fortigu nut( ulouint.

f ThUr.—The excitement caused by the remarks of the French Em- peror to M. Hubner has been rather increased than allayed by subse- quent events. The journals, notably the Freese, have written as fiercely against Austria as if no "reassuring" note had appeared in the lfoniteur., The Preese says that if there is a revolution in Italy it will alarm the Conservatives of Europe, and Austria will remain what she has always been, " the gendarme of order." But if the question retains its political character, if it is only a question of revising the treaties of 1815 so fares they affect Italy, then it intimates that France may intervene with effect.

"If England had need of the cooperation of a continental ally, what re- liance could she place en Austria? Does she not know what the position of Austria is ? Menaced in Italy, menaced in Hungary, odious to the Poles, the Roumains, and the Croats, who saved her and whom she deceived, all that Austria can do is to live, to keep herself together. How can she lend help ? What interest can England have to lean on such a rotten prop ? "

The Presse is now called the real Moniteur.

The Paris correspondent of an English journal notorious for its French leanings said early in the weak that "a war with Austria may take place eventually. It is difficult to suppose that the large army of France can remain idle for any number of years, and there is nothing more to do in Algeria. But for the moment peace is the order of the day." Later, apropos of the marriage of Prince Napoleon with the Princess Clotilda of Sardinia, the same correspondent used this language-

" The marriage of Prince Napoleon with the Piedmontese Princess seals an alliance which France made with Sardinia on the battle-fields of the Crimea. The French nation has long since regarded with an affectionate interest the triumph of constitutional rule at the foot of the Alps. A fre- quent exchange of notes has taken place between the gallant soldier Sove- reign of Sardinia and the elected of the French nation, and doubtless the beat understanding prevails. The Liberal party throughout France—of all shades of opinion—feel a deep sympathy for Piedmont. France for the future will stand in a decidedly hostile attitude towards Austria in Italy. She may be called upon to defend Piedmont before the end of the year. I have reason to believe at the moment I am writing, the Italian question is assuming proportions which at one period appeared to be so much in the egg that months would have passed over before they became of pressing interest."

In connection with this it may be remarked that Prince Napoleon has sailed from France for Genoa, on a visit to the Court of King Victor Emmanuel.

The prices of stock of all kinds have fallen during the week very steadily. Thus on Tuesday Rentes opened at 69,30; fell on We as low as 67.10; and closed 68.30. Railway and Credit Mo- bilier shares suffered enormous depression. Apropos of the dissolving views on the Bourse, the Hord told how the Emperor had met M. Emile Pereire at a railway station, and had asked him why so much alarm was felt. Pereire told him that the alarm arose from the words em- ployed on New Year's day. The substance of this conversation and its results are more interestingly told by the .Daily Hews corre- spondent— " I am told on credible authority that the exact words spoken by the Em- peror to M. Pereire when he met him at the railway station on his way to shoot at Rambouillet were—' L'Autriche a fait des hetises, mais de 11 a la guerre il y a un abime—du reste j'enverrai tine note au Moniteur.' M. Pereire saw the Emperor the next day at the Tuileries, and remained with him three quarters of an hour. His Majesty said—' Well, the Bourse has been a little better today.' M. Pereire answered—' Yes ; because I ven- tured to report your Majesty's promise to send a note to the Moniteur.' "

If this is not accurate, it is pretty evident that it might be.

The Gazette du Midi reports orders to arm two steam frigates at Tou-

Ion and ten other smaller vessels, whilst stores of biscuit and naval pro- visions are being collected in depOt at other ports of France. The French army is under the impression that they will be called out before the end of the year for active service ; 200,000 men are ready to march.

