NEWS OF THE WEEK.

AT length there is authentic -news from the Russian armies in Bulgaria and on the Danube. In the retreat from Schumla to Silistria, they admit, that Hussein Pacha, who pursued them in person, caused them a loss of "eight hundred" men and the greater part of their baggage. Greater disasters befel them before Silistria ; and the rains and uninterrupted snow storms (the Russian accounts will not acknowledge the avenging Turkish scimitar) as the cause compelled them to raise the siege. During the retreat to Hirschova, their sufferings must have been great indeed, when letters from Odessa admit that " all their cattle perished, the greater part of the artillery is lost, and the troops have been exposed to the greatest privations."

The campaign in Bulgaria might thus be considered at an end, if the Turks so choose ; but it is supposed that they will become the assailants in their turn, and at all events attempt the reduction of Varna.

The organization of his army occupies all the Sultan's solicitude; and he is introducing the most extensive "innovations" in the habits of his people. Military and Naval schools, and schools of Medicine and Surgery, are about to be formed ; the discipline of his troops after the European fashion goes on; new fortifications are rising; and all Mussulmans from fifteen to sixty are ordered to arm themselves,

Such preparations will not be thought to evince a desire for peace, though they may no doubt, in one sense, promote it. The neutral powers bestir themselves to this end. The French have sent M. Amedee Jaubert on a new mission to Constantinople ; and at the beginning of last month Mr. Stratford Canning and Mr. Guilleminot were at Scio on their return to the same place.

The French Government has prohibited the exportation of wheat. It does not appear whether the prohibition be limited merely to the capital, or to the whole kingdom. Every district in France has its own regulating prices ; and a temporary scarcity may cause a prohibition in one place, while other districts may be revelling in abundance. Prices have long been too high in France to render it advisable for the British importer to buy largely there.

Statement of deaths by fever at Gibraltar, between the 1st of September and the 29th of November.

Officers, Civil and Military, 14; Royal Artillery, 85; Sappers and Miners, 21; Staff Corps, 4; 12th Regiment, 18; 23rd ditto, 42; 424 ditto, 57 ; 434 ditto, 93; 73d ditto, 42; 94th ditto, 58. Total Military, including Officers, 474; Inhabitants of the Rock, 1,083. Grand Total, 1,557. Names of the Officers, Re. :—Lieut. R. Bull, Royal Engineers ; Deputy Assistant Commissary General W. Smith ; Lieut. Alexander and Lieut. Osborne, 94th Regt. ; Rev. Mr. Hatchman, Chaplain to the forces ; Rev. Mr. Barber, Methodist Minister, Acting Chaplain ; Mr. Walsall, Ordnance Department ; Dr. Benner, Inspector of Hospitals ; Dr. Mathias, R.N. Acting Staff Surgeon ; Ensign C. Stewart, 42d Regt.; Lieut. Williamson, 73d Regt.; Ensign Werge, 12th Regt.; Assistant Surgeon Fraser, 734 Regt.; Lieut. Forsteen, 12th Regt.

Clergy, including Protestants, Catholics, and Rabbis, 9 deaths. Medical, including Civil and Military, 8 deaths. , Total Sick on the 29th of November, 400: viz., Serious cases, 109; Slight ditto, 36; Convalescent, 255.

Om the 1st. of December, the deaths were only 3. Now that the danger is almost past, the medical men have revived the dispute about infection and contagion.

The treaty of peace between the Imperial Government of Brazil and the Republic of Buenos Ayres has at length been ratified. The republicans are satisfied wit It it, as the most advantageous that could be obtained, and "the only one that could insure the happiness and prosperity" of Buenos Ayres. The treaty was ratified on the 24th a September.

