffectedly and consistently disinterested and single- minded hem in the whole world, ancient or modern." Kossuth unexpectedly arrived at Bellagio, on the Lake of Como on - Saturday. An illumination answered by beacon fires on the heights,. was visible immediately after his arrival. The -people.cheera end sere- naded the Hungarian. The Princess Demidoff, staying at Como, took a great interest in Kossuth's reception. People are asking what it may all mean.

An invasion of the Papal States by volunteers, raised by Mazzini, has been summarily arrested by the Piedmontese Government. Nicotera and Pianciani have resigned their commands. Nic,otera was one of Pisa- cane's band.

Mr. Bailey Denton, who has been in Italy on business, sends a report of what he saw to the Times- " My travelling has been extended to Venice and through Piedmont to Genoa, and I have been much struck with the frantic sympathy with Gari- baldi which prevails throughout the whole of the Sardinian provinces. All the large towns,—Milan, Bergamo, Novara, Asti, Pavia, Parma, Genoa, and Turin, as well as the minor villages, are on the qui vive, and Garibaldi's. name you hear from every lip. The red-shirted enthusiasts may be. seen openly mixing with the crowds which are doing honour to the two youthful sons of Victor Emmanuel, who are now going the round of their new province, and are very wisely making them- selves popular by mixing with the people at the public promenades and theatres. You may see the people devouring the newspapers, such as r Unite Italiana and II .Afoviniento, with a rapacity astonishing to- m Englishman. One reader suffices for a cluster of half-a-dozen hearers. It seems that every one is affected by the Garibaldi fever. His por- trait has been photographed to all sizes, and may be seen in the shape of a stud for the red shirt or as a big 'poster' on the towns' walls. A few days ago, two. British steamboats were lying in the port of Genoa under engagement for- Garibaldi= service, and upon one the red shirts and caps were congregated ready for starting to Messina, with the British flag flying at her stern. While the flame of 'freedom,' as every one calls it, thus burns so generally and glaringly throughout Piedmont, Sardinia, and Lombardy, it burns aa certainly, though in a smouldering state, in Venetia. It is curious to ob- serve how the sympathy with Garibaldi is manifested. An Englishman is- considered a safe person, to whom all Italians may unburden themselves, but they will only do so when the domestics and strangers,' as they calL Germans, who are unknown to them, are absent."

iatria.—The struggle in the Committee of the Imperial Council touching the future government of the Austrian empire appears to be maintained with great vigour. The Presse of Vienna has published the text of the preposal of the Committee of twenty-one members, which is as follows- " That his Majesty, by his own authority and power, should create such institutions as will allow the greatest possible development of the free and' independent right of representation in all the "minces ; and at the same time should, in the most complete manner, maintain the unity of the em- pire and of the legislative and executive power of government ; and further, that an effective and independent control should be exercised over the public administration by a proper representation of all the interests of the people in the communes, the diets, and the councils of the empire."

The majority is in favour of the Hungarian programme. Early in the week General Benedek arrived at Vienna. The object of hie journey was to request the Emperor to relieve him of his functions in Hungary, where is position has become unbearable on account of the continually increTng agitation in the country. General Benetlek is said to conSidaT Lui wishes of his countrymen as legitimate, and to m- inim to carry oat any coercive measures against the national tendencies of the Hungarians.

A telegraphic despatch from Vienna dated Wednesday says- " The 'Hungarian 'Members of the Reiehsrath are frequently summoned before the Emperor. It is believed that Austria will soon enter among the number oteonititutional states, notwithstanding the endeavours of the mi- litary aristocracy -to the" contrary. Several independent and liberal states- ' men have considered it their duty to represent to the Emperor that unless the constitutional tendencies of the empire be complied with a revolution would become inevitable."