The Mon iteur has published an Imperial decree convoking, in virtue of articles 24 and 46 of the Constitution, the Senate and Legislative body, to meet on the 7th of February next. The Afoniteur also publishes a report from M. Royer, Minister of Jus- tice, upon the abuse of the assumption of titles of nobility. The report is followed by an Imperial decree appointing a new "Board of Heraldry," under the name of Conseil du Scean des Titres.

jastria.—The Emperor of Austria has made a speech. It seems that on the 4th January the French Ambassador conveyed to the Empe- ror that expression of personal esteem which was the tag of the " bout- ade " on New Year's Day. To this the Austrian Emperor replied-

" I am sincerely touched by the personal sentiments of the Emperor. Assure him that, notwithstanding the dissidences occasioned by political necessities, I have never ceased to feel the profoundest esteem and the most cordial sympathy for his person." The Hurd observes, that these words, though less emphatic than those of the French Emperor, show no less clearly the existence of the state of things which has so greatly alarmed public opinion.

The same pro-Russian organ circulated a report that Austria, after all, intended to send her troops across the Danube into Servia. Whereupon the Pays and the Patrie, both semi-official journals, published a note to this effect—

Notwithstanding the representations made to Austria by the Powers who signed the treaties of Pans, the Austrian Government has given orders to the Commander at Semlin to place his troops at the disposal of the Pacha of Belgrade. These measures are contrary to the stipulations of the treaties, and by persisting in them Austria nusunderstands its engagements towards the other contracting Powers.

It may be remarked that there is good reason for suspecting the au- thentic character of this statement. The Porte has not shown any hos- tility to the Servian movement, and one does not see what benefit would be derived from an intervention which would bring down the high con- tracting Powers upon Austria. The rumour may have served bourse speculators.

A Turin writer makes these strong. assertions—

"-A diplomatic note was sera to Vienna a very few days ago, in which there was a declaration, that any armed intervention in Berm by Austria would be considered by France as a casus belli. It stated also, that the sending of a strong force to Semlin and other points of the Austrian frontier would be regarded ' with heavy displeasure. The fact is on record, that Austria yielded immediately, renounced her original intention of upholding Prince Alexander at all costs, and suspended the march of the greater portion of the troops she had sent to the Servuin frontiers. It would be interesting to see the "record" and the authority for the record. So far as appears there has been no intention of intermeddling in Servia. There may have been threats, but there can be no yielding where nothing is asserted or done.

Siallj.—The chief Italian event is the opening of the Piedmontese Parliament on Monday by Xing Victor Emmanuel in person. Re- cent explosions have quickened the interest felt in every act of Piedmont, and the certainty that the King would refer in his speech to foreign polities caused dense crowds to gather in and around the Senate house. The King read his speech in a clear and emphatic manner, and was frequently interrupted by outbursts of vehement applause. He said- " Signori Senatori, Signori, Deputati—The new Legislature, inaugurated

• a year ago, has not disappointed the hopes of the country or my expectations. "By means of its enlightened and loyal cooperation we have surmounted the difficulties of domestic and foreign policy, thus consolidating those broad principles of nationality and progress on which our liberal institutions repose.

"Continuing in the same path you will this year effect new improvements in the various branches of the legislation and of the public administration. "In the last session some projects relating to the administration of justice were presented to you. "Resuming their interrupted examination, trust that in this session the reorganization of the magistracy, the institution of the courts of assize, and the revision of the code of procedure will be provided for. "You will be again summoned to deliberate on the reform of the adminis- tration of the communes (parishes) and provinces. The very strong desire that exists for this will be a stimulus for you to devote to it your special tare.

"There will be proposed to you certain modifications in the law concern- ing the National Guard, in order that, while the basis of that noble institu- tion are preserved untouched, there may be introduced into it those improve- ments suggested by experience as calculated to render its action at all times more efficacious.

"The commercial crisis from which our country has not been exempt, and the calamity which has repeatedly afflicted our chief branch of industry, have diminished the income of the State ; they have deprived us of witness- ing the immediate realization of the hopes conceived of a complete equili- brium between the revenue and expenditure. "This will not prevent your conciliating, in the examination of the future budget, the necessities of the State with the principles of strict economy. "Signori Senatori, Signori Deputati—" The horizon in whose midst the new year rises is not entirely serene ; notwithstanding this, you will apply yourself with your usual alacrity to your Parliamentary labours. "Encouraged by the experience of the past, we are prepared resolutely to encounter the eventualities of the future.

"That future, will be a happy one, our policy reposing on justice, on love of liberty, and of our country.

