gorrign anb 42Do1onial.

FRANCE.—The march of events has become comparatively calm and re- gular in Paris. , The Provisional Government has eonvolted the National Assembly,th consist of 900 members, elected by virtually universal suffrage. The electoral assemblies of Cantons are to meet and choose representatives on the 9th of April next, and the National Assembly itself is to meet on the 20th of April. The decree ordains— That the suffrage shall be universal and direct; enjoyed by every Frenchman twenty-one years old, who has resided in the commune for six months, and has not been deprived of or suspended from his civic rights by judicial decision. The ballot shall be secret. Electors to vote at the chief place of their cantons by lists containing as many names as there may be representatives for the de- partment. The scrutiny shall be at the place of voting, and the return at the chief town of the department. The privilege of being, elected shall be open to every Frenchman twenty-five years old, who has not been deprived of or suspended from his civil rights. No person is elected who does not obtain 2,000 votes. Representatives to be paid 25 francs a day during the session. The representative system is based on cantons of 40,000 inhabitants; the 900 members of Assembly to be allotted in the proportions determined by a schedule attached to the decree. The department of the Seine will have 84 members; Algeria and the Colonies will have 15.

The following important document was published in the Moniteur of last Sunday.

" CLEICULAR OF THE IIHNISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO THE DIPLARATIC AGENTS OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

"Sir—You know the events of Paris, the victory of the people, its heroism, its moderation, its pacification, the order reastablished by _the concurrence of the whole of the citizens, as if in that interregnum of the visible powers the reason of the public were alone the Government of France. "The French Revolution has thus entered into its definitive period. France is Republican. The French Republic has no oeea,don to be acknowledged in order to exist. By natural law as well as by the law of nations it exists: it Is the will of a great people, which does not ask a title but from itself. Nevertheless, the French Republic, desiring to enter into the family of governments instituted as regular powers, and not as a phenomenon coming to disturb the order of Europe, it is proper that you _promptly make known to the Government to which you are accredited the principles and tendencies which will henceforth direct the foreign policy of the French Government. "The proclamation of the French Republic is not an act of aggression against any form of government in the world. The forms of government have diversities as legitimate as the forms of character, the geographical situation, the intellectual, moral, and material development of nations. Nations, like individuals, have different ages. The principles which govern them have successive phases: mo- narchical, aristoeratmal, constitutional, republican governments, are the ex- pressions of the different degrees of the maturity of the genius of the different nations. They demand more liberty in proportion as they feel themselves capable of supporting more. They demand more equality and democracy in proportion as they are the more inspired with the feeling of in and love for the people. It is a question of time. A nation goes astray m outrunning the hour of that maturity, as it dishonours itself in allowing it to escape without seizing upon it. The monarchy and the republic are not, in the eyes of true statesmen, absolute principles which are enemies to the death: they are facts which are contrasted to each other, and which can live face to face while they understand and respect each other.

"War, then, is not the principle of the French Republic, as it became the fatal and glonous necessity of the Republic in 1792. Between 1792 and 1848 there is half a century. To return, after the lapse of half a century, to the principles of 1797, or to the principles of conquest and of empire, would not be to advance, it

would bets retrograde with the advance of Clue. The revolution of yesterday is a step in advance, and not one backwards. The world and ourselves wish to march to fraternity and peace.

"If the situation of the Republic in 1792 explained the war, the differences which exist between that period of our history and that in which we live explain the peace. Apply yourself to the understanding of these differences, and explain them to those around you. "In 1792 the nation was not one. Two nations (peoples) existed on the same soil. A terrible struggle still prolonged itself between the classes dispossessed of their privileges and the classes who had just succeeded in achieving equality and liberty. The classes dispossessed united themselves with the captive Royalty and with jealous foreigners to deny its revolution in France, and to reimpose upon it the monarchy, the aristocracy, and the theocracy, by invasion. At the present day there are no longer any distinctions and inequality of classes. Liberty has freed all. Equality before the law has levelled everything. Fraternity, of which we proclaim the application, and of which the National Assembly is to organize the benefits, is about to unite all. There is not a single citizen in France, to whatever opinion he may belong, who does not rally to the principle of the coun- try before everything else,. and who does not render it, by that very union, impregnable to the attempt and to the fears of invasion. 'In 1792 it was not the entire population who entered into possession of the Government. It was the middle classes only who wished to exercise liberty and to enjoy it. The triumph of the middle class at that time was egoistical, as the triumph of every oligarchy must be. It wished to retain for itself the rights achieved for alL It was necessary for it to operate a strong diversion against the advance of the people by precipitating it (the people) on the field of battle, in order to prevent it from entering into the exeroise of its own government. This diversion was the war. War was the idea of the ilonarchians and the Girondins. It was not the idea of the most advanced Dernocraties, who wished like us the sincere regards and the complete reign of the people itself; comprising in that name all classes without exclusion or preference, as the nation is composed. "In 1792 the people was only the instrument of the Revolution. Today the Revolution is made by the people and for the people. The people is itself the Revolution. In entering into it, it carries into it its new necessities of labour, of industry, of instruction, of agriculture, of commerce, of morality, of prosperity, of property, of cheap living, of navigation, and, in short, of civilization, which are all the necessities of peace. The people and peace, are but one word. "In 1792 the ideas of France and of Europe were unprepared to comprehend and to accept the great harmony of nations among each other to the benefit of the human race. The idea of the age which was closing was only in the heads of some philosophers. Philosophy at the present day is popular. Fifty years of liberty of thinking, of speaking, and of writing, have produced their result. Books, journals, and the tribune, have acted as the apostles of European intelligence. Reason spreading everywhere, and overstepping the frontiers of nations, has created that intellectual nationality which will be the achievement of the French Revolution, and the constitution of international fraternity all over the globe. "In short, in 1792 liberty was a novelty, equality was a scandal, and the Re- public was a problem. The title of nations, which had only just been discovered by Fenelon, Montesquieu, and Rousseau, was so completely forgotten, buried, pro- faned by old feudal, dynastic, and sacerdotal traditions, that the most legitimate intervention of the people in its affairs appeared a monstrosity to the statesmen of the old schooL Democracy made tile monarchs and at the same time the foundations of society tremble. Today thrones and the people are accustomed to the word, to the forms, and to the regular agitations of liberty, exercised in nearly different proportions in all states, and even in monarchies. They will accustoux themselves to the Republic, which is its complete form in all the ripest of nations. They will aecognize that there is a conservative liberty. They will acknowledge that there may be in the Republic not only better order, but that there may be more real order in that government of all forall, -than in the government of the few for the few.