The telegrams from Vienna last week respecting the proceedings of the Imperial Council were not loomed. Writing on the 24th of August, the Time's correspondent says- " Information.haa just reached me that eleven members of the Committee of Twenty-one have votedin favour of Count Szechcn's political programme, the fundamental 'principle of which is complete autonomy- in matters of in- ternal administration in all the provinces. Seven members of the Cam- =Wee, who think that the empire ought not to be entirely governed by an

• aristocracy which is by no means remarkable for its intellectual acquire- ments,-expressed their disapproval of Count Szechen's programme. 'Three members of the Committee remained strictly neuter, that is, they declined to give an opinion as to the merits of Count Szechen's project." •

Again, he reports that the Count Rechberg and Count Goluehowsky " approve " the programme, but have not promised to adhere to it. As to the state of-Hungary, he says on the 25th-

" Not many hearts ago a Magyar noble, who is a singularly calm and dis- passionate observer of passing events, assured me that nothing but the re- storation of their constitution, with the revision made in 1848, would satisfy his fellow-countrymen. To an inquiry as to whether there was any immi- nent danger of a revolution in Hungary the following reply was given :- 'The Hungarian nation has remained tranquil during twelve long years, but its patience is exhausted, and it will hardly fail, should a favourable opportunity present itself, to make a violent effort to get rid of a yoke which has become unbearable.' My informant further expressed his conviction that a general insurrection in Hungary Proper would soon be followed by - risings in Transylvania, in the Banat and Servian Voivodina, in Croatia and Slavonia, and in the military frontier districts. Klapka has long been plot- ting mischief in Jassy and Bucharest, and it is morally certain that he is in -direct communication with many persons in Hungary. The ex-Dictator Kossuth has also recalled himself to the memory of his fellow-countrymen by publishing an address, in which he states that the moment for the re- demption of Hungary from bondage is at hand. By the foregoing you will see that a violent stormis brewing, a storm which is likely to burst as soon as Garibaldi makes his appearance on the line of the Po. Count Szechen a few days ago made a most eloquent speech in the Committee of Twenty-one in support of his programme. The Hungarian magnate is said to have im- plored his colleagues to accept it, not for its own merits, but because it was necessary to the welfare of the dynasty that they should do so. Having got thus far in my letter, I receive information that Government intends to take the initiative by communicating to the Reichsrath at its next sitting its intentions in respect to Hungary and the other provinces of the empire. Since his return to Vienna, General von Benedek has repeatedly been closeted -with the Minister President and the Minister of the Interior, and it is said that he has at length succeeded in convincing them that if anything is to be done for Hungary it must be done immediately."

The Cologne Gazette says that, since the return of the Count von Rech- berg to Vienna, M. de Balahine, the Russian Ambassador, has been the almost daily guest of the Minister of Foreign Affairs. - •t The Emperor of Austria, in a letter to his brother, the Archduke, Go- vernor of the Tyrol, orders the organization of a sort of National Guard in that province. To form this guard, all Tyrolese aged from eighteen to thirty-two are to cause themselves to be inscribed in the companies of riflemen which exist in the different communes. Their organization, however, the letter says, is only to be provisional, and is to be submitted to the future provincial diet when it meets.

t% f I1111111.—It is stated that the Federal Council, having beeh solicited by the French Government to send a deputation to Thonon to greet the Emperor, replied that there was no occasion to take such a step. The French Government continually complains of ill-treatment of French subjects in Switzerland. It has been proved that up to the present time those complaints were mere calumnies.

1111531i11.—The Russian papers are openly discussing the passport sys- tem. Facts are published describing the extortions of the officials and showing how the system operates to fetter trade, commerce, labour, and enterprise. Russia has suffered from a plague of locusts, and great fires have devastated some of the provincial towns.

CH' k 1I.—A statement has been transmitted from Paris, purporting to, describe what has taken place between the Porte and the Powers in regard to intervention in Syria. It is this- " The Sultan in authorizing his Ambassador at Paris to sign the proto- eol of the 3d of 'August, which is to be converted into a convention, im- posed the condition, however, that the protocol should contain nothing which might involve the idea of foreign intervention in the interior affairs of Turkey. It was for that reason that the wishes of the Great Powers re- specting the measures to be taken for ameliorating the condition of the Christian subjects of the Porte were embodied in a second and separate pro- tocol. This protocol, by the distinct reserve of the Turkish Ambassador, was not to be inserted in the convention. Russia nevertheless insisted that the convention -should recall , and confirm the promises given by the Porte, at the Congress of Paris, in favour of the Christians. The Divan refused to accede to this demand, which it declared would constitute an act of intervention in the interior adtniuistration of Turkey. The Porte, how- ever, declares that acting in the full exercise of its sovereign independence it, will use every effort to fulfil the wishes of the Christian Powers. These roeilmmaries have delayed the signature of the convention, upon which,

wever, all the Powers have now come to an agreement." Telegraphic news from Beyrout to the 22d has arrived. It is of an itoPortatat character. "By order of Fuad Pasha, seventy individuals convicted of having taken Part an the late massacres have been hanged, and 110 soldiers shot. He has conipelled 3000 inhabitants of Damascus to enter the army. " 4500 eoldiers of the French expedition have disembarked at Beyrout. It 'is stated that their presence had greatly displeased the Moslems, and that -partial fights had already occurred." Direct information by letter from Beyrout comes down to the 16th. ' The Times correspondent states some interesting particulars respecting the charitable exertions of Mr. Cyril Graham rind the state of opinion and feeling among the Druses.