"Our country, small in territory, has acquired credit in the councils of Europe, because it is great through the idea it represents and the sympathies it inspires. This position is not exempt from perils, since, while we respect treaties, we are not insensible to the cry of suffering which reaches us from BO many parts of Italy. "Strong by our concord, confiding in our-good right, we await, prudent and decided, the decrees of Divine Providence."

Signor Ratazzi, a decided and energetic member of the Liberal party, has been elected President of the Chamber of Deputies. Deprelio and Fuchio, also Liberals, are the Vice-Presidents. The official Piedmontese Gazette publishes the following note :—

"The official Gazette of Vienna having announced the despatch of re- inforcementa to Italy, the Piedmontese Government has thought it its duty to bring the distant garrisons nearer to the frontiers of Lombardy, without, however, calling out the Contingents."

In an order of the day, addressed to the national guards of Turin, their general, on the oecasion of the opening of the Chambers, the fol- lowing passage occurs :-

" May your presence here, and your fine appearance under arms, be a pledge of your firmness, and a certain witness that on every occasion and in every cause, the nation may rely upon you. Viva the Statute ! Italia !"

It is worth notice that General Neil is one of the persons selected to attend Prince Napoleon on his visit to Turin.

The agitation in Lombardy has been augmented by the departure of the Archduke Maximilian and his wife from Milan, and by the march of 30,000 additional Austrian troops towards Italy ; raising the total of the army of occupation to 160,000 men. General Giulay, the military governor, a stern and resolute soldier, rules in his absence. Complete military precautions have been taken. The garrisons of the strategical fortresses have been reinforced, and their stores replenished. Austria it is said has warned Rome, Naples' Parma, Modena, to be prepared for revolutionary movements. The Turin journals have been shut out of Lombardy. A letter from Milan states that the Milanese style Prince Napoleon Napoleoncino, and rely on the united action of France and Piedmont since this personage is about to marry " the amiable jiglia d'Italia," as they call the Princess Clotilda. Everybody wears blue cravats ; the barabas or gamins cry "Viva Verdi," and allow no cigars to be smoked unless they are Piedmontese or Cavurini. "A Russian was walking in the tiny street of La Passazella, quietly smoking his weed, when he was accosted by a baraba, who knocked the cigar out of his mouth. 'Mind, it is a Cavurino, remarked my friend. Oh, then, I beg your pardon, and, if you allow me, I shall smoke it in honour of our great minister."

The Austrian Brigade of General Raming, forming the advanced guard of the reinforcements for Italy, entered Milan mill° afternoon of Monday last. The King of Naples is either alarmed, or he has been desirous of ap- pearing to perform an act of clemency on the marriage of his heir to the sister of the Empress of Austria. A telegraphic message from Naples, January 10, says-

" The King left on Saturday. Pardon has been granted to sixty-one political prisoners. Barrio, Settembrini, &c., are to be exiled. Other acts of mercy are hoped for."

The 'Eng has, however, done another act which may call down the wrath of France. He has confiscated the caution money which M. D'Agiout had deposited as concessionaire of the Salerno and Taranto line of railway ; and he has refused to admit the jurisdiction of the courts in the matter.

General Goyon and the Pope interchanged the most high-flown and amicable compliments on New Year's Day. "In contemplating the majesty of your throne, said the Frenchman, "we admire a temporal King, and, what is more, the Sovereign Pontiff; the first exercising, like other monarchs, his temporal authority within the limits of his state, an authority which we shall support with all our might; the second, greater still, exercising his spiritual power over the whole uni- verse; without any limit save that of the globe."

11151i1L—Ietters from St. Petersburg, quoted by the Gazette de Lyon, make known a rather grave incident in connection with the emancipation of the peasants. The committee of the government of St. Petersburg, after having terminated its labours has drawn up a respectful address to the Emperor, praying him, after regulating the condition of the peasants, to occupy himself with a reform of all other classes in Russia, and to con- voke the States General of Russia. This unexpected demand has pro- duced a considerable impression at the court. The wish expressed by the committee of St. Petersburg will, letters state, be reproduced by the committees of other provinces.

ark.—The petition of the Skuptchina praying the Porte to recog- nize Prince Milosch has been presented to the Turkish Government. No- thing is said respecting its reception, but it may be inferred from the recommendation to resign given by the Porte to Prince Alexander and acted upon' that the Porte will not oppose any obstacle to the recognition of Milosch further than to insist on a legal election.

