,1isrtlInurano.

The following letters have been published in the daily papers. They will be read with interest by all who have at heart the success of the Italian movement towards independence of foreign Powers. The first is addressed by certain distinguished Italians to Lord Shaftesbury.

" 1, Leinster Terrace, Hyde Park, Sept. 3.

" My Lord,—The sympathy evinced by the English nation for the Italian cause, and more especially for the question of Central Italy, has given to the undersigned the idea of rendering this feeling, for which they have the most lively gratitude, efficacious by the formation of a committee, at the head of which should stand a name of great authority in England, and the name which immediately presented itself to our minds was yours. " We ask for this name, my lord, and we place ourselves under your guidance in every respect ; be good enough, therefore, to undertake the formation of this committee, in which it is our wish that the English element should preponderate. " It is natural that Italians should interest themselves for the emancipa- tion of Italy, but it is generous for Englishmen to show so warm a sympathy, and it would be of much service to the Italians that this great nation, which has preceded every other in the path of all liberties, should make it felt in an efficacious manner. " We trust in you, my lord ; allow us to keep this trust.—We are, my lord, very respectfully, your most obedient servants, " G. F. AVESANI. B. FARREICOTTI.

G. DEVINCENZI. JOHN B. ROCCA."

L. SERENA.

The second is Lord Shaftesbury's reply to the request.

" St. Giles House, Cranboume, Salisbury, Sept. 12, 1859. "Gentlemen,—The letter which I have received from you has conferred on me the greatest honour.

"If I could take the same view as you do of my position and influence, I should not hesitate even for a moment to accept the post that your con- fidence has offered to me. The claims—nay more, the just demands—of Italy on the sympathy and cooperation of Englishmen are such that it seems impossible for anyone, be he great or be he small, to hold back any support that it might he in his power to bestow. Your case and our own are very similar. We long and ardently desired the blessings of civil and religious liberty. To obtain them we got rid of our obnoxious rulers ; chose those who should succeed them, and established a form of government differing as little as possible from that to which we were habituated. And all this was done without bloodshed, without violence, without rapine, without confusion, or even disturbanoe of the order df daily life, and simply by the will of an united people determined to be free.

" Your course has been the same. But great as was our conduct, yours has hitherto been far greater. We had long enjoyed the form and often- times the exercise of free institutions ; the principle and practice of them ! were familiar to us. But liberty came upon you like a thunderclap, and yet ; she found you as orderly, peaceful, ready, as alive to the blessings she gives I and the duties she imposes, as though you had been trained to them from your very cradles. So intense is the effect that simply the love of rational freedom can produce on the understandings and the hearts of men ! " We were told that you did not care for liberty, and that you had not courage to assert it. We were told that you were unfit for self-government, and that Austrian bayonets were necessary to save your beautiful land from bloodshed, plunder, and anarchy, by your own people. We were told that your mlialekfliatrodsaad jealousies were such that no one state, no one city, could he in harmony with ther. What, in fact, were we not told to your detriment and dishonour any believed what they heard. 1 did so at one time myself, but who can wonder at it ? What precedent had history afforded of so apparently sudden a fitness for the exercise of the greatest of human callings, the exercise of civil and religious freedom ? A nation seemed to be born in a day—born at once, in its full moral stature with all the powers of self-control, without which there,never was, and there never will be, any true or lasting liberty.

" Well, if such things as these will not stir the hearts of the whole Anglo- Saxon race, in whichever part of the world any members may be found, I

know not what will. But surely you have no cause to doubt. You know the sentiments, and you have Beard the eloquence, of many of our public men; the people, speaking by the Press, show very unmistakeable signs of their ardent sympathy; nor would they, if appealed to, pause longer than might be necessary to consider in what way they could best give effect and expression to their feelings. "You have suggested the formation of a committee consisting of native of both countries, in which the English element should preponderate.' This committee would, I conclude, be empowered to receive such contribu- tions as the people of England might be induced to give in aid of the efforts made by the people of Central Italy to maintain their rights, and defend themselves against every form of aggression. "This line is safe and just, for whatever misgivings might have been em- tertained before the late events of the policy or hopefulness of struggling for

freedom, the thing has been achieved ; and the Emperor of the French, true, as we hope and believe, to the principles he has avowed and the issue he has sought, must, if he be sincere, rejoice to see that sound and inde- pendent action of the people whom it is his gloryto have liberated. " I see no objection to the plan—whatever might be oontributed would be received by the Italians more as a mark of sympathy than as a material help in the difficulties that surround them. Let, however, the question of the chairman stand over for the present. It is most desirable that one should be appointed who would be best able to conciliate friends among all classes, and to disarm opposition. If after due search, no better man can be found who is willing to serve you, I shall then be ready, entertaining a

firm belief that it will please God to bless your endeavours with a happy issue, in accordance with their beginning. I am, gentlemen, your faithful friend and servant, SHAFTESBERY." "Messrs. Avesani, Rocca, and others."