"But besides these disinterested considerations, the sole interest of the con- solidation and the duration of the Republic would inspire in the stattssmen of France the thoughts of peace. It is not the oountry that runs the greatest dan- ger in the war; it is liberty. War is almost always a dictatorship. Soldiers forget institutions for men. Thrones tempt the ambitious. Glory dazzles patriotism. The prestige of a glorious name veils the attack upon the sove- reignty of the nation. The Republic ilesires glory, without doubts but it wishes it for itself, and not for Cmsars or Napoleons. "Tr° not deceive yourselves, nevertheless. Those ideas which the Provisional Government charges you to present to the Powers, as a pledge of European safety, have not for their object to obtain forgiveness to the Republic for baying had the boldness to create itself, and still less to ask humbly the place of a great right and a great people in Europe. They have a more noble object: to make sovereigns and nations reflect, and not to allow them to deceive themselves involuntarily as to the character of our revolution; to give its true light and its just character to the event; in short, to give pledges to humanity before giving them to our right and to our honour, if they should be unacknowledged or threatened. "The French Republic will, then, not make war on any one. It has DO occasion to say, that if conditions of war are laid down to the French people, it will accept them. The thongbts of the men who at the present moment govern France are these; it will be fortunate for France if war be declared against it, and if it be constrained thus to increase in strengh and in glory, in spite of its moderation; it will be a terrible responsibility for France it the Republic itself declare war without being provoked to IL In the first case, its martial genius, its impatience of action, its strength socumulated during eo many years of will render it invincible within its own territory, and redoubtable perhaps =1 its frontiers. In the second case, it would turn against itself the recollection of its conquests, which diminish the affection of nations; and it would compromise tbe first and most universal enhance, the spirit of nations and the genius of civilization. "According to thew principles, Sir, which are the cool principles of France— principles she can present without fear, as without suspicion, to her friends and to her enemies—you will have the goodness to impress upon yourself the following

declarations. .

"The treaties of 1815 exist no longer as law in the eyes of the French Re- public; nevertheless, the territorial circumscriptions of these treaties area fact which it admits as a basis, and as a point de depart in its relations wills other "But if the treaties of 1815 do not exist any longer excepting as facto to modify a common understanding, and if the Republic declares openly that its right and its mission is to arrive regularly and pacifically at these modifications, the good sense, the moderation, the conscience, the prudence of the Republic exist, and are for Europe a better and more honourable guarantee than the letter of those treaties, so often violated and modified by Europe itself. "Endeavour Sir, to make this emancipation of the Republic from the treaties of 1815 be clearly understood; and try to show that that freedom has nothing in it which is irreconcilable with the repose of Europe. "Thus, we declare it openly, if the hour of the reconstruction of some na- tionalities, oppressed in Europe or elsewhere, should appear to us to have sounded in the decrees of Providence—if Switzerland, our faithful ally sinus the time of Francis 1., were constrained or threatened in the advance which she is effecting in her government, in order to lead additional strength to the faecine of democratic governments—if the independent states of Italy were invaded—if any limits or obstacles were imposed on their internal transformations—if the right ot alliance

among teeimeivta,, in order to consolidate an Italian nation, were contested by main force—the French Repabiic would believe itself entitled to arm itself in order to protect these legitimate movements of the greatness and the nationality of states.