" Mr. Cyril Graham went on a misinn of inquiry into the districts around Hasbeya and Rasheya. He started on the 8th with an escort selected from among Abd-el-Kader's faithful Algerians, and 20,000 piastres given to him by Fund Pasha to relieve the more immediate necessities of the Christiana, of whom it was represented 2500, mostly widows and children, were living on die charity of the Draws in a very precarious and painful condition. On the morning of the 9th lie arrived at ilasheya, where, out of a popula- tion of upwards of 3000 inluibitants, he found alive no more thau 1100 souls, and of these only 76 were men, the rest having been slain or com- pelled to fly for their lives hither. Mr. Graham had an iuteniew with the Druse chief, Kluiyai-el-Arim, and subsequently with Mohammed-en-Nasar, who was the chief instigator of the massacre of the Ilth of June. The assembling, of the Christians and distribution of money among them excited

the jealousy and of the Druees, who threateningly asked what right Mr. Graham had to interfere in their district, and gave 'him a very intelli- gible hint that his life might pay the penalty of his interference. This menace, especially when (Riveted against an Englishman, and one so well known as tMr. Graham, is one of the worst features of the case, as showing the degree of desperation to which the bruises are excited. Indeed, they repeatedly boasted that if the French landed they would slaughter all the Christians and retire into the natural fast- nesses of the interior—the Lei* from which it would be a work of time and cost to expel them. From a similar campaign Ibrahim Pasha returned with only 9000 men out of an army of 40,000 men, and in 1852 a Turkish army was there most. ignominiously defeated. Moll:mined openly stated that he and his people despised the Sultan, and that they were convinced the slaughter of the Christians would be acceptable to Eng- land as tending to reduce French influence. The savage could not be per- suaded of the contrary, and appeared to believe that, come ulna might, Eng- land would protect him. It is to be hoped the first duty of the representa- tive of the English Government here will be to ascertain how far men with- out the shadow of official authority have dared to misrepresent English policy and to calumniate our national character; and if it be gaud that any one calling himself an Englishman has, for the gratification of a mise- rable and idiotic vanity, taught the Druses to believe that England, out of a mean and ignoble jealousy of France,. would approve their slaughter of the Christians, and protect them from the Justven,,eeance of the Porte mid other Powers, then let the man Nebo lies done this, if there be auy such, be rigor- ously punished. Let no considerations of race or family interfere to impede the course of justice, else how can we urge the Sultan to punish Atoned Pasha and others ? It is due to our honour to. ascertain who has inspired the Druses with the belief that England would uphold them, in their blood- guiltiness, and to take such measures as shall for ever destroy that belief.

"From Rasheya Mr. Graham proceeded to Ilasbeya, where out of a popu- lation of 3200 Christians 1430 were found remaining, and these nearly all women and children. From inquiries on the spot the number of slam in the massacre is estimated at 1300, and the village presented the most hor- rible sight that was perhaps ever witnessed. The corpses had been left un- buried and had been desiccated by the Syrian sun. The Scrai was full of them, and in the upper rooms they were 'heaped in piles of from five to six feet in height."