The Plymouth and Devonport Journal has published the following ad- mirable letter from the 'Englishman with Garibaldi, in answer to the unaccountable errors of statement made by a correspondent of one of our contemporaries.

" Quartiere Generale del Generale Garibaldi, Modena, Sept. 5.

" lly dear Sir,—An extract from the 'Daily News' has been sent to me from England, containing such gross falsehoods regarding me that I shall feel obliged (for doubtless they have been copied into the local papers) if you will insert this my denial of the statements there made. I had the honour of being acquainted with the accredited correspondent of that journal in Brescia ; he knows as far as he is concerned that they are false, and, more than this, I declare the writer knew them to be so at the time he penned the lines. 1st. ' Whenever he had killed an Austrian, he was seen to mark him down in his pocket-book.' 241.--' He was kind enough to show me his book.' No. 2 is a gross and wilful falsehood. I never marked down any Austrian dead' or 'uncertain,' and never showed any one my book,' for one simple reason, that I had none to show. 3d.—' 110 assureu me he professes the utmost indifference to the cause of Italian independence.' This is as false as the rest. I have never expressed any feeling but one of de- votion to the cause of suffering Italy. Had such been the case, I should scarcely have come 700 or 800 miles to Join General Garibaldi's corps, have followed him on foot from the Banks of the Po to the shores of the Lego di Garda, and afterwards to the Steins., and exposed my life in every one of his engagements, not only to the Austrian bullets, but also to an Austrian halter—for the Oat Deutsche Fest' announced that I should be hanged if made prisoner. 4th. He is like one of those Italian Con- dottieri of the middle ages, who made war for pleasure, without inquiring whether the cause he served was the wrong or the right one.' Not only IS the oppression and tyranny of the Austrian rule such that iu England it can neither be conceived nor credited, but the gross brutalities exercised towards the .persons of the Italians of both sexes are such as to be execrated by all civilized nations. From the days of Attila, the Hun has marked fair Italy for his prey, but Attila and his barbarous hordes could not have com- mitted more frightful outrages than those of their descendants. It has been my pride to carry my rifle in the ranks of the Italian army, and still greater to have served under and won the friendship of such a man as Guisep e Garibaldi. Dien et mon Droit' is Italy's motto. May God defend the right. I have followed my general through the plains and mountains of Upper Italy, and will continue to follow him as long as ho draws his sword for this noble-hearted people. Like all the rest of his devoted followers, it is to MC indifferent whether his camp is on the mountain or the plain, on the banks of the Ticino or the Po, the Arno or the Tiber. He has only to say Avanti,' and the cry that has so often carried panic into the enemy's ranks, Viva Garibaldi,' will rise from our hearts through the hills and vales of Italy. I am, my dear Sir, yours faithfully; Joni W. PEARD, l'Inglese con Garibaldi."

The name of General Guyon, the Somersetshire hero, who did so much for Kars, and (or whom England did so little, is inscribed on the monument in the Bath Cemetery, among the names of the heroes who fell in the late war. Yes, this recognition of his services has really been vouchsafed to his memory, but probably it would have been forgotten had not Mr. Arthur Kinglake reminded Somerset of the debt of gratitude to, and its connexion with, " the patriot and the hero." See what great people we English are The French Emperor, in his vulgar ma- terial spirit, has taken the orphaned son of Guyon by the hand, and is educating him in the Military College of France. We write the father's name upon a piece of stone, and our obligation is discharged ! We are glad to hear that the project of purchasing a sword of honour for the hero is being acted on, and that when a sufficient sum is raised the sword will be presented to Guyon's son.—Sherborne and Somerset Journal.

" Alpha," in the Times, makes the following sensible suggestion. He proposes that the Governor-General of India should be instructed by telegraph to issue a proclamation to this effect-

" 1. That all troops in India taking their discharge shall receive a liberal bounty on enlisting for service in .China. " 2. That the engagement entered into for suoh service shall terminate with the conclusion of the new Chinese war. now inevitable. "3. That at the termination of this war all troops so enlisting shall re- ceive their discharge and passage home to England." Another correspondent suggests that the Great Eastern should be chartered to take troops at once to China. He thinks that her appearance there at this moment would alone produce a great effect on the Chinese.

The Queen has appointed Mr. Edward Thornton, now Chargé d'Affaires and Consul-General to the Oriental Republic of the Uruguay, to be Minister Plenipotentiary to the Argentine Confederation ; and Mr. William Garrow Lettsom, now Chargé d'Affaires and Consul-General to the Republic of Bolivia, to be Chargé d'Affaires and Consul-General to the Oriental Republic of Uruguay.