"The Republic, you sec, by its first step repudiates the rem of proscriptions and of dietations. She is decided never to veil liberty at home. She is equally decided never to veil its democratic principle abroad. She will never permit any one to interpose between the pacific radiation of its liberty and the regard of nations. She proclaims herself the intellectual and cordial ally of every right, of every progress, of every legitimate development of the institutions of nations which wish to.live on the same principle as herself. She will not endeavour any immoderate or incendiary propagandism among her neighbours. She knows that there is no durable freedom but that which grows Of itself on its own soil. But it will exercise by the light of its ideas, by the spectacle of order and of peace which it hopes to give to the world, the sole and honest proselytism of esteem and of sympathy. That is not war—it is nature. That is not the agitation of Europe—it is life. That is not to embroil the world—it is to shine from its place on the horizon of nations, to advance them, and to guide them at the same time. We desire, for humanity, that the peace he preserved. We even hope it. One only question of war was mooted, a year ago, between England and France. It was not -Republican Frauce which started that question of war; it was the dynasty. The dynasty carries away with it that danger of war which it had given rise to for Europe by the entirely personal ambition of its family alliances IA Spain. Thus, that domestic policy of the fallen, dynasty, which weighed ter seventeen years on our national dignity, weighed at the same time, by its preten- sions to another crown at Madrid, on our Liberal alliances and on peace. 1 he Re- public has no ambition. The Republic has no nepotism. It inherits not the pretensions of a family. Let Spain govern itself; let-Spain be independent and

France, for the solidity ot this natural alliance, counts more on the con- formity of principles than on the successions of the house of Bourbon. "Such is, Sir, the spirit of the counsels of the Republic. 'Such kill invariably be the character of the policy, frank, firm, and- moderate, which you will have to represent.

"The Republic has pronounced at its birth, and in the midst of the heat of contest not provoked by the people, three words which have revealed its soul, and which will call down on its cradle, the, blessings of God and ;nun: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. She gave immediately. thereafter, by the abolition of the penishment of death kr political offences, the true commentary of those three, words at home; do you idswgive them their true comineotary abroad. -The sense of these three words applied to our external relations is this—the breaking by France (A' the chains which weighed on its Frinciple and on its dignity; the recovery of theeank which it ought to occupy m the scale of the great European Rowers; in fine, the declaration of alliance and-amity to all nations. If France feels conscientiously its part in the mission of freedom and eiviliaation in the present age, there is not one of those Words whiA signifies war. If Europe is prudent and just, there is not one ofthose words which does not signify peace.

"Receive, Sir; the assurance of my high esteem. (Signed) • " LAMA ATINF, "Member of the Provisional Government of the Republic, and Minister of Foreign Affairs.

• "Paris, March 2, 1848."

M. Goudchaux, Minister of Finance,. has resigned; one report says, be- cause the banks have not been helped' byithe Government to the extent

that he approved; another, ireeanse eepeni of the newspaper stamp- duty was conceded. M. Garnier-PagaS is to be Minister of Finance.

A Council of Defence, under the ,Presielifiticy of the War Minister, irs ilidered. The members ere Cvenerals Lamoriciere, 33,4.1eaua, Ouctinet, NU, Valenti Dehrtce. , 4' We understand," says the Commerce, "that on Saturday all the diplol- matic agents were recalled. The Government has. Well conceived that those who Afiroad have been the interpreters, and too often the docile agents, of An anti-national policy, cannot consistently continue to be the

representatives of Republican France." ' ' • . General Thiard has been nominated Ambassador to Switzerland. Id. tillereourt and M. de Boissy, are to be appointed AmbaSsadors, one in Spain the other at Rome.

Trehonart,, the Commazicier-in-chief of the Mediterranean squadron, has given in his own adhesion and that of the whole-tieet to the

Provisional Government , Berryer, the well-known Legithniat orator, has issued a letter to his constituents of Marseilles, stating what will be his own line of conduct- " to sustain the Provisional Government; to catisedpersonsand property to he respected; to maintain the liberty of voting, and to wait for the decision of the National Assembly. Any other thought is shameful, any other Manifestation culpable." . .

' M. Cottu, formerly a Councillor of the Cour Royale, mid a conspicuous !tater under the Ministry of Villele, has had an interview with the Mayor of Versailles, where he resides, to declare, in the name of all the Legitimists of that placer, that they' will sincerely support the Provisional Government.

The Moniteur Algiers contains two curious documents by the Duo d'Aumale. First, a despatch issued on learning the abdication of his father and the nomination of the Dutoliess of Orleans as Regent--

" Algiers, Feb. 27. "The Governor-General, knowing the patriotism a all, adds nothing to this news. Nothing can change our duties, or affect our duties to France.

"H. D'Oticeses."

The second, issued after learning the appointment of the Provisional Government-

" Algiers, Feb. 23, ten at night. " The Governor-General has not received from France any official communica- tion; but he is informed that the following despatch has been addressed to all the. Prefects and Sub-Prefects. The Governor-General can only repeat what he said yesterday—nothing is changed in our duties towards France: the population and the army will wait with the greatest calm for the orders of the mother-country. " H. D'ORI.A.018."

The wonderful unanimity with which every official has forgotten his service of the old Government and pressed for employment under the new, has excited jealousy among the watchful people. It is said that but one individual stands out of the crowd of obsequious office-seekers: the Vis- count Simeon, Director-General of the Tobacco monopoly—a very lueta- tive place—has refused to hold his office under the new order'of things. The walls Of Paris are crowded with denunciations of "the clotids of rapa- cious vultures who always appear on the field on the morrow of a victory, guided by their unerring scent for the carrion." The Provisional Govern- ment has, no doubt, made some Mistakes in necessarily hasty appoint- ments. M. Saudrier, a Communist and one of the two " delegates " ap- pointed to manage the department of Police, proved both inefficient and

pestering from his crotchets. He was removed; threatened much mischief; had already sent to the offices of the newspapers inflammatory proclama_ tions inciting to distrust and a renewal of violence; and was only at the last moment silenced by a good place in the provinces.