The same writer states that "it was the intention of the Drum Sheiks to lay joint statement of their ease before Vice-Admiral Martin, in which they were to set forth their perfect willingness to be tried by any court that might be appointed, provided the Admiral would give them the guarantee of England that they should have fair play, that their persons should not be seized during trial, and that no harm should come to them if they spoke the truth. The last condition is very significant. It would argue that the Druses feel themselves certain of being able to prove that in all they did they had the authority of the Turkish officials, and this agrees with the in- formation I have received as to the existence of proofs of Kurschid Pasha's guilt. It is not improbable that the Druses may have other evidence es- tablishing the complicity of other parties, which I hope to be able to forward by the next mail. If this surmise be correct, they will indeed require pro- tection. One of their Sheiks said the other day—' How dare I tell the truth, unless I have security that no harm will befall me for doing so ? But give us the guarantee of England for a fair trial, and every Druse you may re- quire shall attend the court, be he peasant or Sheik, and abide its verdict.' One word more with respect to the Druses. They have been cruel, fierce, and bloodthirsty, but they are not guilty of any of the outrages that have been perpetrated upon women. The widows of the slain say—' We saw our husbands butchered before our eyes, but truth compels us to state that no Druse offered the slightest insult to a woman.' Wherever outrages of this nature were committed, they were the deeds of Turkish soldiers and Mos- lems. The greatest enemies of the Druses never accuse them of violence to women. Not a finger would they lay upon a woman, and hardly would they look her in the face, if she were a stranger." A telegram from Constantinople states that, "notwithstanding the representations of the Ambassadois, Kursehid Pasha remained at Con- stantinople until the Marquis de Lavalette again insisted and obtained his departure, in order that he might be brought to trial in Syria. The Mussulman inhabitants are assuming a threatening attitude. The garrison has been increased, but the soldiers' pay is still in arrears. Ac- cording to advices from Syria, General Beaufort in a proclamation had prohibited the Maronites from renewing the conflict."

ft') ill 1.—Information from Pekin via Irkutsk and St. Petersburg, states some facts not to be found in the other communications- " The Chinese are making great preparations for the defence of the Peiho against the attack of the allies. 1 o judge by the preparations made by the Chinese, they appear determined to oppose an energetic defence. They have placed an English cannon on one side of the six batteries constructed at the mouth of the Peiho. This gun was taken out of an English gun-boat sunk last year. The Chinese have adopted extraordinary measures to pre- vent spies from gaining admission among them. Two men suspected of being spies weee executed by order of the Chinese General. Nobody dares approach the troops unless he carries a small board on which his name is written, and all ships arriving in the Pecheli are strictly searched, During the night the Chinese maintain a sharp firing to prevent an enemy from landing. Besides these preparations, the Government, is endeavouring to in- spire the people with confidence by telling them that the English cannot fight on land, and that consequently they cannot advance into the interior of the country, but must remain with their ships." It is stated in the last news from Shanghai that while the English were fully prepared the French were not ready,they having lost many transports.

SU hill—Before he left Calcutta, Sir James Outram received addresses from the inhabitants, and in answer thereto made a speech characteristic of the man Who is deservedly called the Bayard of India. Ile said—

"j can assure you in all truth, that 1 am quite unconscious of having done

anything to deserve the distinguished _honour which the Calcutta com- munity have combined to pay me. I am not sensible of having done more than my duty in the various public situations which I have had the honour to hold. To few, perhaps, have the opportunities been accorded which I have had the good fortune to enjoy, and if I have been able to improve those opportunities, and to obtain some measure of success, I owe it, under Pro- vidence, to a great extent, to the assistance and cooperation of the many able and gallant comrades with whom I have had the happiness of being as- sociated in the discharge of my public duties, and it is very gratifying to me to think that the honours bestowed upon use will be reflected upon them. With regard to the testimonial which the meeting did me the honour to vote me, understanding it to be the wish of the subscriber. that I should indicate the nature of the testimonial which I should prefer, I will only say, that any earnest desire is that only a small portion of the funds that may be con- tributed should be expended on any object of a personal character, such, for in- stance, as a bust, and that the greater part of the money should be devoted to establishing an institution at any place that the committee appointed at the meeting may think proper to select, whereby the army, in which any lot in life has been cast, may benefit. I must ask you, Sir, and the friends whom you re- present, to accept my warmest thanks for the kindly expressions of regret contained in the address, and in the accompanying resolutions at the failure of health which has compelled me, at this time, when so many deeply in- teresting and important questions relating to the future Government of India are under consideration, to quit my post, as also for the good wishes expressed in the address for Lady Outram, myself, and my family. These I beg to assure you I most cordially reciprocate. I now bid to all an affec- tionate farewell. At any time of life, and in the present state of my health, I cannot venture to hope that I shall be permitted to return to India But, though leaving the country, in all probability for ever, I must con- tinue to take the deepest interest in India and in all that concerns the coun- try and its inhabitants, and I am sure I need not say if, at any time, my services are rt quired here or elsewhere by our gracious Sovereign, and my health admit of my again undertaking active employment, I shall gladly and heartily obey any call that may be made upon me."