A model, showing bow the ground will be laid out in terraces for the garden of the Horticultural Society, has just been placed in the South Kensington Museum, at the North end, near the entrance to the Orna- mental Art Rooms. Between the Xensington Road and Cromwell Road the ground falls about forty feet, and using this fact in aid of a general effect, the ground has been divided into three principal levels. The entrances to the gardens will be on the lower level, in Exhibition and Prince Albert's Roads, and the central pathway, upwards of seventy-five feet wide, ascending through terraces to the third great level, will lead to the Winter Garden. The whole garden will be surrounded by Italian arcades, each of the three levels having arcades of a different character. The upper, or North arcade, where the boundary is semicircular in form, will be a modification of the arcades of the Villa Albani at Rome. The central arcade will be almost wholly of Milanese brickwork, interspersed with terra cotta, majolica, &c., whilst the design for the South arcade has been adapted from the beautiful cloisters of St. John Lateran at Rome. None of these arcades will be less than twenty feet wide and twenty-five feet high, and they will give a promenade, sheltered from all weathers, more than three quarters of a mile in length. The arcades and earth-works will be executed by the Commissioners for the Exhi- bition of 1851, at a cost of 50,0001., whilst the laying out of the gardens and construction of the Conservatory or Winter Garden, will be executed by the Horticultural Society, and will cost about the same sum, the greater part of which has been already raised.

The Marquis d'Azeglio, who arrived in town on Tuesday from visiting Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston, at Broadlands, near homey, left the Sardinian Legation on Wednesday for Turin, on temporary leave of absence. His Excellency intends to return towards the end of the ensuing month. Mr. Disraeli has consented to preside at the annual meeting of the Lanca- shire and Cheshire Mechanics' Institutions, at Manchester, in October, to distribute the prizes awarded at this year's examinations.

Queen Christina and the Duke de Rianzares, with their children and suite, have returned to Paris from Havre.

The reigning Prince of Monaco has passed through Paris from Germany, an his way to Biarritz.

The Grand Duchess Helen of Russia, the morning after her arrival at Berlin, received a visit from the Princess Frederick William.

The Count de Chambord has arrived at Vienna on his way to Frohsdorf. Don Miguel, formerly pretender to the throne of Portugal, is also at present in the Austrian capital.

Major-General Sir William Eyre died on the 8th September, in the fifty- third year of his age. He distinguished himself in the Cape wars, and was present at Alma, Inkermun, and Sebastopol. Recently he commanded the troops in Canada. He bore a high reputation as a soldier.

The mother of the late poet, Henry Heine, died on the 35 September, ut Hamburgh, in the arms of her son, M. Gustave Heine, proprietor of the Fremdenbladtt of Vienna. Madame Leine was carried off by cholera in the of her age.

M. Jacques Caste, one of the oldest journalists in Paris, and a chevalier of the Legion of Honour, has just died at the age of sixty-two. M. Caste was the founder and director of Le Temps, a paper of considerable influence under the reign of Louis Philippe, to which Leon Faucher, Merman, Pagils (de PArriege), Ch. Nodier, and other well-known names were con- tributors. He was one of the forty protestors whose life was to be sacri- ficed if Charles X. had succeeded in euforeing the July ordinances. When Casimir Perrier was Minister, -the Motel Bonaparte, which was then occu- pied by M. Caste, became a point of attraction for the chief politicians, journalists, and litterateurs of the:day.

We are requested to state, for public information, that the first stroke on the great belt of the Westminster clock, and not the quarter chimes, indi- cates the-hour by Greenwich mean time. The chimes at the first, second, and third quarters begin to strilte at those times respectively. Persons hear- ing the clock at long distances must remember that the sound takes 41 seconds to travel a mile.

The electric telegraph to Melbourne and Adelaide is in constant use, and affords a remunerating revenue. Indeed, the amount of business transacted has forced on the Government the absolute necessity of a second wire. Wires to Bathurst and to Maitland were in progress, and will shortly con- vey messages between those important towns and the Australian metropolis.

The Queen has given a donation of 100 guineas towards paying off the debt of the Royal Botanic Institution of Glasgow.

A night is about to be devoted at the Opera at Paris to a colossal perform- ance for the benefit of M. Roger. All the artistes of distinction in Paris express their desire to assist.