A false step has been taken by the Government in respect to a recent appointment it made—that of M. Barbe.s to the Colonelcy of the 12th Le- gion. The Colonelcies are by law elective; but Barbers was appointed over that regiment, and was also made Governor of the Luxembourg. M. Bar haswas leader of the conspiracy of 1839; and be shot, in cold blood, an officer named Drouineau, who was on guard, and who refused to surrender. The 12th Legion insist on their privilege of election, and a large number of them reject a man whom they deem an emagein. The Colonels of all the other legions of Guards threatened to resign if Government does not re-

trace its steps. - A decree of the Provisional Government has placed all the personal and real property in France of the Ex-King and the Princes and Princesses. under sequestration.

Mr. Carnot, the Provisional Minister of Public Instruction, has issued a remarkable letter to the Rectors of Academies. Under the late regime, he says, the education of the people in civic and political fights has been in- tentionally omitted; and the 36,000 primary instructors mud now prepare manuals of the:rights and duties of eitizens. The people Must be thught the qbelifications which they should exact from candidates at the approach- ing elections. New institutions require new men. M. Catnot significantly indicate e to the body of primary instructors the new field of hordiarahle ambition which the approaching elections offer to themselves.

The Government has taken several other measures. *

By one decree, the Minister of Finance is authorized to pay in advireed,' fro& the 6th Of March at Paris, and from the 15th of March in the etroo,isefte,calle half-year's interest on the Government Stock felling due only on thend-inatam. A discount-office is established, under the title of 'Dotation for: Sired Traders:,

Tax-payers are called on to pay the amount of their taxes one year in affiance,' to assist in the relief of distress, the assistance of trade, and the estensioe of credit. The date of commercial bills is extended for ten days—for instance, from the 22d February to the 3d March; and protests and couservatory Mae are,eor- respondingly suspended.

M. Ledru-Rollin, Minister of the Interior, has created a bureau ofI4bjy,to communicate regularly to all the journals, without distinction, foreiguivk pes- tle news of interest. The abcilition of the newspaper stamp-duty, at first refused andiNetilelY in part conceded, has now been fully yielded—on the constraint of a prelts-igft'affon.

The institutions of Algeria are to he progressively arsimilated'te'tfiree of France. A committee is already appointed charged with the maturing of mea- sures of immediate slave-emancipation in all the Colonies of the Republic.

M. Emile Girardin, editor of the Prase, has " pronounced " in a letter of four columns of his paper. We abstract his topics— He 'reviews the acts of the Provisional Government since its constitution, and praises it for having admitted the right of the people to form associations; -for having abolished the punishment of death for political-offences; for having set at liberty all persons imprisoned for political causee; for having reserved for the wounded operatives the million due to the Civil List; for having declared that the nation adopted the children of 'those kfiled fighting on the '24th of February; lor having resumed all the public worksraludertoken by the- hate Geiernment;r1or having formed a permanent committeetfor operatii■es• lei' haying abolished the oath takinrby public functionaries forletvieg announced that the-payment of the inteteet cid Government securities to become due on the 22d March should -be made on the 6th; for having abolished the stamp-duty on periodical publications. M. de Girardin blames the Government for having lost much valuable time- for having created confusion by the appointment of men guilty of crime to the places occupied by functionaries of irreproachable character; fer bevies injudiciously disposed of the Palace of t*,Xttileriee; for having interfered between .the master and the operative, and napped thelpere. of 1abur. "Another such Vey," says. l. de Girardin, "struck at our foreign commerce, and England will net confine her- self to the acknowledgment of the French Repelffic; ebb will raise to it statues and columns in the squares of LbndOir of Birminghanit and of Liverpool." He, blames the Government for having abolished ancient titles; and for having„ite- glected so many urgent measures, such as A manifbsto efiEtirope and an appeal to the nation. M. de Girardie is of opinion that.:AlgeriW•idght to be united.to France, of which it might form three departments; and tie concludes by observing that an economy of 200,000,000 francs may be effected in the budget. "It,ienot money in which France is deficient," says H. de Girardin, "but in metrai indite who comprehend liberty, and men of liberty who comprehend order in exalted and most expansive acceptation."

The writer has since been offered the Management of the Post-office de- partment: but he is understood to have declined it.

Commercial crisis has arisen in Paris. The great banking-house of Goein and Co. (Successors to Jacques Lafitte and Co.):have tailed, and are likely to bring down a multitude of minor establishments. Immense. numbers of the smalLtradeemen of Paris banked with this company; mid its failure caused little short of a new emeute in its neighbourhood when fiest- published on 'Monday. The debts of the house are stated to be 55;000000 franca, arid its assets not morwthan 10,000,000 francs. Other initertant houses are mentioned with doubt; -and there were runs upon several banks on Monday and Tuesday. 'The alarm has been heightened by a Government notice closing the Bourse till further orders. - -Suhsequeutly, however, all these alarms were much abated. The failure of,Xesars. Gouin and Co. was not nearly so had as people dreaded. The assets of the firm are very large—it is said by some, equal to its liabilities. M.Gottin has resigned the Chairmanship of the Paris and Lyons Railway. The Bourse was reopened on Tuesday. The Provisional Government is adopting measures to mitigate the crisis. It proposes the plan adopted in 1830, of discount banks under the gua- rantee of the Government. The Bank of France fully approves of this suggestion, and offers all its assistance. The measnre is in process of organization.