Lord Strangford, who was sent out on a special mission to the Brazils, arrived at Rio on the 21st October • but though despatches

have been received from his Lordship, nothing to show the nature

of his reception, or the probable issue of the negotiations with which he was charged, has transpired. In the meantime, private accounts represent the Emperor and the Brazilians as indignant at the turn which the affairs in Portugal have taken. The two Portuguese gentlemen, M. Guerrero and M. Monzinho d'Abuquerque, who left this country soon after their arrival from Lisbon, for the sole purpose of informing Don Pedro of the changes in his European doinimons, had reached Rio some days before 'Lord Strangford ; and thus the Emperor was informed of all that occurred up to the middle of August, including the change in the destination of his daughter. To preserve our neutrality between Don Miguel and his brother, or the friends of his brother's constitution, the Portuguese troops which took refuge. at Plymouth have been in some sort compelled by the British Government to depart for the Brazils, as a less evil than disorganization and dispersion through the Kingdom.

Don Miguel and his sisters are recovering, or perhaps well. The Prince's danger has had little effect in abating the arbitrary spirit of his government. Mr. Noble, a British subject, awaits his trial in a loathsome dungeon; and Miguers agents seem in no haste to bring it on. Viscount Itabayana, the Brazilian Minister i at this Court, s said to have interfered effectually in favour of sonic of his master's subjects.

A conspiracy was discoveerd at Bogota on the 25th September, which had threatened the assassination of Bolivar, add probably the overthrow. of .Colombian freedom. The leaders were Santander, the late Vice-President, and General Padilla, who was then in prison, but who was liberated in order to place himself at the head of the troops who had been seduced from their allegiance. by bribes and the hopes of plundering the city. The conspirators began by storming Bolivar's Palace. One officer, 'ferment, killed three sentinels with his own hand; and before they reached his chamber, one of his orderly-officers was cut down. Bolivar seats to have defended himself for a short space in his bed-room, befare he yielded to the necessity of making his escape by a balcony to the street, and next to the barrack of Vargas. Colonel Ferguson, who was hastening to his aid, was shot dead. The barrack of Vargas was assailed by the conspirators; but here they were 'beaten back and dispersed. They succeeded, however, in liberating Padilla ' and in doing so they killed another of Bolivar's Colonels, who bore his name. The conspiracy was soon suppressed; the safety of the Liberator was hailed with enthusiasm ; and means, were taken to arrest the fugitive rebels. Santander, Padilla, anti. ferment, were likely to be consigned to the executioner,—as some of their subordinate tools had been before them.

These trhnsactions have been followed by a decree from Bolivar, in which he declares his determination to use " the authority which the national vote had confided to him, with the extension (of time) which circumstances might force upon him." The President, therefore, has assumed unlimited power for an unlimited period ; and he seems to have need of all his power to repress the turbulence of the aspiring chiefs of the army.

The attempt to bring back Mr. Huskissou to the Cabinet has failed—if it ever was made. There is to be a grand muster of Ministers in 13uckinhamgshire, under the roof of Lord Chandos,— some accounts say, merely for holiday sport and hospitality ; others opine that the settlemeut of the Catholic question is the object. The Liberals of Leeds have endeavoured to reverse the adverse popular vote at Penenden : but being met in great force by the organized Brunswick party, the appeal to numbers was less decisive than they expected.

SATURDAY, Two o'CLocie.

The German Papers which arrived this morning contain an article from the frontiers of Poland, in which it is stated that the Emperor of Russia is already making great exertions to commence the Spring campaign, and that he has ordered the establishment of new and extensive magazines at Odessa, as also the formation of a large body of cavalry from the Nomade tribes of the Russian empire.

By an article from Syra, in the Courrier de Smyrne, it appears that nothing bad been decided by the Allied Ambassadors as to the limits of the Greek territory.

The Court of King's Bench was crowded this morning at an early hour with persons, chiefly of the medical profession, anxious to hear the trial of Cooper v. Wakley. Sir James Scarlett opened the case for Mr. Cooper soon after nine o'clock, and spoke nearly four hours. It is not expected that the verdict will be pronounced till late in the evening. The address of the learned counsel was in great part limited to a criticism upon the publication in the Lancet, and a review of the testimonials in favour of his client, who had performed the operation CI lith9t0131Y On three hundred patients.