• Troubles continue in the Herzegovina where the rayalis arc still in arms. Russian agents, the Consul Michele among them, come and go, bringing money and instructions to the Prince of Montenegro upon whom the Servian revolution has made a great impression. .

guittir giair3.—The Arabia arrived at Liverpool on Sunday, with adviees from New York to the 28th December.

• A joint resolution was passed in the United States Senate on the 23d ultimo, creating temporarily the Brevet grade of Admiral in the United States Navy with a view to confer it upon Captain Charles Stewart, the oldest officer in the service as a recompense for having been unjustly placed upon the "retired list" by the Naval Retiring Board of 1866. The rank is to become extinct on Captain Stewart's death. This is the first American Admiral. The United States Naval services heretofore has had no rank higher than a Post-captain in law, although Commodores have been recognized by courtesy, Admiral Stewart is more than eighty years of age. He is in command of the Navy-yard at Phila- delphia. Mr. Davis, of Mississippi, asked leave to offer a resolution directing the Committee on Foreign Affairs to report a bill authorizing the Pre- sident to take possession of Cuba. The House refused to entertain the proposition.

The Washington Union, in a strong written article against Spain—de- scribing her officers in Cuba as exorcising an irritating and offensive surveillance over American citizens, and declaring that Spanish creditors are starving, the Spanish treasury impoverished, and the Spanish Go- ernment a prey to contending factions and ambitious and mercenary politicians—says--

Mr. Davis proposes, under all the circumstances, that the Federal Go- vernment shall notify Spain and demand payment of certain indebtedness, and, in default thereof, that attachment issue with directions to our naval constables to seize the Island of Cuba. In equity Mr. Davis is right, Spain has justly forfeited all claim to the forbearance of the United States.

Mr. Branch, of North Carolina, introduced a bill in the House, appro- priating one million of dollars' to enable the President to conclude with Spain a treaty of amity, and for the settlement of all differences, includ- ing the cession of Cuba, to be used by the President, if he thinks dt,,in advance of the ratification of such treaty by the Senate. If there irnota,

at the time payment is required, sufficient money in the Treasury, the President is authorized to borrow it. This bill was referred to the Com- mittee on Foreign Affairs. Senator Douglas has been making a tour in the South and in Cuba, and has been everywhere received with as much honour and ceremonial as if he were already the president elect. At Cuba, the Spanish author- ities were as obsequious as if he were come to take possession of the island.

• The Washington correspondent of the New Fork Post says that the schooner Susan, which recently escaped from Mobile, landed her filibuster passengers on the banks of the river Colorado, near its mouth. About 1,000 men had previously arrived. Report says that General Henningsen, who was in Washington' was augmenting the force on the Colorado for the invasion of Central America, while others interested in Mexican affairs say the filibusters are to join Vidaurri.

Father Boyle, a Roman Catholic Priest, opened the session of the United States Senate with prayer on the 23d of December last, arrayed in full canonicals. This novel proceeding arose from the Senate having de- cided not to elect a chaplain. The Speaker, under authority, selected a number of the clergy from all denominations in Washington city, to discharge by turns the duty of chaplain, and Father Boyle was one of them. He was attended by a number of priests in surplice and cassock, it being the first time since the foundation of the Republic that the entire vestment of the Romish clergy bad been seen in either House of Con- gress. The incident was the subject of much comment.

!halite—The Calcutta mail arrived in London on Thursday. The latest date is the 8th December. The news has been anticipated by pre- ceding arrivals from &natty. We learn from a few telegraphic de- spatches that rebel parties were wandering about Behar, and Shahabad.

&IUA .—The Earl of Elgin had gone up the Yang-tse-Kiang. He had, but Baron Gros had not concluded the new trade regulations with the Chinese Commissioners.