But the financial difficulties of the Provisional Government are not its only ones. The workmen of Paris have continued to agitate the question of tbe organization of labour; and an iminediate consequence is to aggra- vate the present difficulties under which the working classes are universally suffering. Masters are discharging their men, and giving up business from the irregularity of their workmen. Thousands of men are thrown out Of employ; and meetings send deputations to the Government to urge their distress and demand relieving measures. The calico-printers, the mercers' and linendrapers' assistimts, the hotel-keepers, and the general tradesmen, have all been forcing their demands on the Government, to its embarrass- ment arid unsettlettient.- Tbeeighs- et-the difficulties felt are read in ills ges taking place in the highest official departments, mentioned elsewhere.

The Siècle, a stanch general supporter of the Goyernment, rebukes it for the fallacious hopes it raised in the minds of the working classes.

News in Paris from the coal-pits of Azin (Nord) states that there has been a general strike for increased wages—in fact, for 3 francs in place of 1 franc 50 centimes a day. The Marquis of Normanby has had interviews with M. de Lamartine on the subject of the expulsions of English workmen which have taken place at Rouen and Havre. M. de Lamartine deplored the prejudices of his countrymen, promised immediate efforts on the part of the Govern- ment to repair the injuries done, and restore good feeling to the minds of the French populace.

The funeral honours decreed by the Republic to the citizens slain in the tete conflicts were celebrated in Paris on Saturday. The imposing spec- tacle oonsisted of a procession from the Hotel de Ville to the Madeleine; a performance of funeral rites at that church; a procession to the Place de la Bastille; and an interment of the dead in the vaults beneath the Column of July. The procession reached the Church of the Madeleine about noon. The church was hung with black drapery, tricolored flags, and wreaths of in- !noddles; and inscribed over its entrance was—" Aux Citoyens morts pour Is liberte." A service was performed within. The whole of the route from the chug& to the Column of July in the Places de la Bastille was festooned con- tinuously for the whole distance (nearly three miles) by tricoloredand black draperies. These were supported by posts on which were hung shields of black cloth, inscribed with the words "Respect aux manes des victimes des 22, 23, et 24 Fevrier." Flags waved from the windows of every house on the roses.

The people asiembled to view the spectacle by myriads. The whole route was occupied so densely, that the crowd waved to and fro like ocean currents. Admirable order And good feeling were self-impoied by the peo- ple and reigned throughout. The procession from the church was led by National Guards; then mas- ters of ceremonies of funeral pomps followed; then the Orpheonistes—pupils in classes on Wilhem's system, with the Societd Musicale. These frequently sang, with an effect even sublime. Presently followed the clergy of the Madeleine, and the funeral cars containing the dead. As these passed, the Marseillaise was sung; one verse by the female voices alone, and then the chorus by men. As hymn arose the crowd uncovered, and remained so till the cars, which were opened so as to show the coffins under the, palls, had passed. Other bodies followed, and then came the liberated "victimes politiques"—among them, in carriages, the once Beau Barbee, now bent and worn with years of confinement, and Hubert, and both too weak for the fa- tigue of going afoot. Soon after came such of the wounded as could bear the fatigue of the day. All these were young men: they preceded the car of Liberty, which was covered with crimson velvet and gold, decked with streamers, and drawn by eight white horses. Then followed the members of the Provisional Government,elistinguished more by simplicity of aspect than any persons there. In various Parts of the procession moved bodies of judges, brothers of freemasonry, Polish midigrants; at the end marched 5,000 volunteers, commanded principally by students of St. Cyr, and doing great credit in martial appearance to their brief training. The Column of July was hang from capital to base with funeral drapery of black cloth, spangled with silver for tears. By five o'clock the coffins were borne into the vaults, and sacred fire was kindled on altars near. The procession filed lowly past,, the,creyed dispersedesalid all was over.

Mardi Gras, the beet day of the erkiesival, passed off with a seinblence of the usual festivities: the people on the Boulevards were gaily dressed, but without masks, and there were neither songs nor noise.

While this was going, on; a different scene was performed at no great distance.

