POSTSCRIPT'

SA21111.DAY AFTERNOON.

We have communications from Paris and Turin, each throwing some light upon the most interesting points in the present state of foreign affairs. Our Paris correspondent writes thus :—

" Pares, Thursday crening. "The great event of the week is the publication in the official paper of the Emperor's letter to the Pope, and the reproduction of his Holiness '13 ad- dress to General Goyon.

"These documents, which have crossed each other in reaching their in- tended destinations, speak both for themselves. "There is, however, a stiiking contrast, I need not say of opinion (that was expected), but of tone, in these communications. " Willie the Emperor remains calm, respectful, and dignified, the Holy Father indulges in bitter recriminations, and qualifies as a monument of no- torious hypocrisy, an ignoble tissue of contradictions, what has since proved to be the expression of the French policy.

"You will have remarked in the Pope's speech an allusion to some official documents, purporting to be a disavowal by the French Government of The Pope and Congress. These documents, I learn from a very reli- able source, really exist, and were issued by the late Minister of Foreign Affairs in the shape of assurances to the Papal and Austrian Governments, that the brochure had no official bearing. On his refusal to contradict or even mitigate his statements, Count Walewski's resignation took place.

"As a natural sequel to the important documents published, rumours of a contradictory character are afloat. On one side that the Pope would leave Rome for Gaeta or even Majorca, the French troops evacuating the Papal States. On the other that Marshal Canrobert would be the bearer of an ultimatum mutually agreed to by France and Austria. Marshal M'Irahon's appointment is confirmed.

"This morning the funds went up on account of the announced resigna- tion of Cardinal Antonelli. All these rumours are premature, except the one concerning the Duke of Magenta, whose appointment appears decided, as a mesure de precaution. In fact it is clear that either a most compli- cated crisis or an unexpected solution of the Legation question is imminent. "The funds kept firm, and closed at 68.6. fr. "The Minister of Marine was consulted a few days ago on a clause to be inserted in a treaty of commerce with England in course of prepara- tion."

Writing yesterday our correspondent says that "there are still hopes of Congress. But whether it take place or not, all must go well if France and England are united."

An esteemed Turin correspondent takes this view of Garibaldi's recent proceedings :—

" January 8.

"The new year has opened rather briskly upon us ; the French half. Imperial pamphlet, the nomination of Cavour as plenipotentiary to the future Congress, the news of the convening of the Congress being delayed, the resignation of Count Walewski, all could not fail to produce more or less excitement. But the deepest sensation was, as far as I am able to judge, created by the objects and strange denouement of Garibaldi's recent visit, and of which your readers have no doubt already been informed by the telegraph. "Though compelled by various artifices to leave his post at the army of Central Italy, Garibaldi never ceased to hold in view the sole object of all his efforts, namely, to place Italy in a position capable of commanding res- pect. This, of course, meant to arm the nation, to impress it with the ne- cessity of so doing, and consequently to east the different societies which have sprang up since Villafranca into one moving active medium of na-

tional defence. Amid the ovations of which he became the ob- ject soon after his arrival, the first general of Italy had re- peated interviews with the first soldier of Italy, and twenty-four hours had hardly passed when we awoke to the news of the crea- tion of a society, by name Nazione Armata, with Garibaldi as its presi- dent. Certainly, the name of the society alone was sufficient to create interest, irrespective of the individuality of its founder ; but our astonish- ment was much greater when, after the lapse of a second twenty-four hours, we heard that the Nazione Armata was dead and gone. Though the very idea of the Society was notoriously an object of horror to the majority of minis- ters—Ratazzi excepted—people were much taken aback by this sudden denouement, especially as it was equally known that Garibaldi has not taken this step without the connivance of his Majesty. But whatever might have been the opinions of La Marmom and Dabormida on the Nazione Armata, they would hardly have been able to thwart the designs of the gallant general without foreign aid. The name of the society appears to have perfectly terrified the Corps Diplomatique; and even Sir James Hudson thought it necessary to lay in his protest. With the known sym- pathies of England to the Italian cause, the conduct of the English Am- bassador is, of course, not too easy to explain. In his address, Garibaldi snakes no secret of the cause of his failure in uniting the Liberal party and leading them to the field of action ; and, morever, reminds the Italians not to forget the million muskets."

Mr. Reuter has received another letter at his office on the relations be- tween France and England, and has published this extract from it. "Paris, January 12. "The object of Lead Cowley's mission to London was to resume the ne- gociations between England and France, which were initiated by the former Power, but interrupted by the opposition of Count Walewski.

"The basis of these negociations was the principle of non-intervention with regard to the affairs of Central Italy.

"France, adopting the same basis, was desirous that the whole of Eu- rope should give its formal adhesion to that principle.

"With this view Lord Cowley was solicited to sound the feeling of the British Cabinet as to the advisability of addressing a collective note to the European Cabinets. In this note an infraction of the principle of non-in- tervention was to be treated as a easus belli.

"The British Cabinet, whilst expressing its ;readiness to support the principle of non-intervention, either at the Congress or in its communica- tions with foreign Powers, pointed out the impossibility of the Cabinet pledging itself without the consent of Parliament to a course of policy which might involve hostilities. "The feeling of the Northern Courts gave rise to some fear that Europe I would not tacitly submit to so threatening an intimation, and which also ! implied the adoption of principles opposed to the independence of every State which possesses the right of forming such alliances as it may think ' proper, and at its own risk and peril. I "The British Cabinet having thus declined the propositions to enter into engagements having such an important bearing, the question of an early . meeting of the Congress is again revived."

The Paris correspondent of the Morning Post says-

" All that is said at present about the recall of General de Goyon, of the approaching departure of the French division, and of the resignation of ' Cardinal Antonelli, rests on no sound foundation."