No fewer than 9320 persons visited the South Kensington Museum last week. This public exhibition well deserves the attention which the public bestovi upon it.

am very much ashamed to be forced to copy from L' Univers of this morning a very offensive and profane announcement ; but not wishing to wound reverential feelings in uneducated quarters, I don't translate it :- "'Nouveau journal de Notre Dame de la Salette. :Nous venous offrir un (n- one a Notre Dame do In Stiletto, I la •rake obstinie cans sou amour, qui a voulu sauver hi France torque Jesus eemblait tie plus solicitor la justice Divine pour elle."—Clete Paris Correspondent.

Mr. Chisholm Anstey publishes a long letter on behalf of the "much wronged empire of China." He argues that there was no idea that the re- cognition by the Emperor of the abstract right of embassy was to pave the i

way to the capital for a British plenipotentiary in 1858, or even in 1859. On the contrary, "the Chinese envoys appear throughout to have under- stood that the obnoxious apparition would, for the present, be averted, 'by the mere acknowledgment on their part of its right to appear by- and-bye."

M. Blondiu, the tight-rope dancer? is now said to be it myth. He has, we are satirically informed, never existed. No man has crossed the Niagara Falls on a rope, cr carried a man on his back over them ; or done any of the -wonderful things which have provoked so much criticise' and afforded so much amusement. The whole thing is an invention got up to hoax the public, draw visitors to the falls, and win a wager !

Such is the statement of one who lives at Niagara. On the other hand, "E. Bowker," writing to the Times, but giviug no address, says :—" On the 4th of July last, in company with a friend now in Manchester, I saw 31. Blondin cross the river Niagara on a tight rope about a quarter of mile be- low the falls. This feat wits cleverly accomplished in the presence of from 2000 to 3000 persons."

[The following poems have been published, and a copy, in manuscript, has been obligingly sent us.]

SONNETS,

ON REARM, OF LEIGH mer's DEATH.

The world grows empty : fadingly and fast The dear ones and the great ones of my life Melt forth, and leave Inc but the shadows rife Of Those who blissful made my peopled past ; Shadows that iu their numerousness cast A sense of desolation sharp as knife Upon the soul, perplexing it with strife Against the vacancy, the void, the vast Unfruitful desert which the earth becomes To one who loses thus the cherished friends Of youth. The loss of each beloved sends An aching consciousness of want that dumb& The voice to silence,—akin to the dead blank All things became, when down the sad heart sank.

And vet not so would'st thou thyself have view'd Affliction : thy true poet soul knew how The sorest thwartings patiently to bow To wisest teaching., ; that they still renew'd In thee strong hope, lira trust, a faith imbued With cheerful spirit,--consf ant to avow The good of e'en things evil, and allow All ills to pass with ecatrage Philosophy like thine turns to pure gold Earth's dro:s: Unprisonment assumed a grace, A dignity, as holm by thee, in hold Defence of Liberty and night ; thy face Reflected thy heart's tam 'mid sickness, pain, And grief ; nay, loss itself thou mad'st a gain.

Nice, September 3, 1859. MARE COWDEN CLARKE.

Au Italian, Gualtelli, director of music at the Court of the Sultan, has doped with a prime favourite in the harem, and reached Geneva in safety. The Circassian has a splendid voice, and, it is said, will appear at our western operas.

A milithunan, in garrison at Carlisle, has received fifty lashes for flinging a stone at the adjutant. The man is evidently a very bad character, and deserved what he got.

A French Trial. A trial at the assizes of Correze has excited considerable sensation. An elderly man appeared before the tribunal accused of the murder of his daughter by the infliction of blows on her head, by means of a hatchet, which severed the skull. Of the facts there could be no doubt, but the causes assigned induced the jury to pronounce him not guilty. It appears that his daughter, Antoinette Rouvais, had been seduced by her cousin. When circumstances rendered it too apparent to be passed un- noticed, she declared that it was the result of violation. An inquiry was in- stituted, which showed that there was no truth in her statement. She avowed the truth to her parents, hoping for their forgiveness. In this she was doomed to disappointment. Her father, a man of high honour, the strictest integrity, and unimpeachable veracity, had sunk into a state of melancholy on finding the dishonour of his family. Some hopes, however, were entertained that a marriage with her seducer would have effaced the recollection of what had occurred ; but these hopes were not realized, to the sad disappointment of the father, who attempted suicide by hanging, in which he was prevented by the daughter, who had gone to the granary, where she found her father. He in a state of madness seized the in- strument which was near him, and with it attacked and killed his child. He appeared on his trial overwhelmed with affliction, acknowledged what he had done, which was the result of the feeling that the dishonour of his family was too great to be borne. The mayor of the village haring been • _ called upon to state what he knew of the defendant, spoke of him in the highest terms, describing the family as a model of do tic union and in- ternal happiness. Amid the tears of the audience the verdict of non culpabilite was given, and his family surrounded the father with ex- pressions of tenderness and warm feeling.