"After the capture of the Tuileries, a band of some four hundred armed indi- viduals resolved to remain in it and make it their quarters. They slept on the i

sofas, or on Camp-beds, lived, cooked, and made themselves at home n the palace. Among them was a person said to be the strongest man in France—a painter's raodeL The audiontees occupied the guard-houses with the National Guard; but one of the lawless based alwelestatioued himself as sentry alongside ofthe N5- usual Guard sentry. It was soorefound that these gentry were not at the most honest kind. For they contrived to force open doors and drawers, and to pass ob- jects of value through the gratings of the Tuileries, to companions outside. At first, food was sent to them, as to soldiers on a post; but this being withheld, they contrived to procure some. At last, the Prefect; Caussidiere; begged them to dislodge. They flatly refused; declared that they had fifty rounds of 'ammu- nition per man, and meld first set fire to the chateau, if attacked, and then fight their way out. How to dislodge these desperate men? An assault Could scarcely be asked of the good citizens who compose the National Guard; police there WM as yet none; and the tiddlers had declined to attack the people. The only corps that could be got were theycruth.of the College of St. Cyr—i.e. the sons of the best families ofthe kingdom. The Prefect accepted their offer of reducing the brigands; and the hitter were summoned on Monday night. In reply, they offered to decamp on ()audition that each one of them was to have a pension of 800 francs, a year, and that none of them were to be searched on marching out. The Prefect refused these honest terms, and gave them till ten this morning to submit. At ten this morning the boys of St. Cyr, well-armed, marched into the court of the Tuileries, with a crowd of Parisians gathered thousands strong, to witness the fan. They were in part disappointed; for the brigands'', frightened at the deter- mined aspect of the St. Cyr scholars, consented to march out without setting 'fire to the palace. Some were searched; all had dollars in abundance. Some were marched to the Hotel de Ville, and some escaped. Too much praise cannot be bestowed on the scholars of St. Cyr."

An English lady just returned from Paris, writing to the Times, sketches the state of society in the most gloomy tints- " I have seen daily and intimately persons of all parties; Legitimatists, Con- servateurs, or adherents of the late Government; adherents of the Mole Ministry of half-an-hour; adherents of the Barrot Ministry, equally shortlived; friends and Ultimates of members of the Provisional Government. . . . I heard only ex- pressions of the conviction that the present order of things could not last; that, in spite of the heroic efforts, the excellent intentions, and the acknowledged talents of several members of the Government, it had undertaken to construct an edifice which must fall and crush them under its ruins; that it was now forced by fear upon promises, and would be forced upon acts, utterly inconsistent with the at4- bility of any Government whatever." Among "the industrious, quiet, working classes," "the alarm and consterna- tion are greater than in the higher classes"; ; amounting in many cases to " blank despair. "The more clear-sighted among them see the terrible chances that await them: they see capital leaving the country, confidence destroyed, and em- Plernent suddenly suspended or withdraw; to an extent never seen before. Let

me mention a few small but significant facts. My locksmith told me he had always employed four men: he has discharged three. An English pastry-cook, who has constantly employed fifteen journeymen, was about to discharge nearly all. Everybody is turning away servants, especially men, as the more expensive. I was told that good carriage-horses had been sold for 500 francs each. A vest number of houses are becoming tenantless: the removal of the English atone would make a visible change in this respect. And what, think you, are the feelings of all the tribe of water-carriers, washerwomen, and the humble de- pendents for existence on these houses e "I heard with astonishment English people on the road saying, 'Oh, all is quiet now.' 'Allis is going on very well now. From no Frenchman have I heard this superficial view of the case. Paris is indeed quiet enough; but it is the quiet of exhaustion, fear' distrust, and dejection. The absolute silence of the streets at night was awful. But a few nights before the 22d, I had complained of the incessant roll of carriages during this season of balls. From the night of the 26th to the 31 of March the most retired village could not hare been more utterly noiseless. Not a carriage—not a foot-fall—except at intervals the steady and silent step of the patrol of the National Guard, listened for as the sole gee- rsintee for safety. 'Every man, wearing the uniform of the Guard,' said a grocer to me in his shop, 'must now defend his own. We have no protectors but our- selves; no police; no army.' . . . .

" But, be opinions what they may, it is consolatory to see that there is now but one petty in France—that of order and peace. The Legitimatises, who have so long declined all share in public life, me acting with admirable devotion to their country. Third is else a prodigious amount of good feeling and good sense in the mass, mingled with the more obvious error and vice, and with deplorable and dangerous ignorance."

In the Provinces, the slight agitations which at first arose have been generally allayed. At Lyons, the National Guard has been organized, and quiet restored, though not without force. At Toulon, the populace demanded arms of the Mayor, and obtained them: they straightway con- stituted themselves a civic guard, and protected business from interruption. At Havre, a mischievous mob has been quelled by the National Guard; and at Rouen, an uneasiness which prevailed has passed away. In the Lower Rhine there is still disquiet. The Jews have been at- tacked and their houses pillaged in the arrondissement of Marrnontier; and this in the presence of a body of Hussars. There has been violence to foreigners at Strasburg too. In Lyons there is still some agitation. The labouring classes have seized the fottifications, and threaten to TWA them; a threat tacitly ap- proved by M. Argo, the delegate of the Pnavisioual Government, who went away when he learnt it.

The Minister of Marine has decided that several vessels of the fleet shall have their names changed. The Couroine ship-of-the-line, now at Toulon is to be called the Barricade; the Dietetical d'Orleans frigate, on the stocks at?L'Orient, the Victoire; the Charte frigate, now at Brest, the Constitution; the Heine Ame- lie, the Parisien; and the Comte &Ea, the Pariote.—Gaiignanis Messenger.

M. Gamier-Pages is succeeded in the Mayoralty of Paris by M. Arago Minister of Marine; whose successor is not named.

Count Rambuteau, late Prefect of the Seipe, has enrolled himself in the Na- tional Guard of the first arrondissement of Paris.

General Cubieres, notorious for hie connexion with the Teats affair, has offered his services to the Government. They received the offer very daily; saying there was no objection to receiving his services, but iudicating that as he holds 00 rank in the Army, his regular Course would be to enter as 4 soldier of the Line.

Beillaza has been arrested at Brest. He was mideaeouring to pass as one of the Arab students of the Polytechnic School, but was recognized by an African ollicer. -

The Duke Alexander of,-Wurteallnleg, who married the Princess Mary 4 okins, left Plait; only-on Wednesday evening litge. He was a little disguised, and travelled by diligence; but he might,have affely remained there,- or gone publicy to the frontier. A Paris correspondent of the Dagg News, "who has access to the first sources of information,"' wietes--" The Orleans are lost. People here ate so confident, that they care little for the English nobility's compliments on receiving them. Indeed, the Provisional Government sent a large sum of money. to the Duitchess of Orleans, witleher jewels. Nothing would have been done to the King Wets show him out respectfully:"

The French residents in Brussels have sent a deputation to Paris, to express their adhesion to the Peovisionalstroveramente and their attachment to the eta- - • Don Enrique, Infant of Spain, has addressed a letter of mingnstulation to the Provisional Government.

M. Ledru-Rollile bait addressed a letter to Mr. John O'Connell, in answer to that gentleman's " adhesion "to the Provisional Government. 14. Ledru-llollin says—

The events which have just occurred in Paris will be of service to the world, and tile' blood of our brave combatants willtear fruit in foreign lands. Soon, without doubt, shall better days dawn Sr Ireland; and then France, in her turn, will hail the awakening of a great nation." Employmeot, it is calculated, has been efforded to more than 40,000 operatives in nateonal workshops.

On Sunday, the conductors of the Paris omnibuses assembled, and ordered all the vehicles, without exception, to stop running:- -they sent them off their stands, forcibly stopped them in the streets, and. compelled the passengers to evacuate them, and carried away the wooden houses (bureaux de controls) erected on the Boulevards. Thus they forced the public to submit to a higher rate of fares.

'Ori Saturday'', a deplorable sight alai to be Been on the Boulevards and in other parts of Paris. Upwards of five hundred roulette-tables were at full work; and crowds of workmen were seen around them, risking their little savings, or the pe- cuniary' assistance which the Government had allowed them. This is not liberty, but an odious speculation.—The ConsiinitionneL Geameatr.--The ferment caused by the events in France is leading to movements in various parts of Germany.

Actual disturbances have begun in the Prussian Rhine Provinces. At Cologne, on the 3d instant, the populace assembled in formidable numbers before the Hotel de Ville while the Town-Council were sitting there, and presented a demand for the concession of "rights," which were circulated' through the people on slips of printed paper-

" 1. Universal suffrage; all legislation and government to proceed from the people. 2. Liberty of the press, and freedom of speech. 3. Abolition of the standing army, and armament of the people, who are to elect their own officers. 4. Full right of public meeting. 5. Protection to labour, and a guarantee forth* supply of all necessaries. 6. State education for all children." the Toin-Couucil were, held prisoners for some time. The military were brought out; cleared the streets of the crowd, and captured the most active leaders.

Elberfeld, the Manchester of Prussia, has petitioned in the same way as Cologne; and on the 5th, Dusseldorf followed the example, adding the dentruld of "a law for the working classes."

The Governor of the Rhine Provinces has promised to forward sugges- tions of reform to the King.

The commanders of garrisons have recalled all officers and men absent on furlough, ahd made ready to march to any spot as a moment's notice.

At SarreIonia and Sarrebruck, fortified towns in the extreme Southern angle of the Prussian territory, the sympathy with the Republican changes in France has been lively and overt. All Frenchmen have been ordered to leave the former town; and the garrison of the latter have withdrawn to close quarters, and felled the trees on the glacis of their defensive works.

At Manheim, orders were received, on theist, to allow three Bavarian regiments free passage through the Baden territory to Gemersheim and Landau, in outlying Bavaria. At Mayenee, in Hesse Darmstadt, the news of the French Revolution arrived in the midst of the masquerading of the Carnival, and found all the city worthies at the Narren-verein or Fool's Assembly. In an instant the conical caps and bells were thrown aside, and all present engaged in solemn deliberation. The assembly of fun was transformed into one for the de- spatch of public business; and it was decided that a deputation of two hun- dred citizens should start for Darmstadt, with a petition for "Liberty of the press, a civic guard, a diminution of the army, and a German Parlia- ment." The deputation arrived at Darmstadt on the 2d. They found the people of that place, and also a deputation from Offenbach, preparing to present similar demands. The States are sitting, and such presentations are illegal; nevertheless it was determined by all to persevere.

At Carlsruhe, in Baden, on the 29th of February, deputations from every town in the dutchy waited on the Grand Duke, and demanded liberty a the press, a burgher guard, trial by Jury; also that Baden shall be no longer subject to the Germanic Diet, and that private soldiers shall be eli- gible to the highest army ranks. The Grand Duke succumbed, and called M. Weleker, the leader of the constitutional Opposition, to his counsels. On the 2d instant, the Minister of the Interior proclaimed these conces- sions— " 1. In the course of the next week the censorship of the press will cease. 2. A burgher guard will be forthwith established. 3. A project of law respecting the institution of trial by jury will be laid before the Assembly without delay.' The following notice has also been given by M. \Volcker in the Chain- bet—

"That the Chamber petition his Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Baden to be pleased to take the necessary steps in order that, by the representation of the States of the German nation at the Diet, (that is, at Frankfort,) a sere means of obtaining a common German legislation, and of united national institutions, may be created."

The right of public meeting was also granted. The Grand Duke has issued a popular appeal calling on all good citizens to aid him in checking revolutionary or criminal attempts. At Hanau, in Hesse Cassel, on the 1st, a large meeting decided on a pe- tition to the Elettor, demanding a new Ministry, the dissolution of the present Chamber and the convocation of a new one, and liberty of the press. The Elector has since granted nearly all the demands of the people. At Wiesbaden, in Nassau, a large concourse of people met opposite the Palace, on the 4th, and made these demands—General arming of the people under their own elective leaders; entire liberty of the press; a German Parliament; right of public meeting; public and oral trial. by 'Airy; the control of the Dutchy domain; convocation of the Second Chamber, to frame a new electoral law on theebasis of population, and to remove all restrictions on religions liberty. WA Duke was absent at Ber- lin. The Dutchess came out in the balcony of the Palace, and declared that she threw herself and her children on the good feeling of the people; assuring her hearers that their demands would be conceded in full by the Duke her stepson. Subsequently, the Minister issued a proclamation in which the Dutchess and her eldest son guaranteed the concession of these demands; and the Minister himself declared that he would resign if they Were not yielded immediately on the Duke's return. On the same day in the afternoon, the Duke did return: he immediately addressed the people, and ratified all the concessions of the Dutchess and Minister. The mo- ment was critical: if the Duke had arrived less early, or been less prompt in his resolutions, it is said he would have lost his crown. Subsequently, the civic guard was organized.

Wurtemberg has joined in the procession of reform. At Stuttgard, on the 1st, the Committee of the States presented an address to the King, which bad the effect of producing next day the following decree-

" 1. The censorship on the press, established by the ordonnance of October 1819, is abolished. 2. Consequently, until the Germanic Diet shall have pub- lished a decree regulating the affairs of the press, all the dispositions of the law on the liberty of the press of January 1817 will come in force. 3. In the mean- while, a project will shortly be presented to the States, in which a more expe- ditious public and oral proceeding with regard to matters appertaining to the press will be recommended."

Imperial Frankfort has shared in the general commotion. On the 3d, the Diet had resolved to give up the idea of a universal law of the press for all Germany, and allow each state, subject to some guarantees, to exer- cise its own judgment in the matter. This decision caused great joy; but on the 4th, more was demanded by the public voice of the city. Three thousand citizens assembled, and resolved that these pledges were still wanting to the fatherland- " 1. Repeal of all the exceptional laws enacted since 1819. 2. Unconditional li- berty of the press. 3. Trial by jury. 4. Universal arming of the people. 5. A metal German Parliament. 6. Civic equality without distinction of creed. 7. The free right of meeting in public. 8. A political amnesty, and the plenary res- titution of civio rights. No war of aggression against France on account of her form of government." The address concludes—" We request the Supreme Senate, following the ex- ample of several Federal Governments, immediately to concede these demands; and where this is not immediately practicable, to labour with the utmost energy for the speedy assurance of the same."

In Saxony and Bavaria, the talk is universal of petitions for advanced institutions.

The effect of this wide and consentaneous movement on the two great German Governments is matter of much interest. The King of Prussia, on hearing of the Paris events, immediately ordered the Baron d'Arnim to return to Berlin. At a Cabinet Council, held on the 28th of February, it was resolved to order all the Prussian military to prepare for marching at two days' notice. On the 6th, the King closed the sittings of the State Committees. In his speech on the occasion he said— "it is with pleasure that I avail myself of this opportunity to state, that So-i// grant to the assembled States the right conferred by the kno of the 3d of February on the assenabkd Committees of the States to meet periodically ai fixed times; and I will confirm the privileges of the Committees in a coreeapee4. ing manner."

As yet, however, the naming of the " fixed " periods is carefully avoided

SWITZEHLAND.—Neufchatel has declared herself a republic indepeu-?ent of Prussia. The fact was proclaimed on the 29th of February; a pre.. visional Government was appointed; and from Chan.x de Fond it iseued this address to the citizens- " Citizens of Chaux de Fond—The revolution which we have so long expected in our country has just broken out. Our brethren of Loche, like ourselves, pro_ claim a Republic. Let US all now unite to guarantee our properties and our lives. Let us prove by our energy and our wisdom that we are worthy of being Repub- licans. The members of the Royalist Committee of Defence have abandoned their functions. It is by your calmness that you will prove the inutility of that Com- mittee. We are engaged in taking all the necessary measures for the organiza- tion of a provisional authority at Cbaux de Fond. Vivo la Republique! Vise la Confederation Suisse! our beloved country."

The late Government of the Canton withdrew to Berlin ; and the Pro- visional Government removed to Neufchatel on the 1st instant The proclamations are under the signature of Alexis Marie Piaget, President.

VENEZUELL—By the mail steam-packet which left St. Thomas's on the 14th February, news of a sanguinary kind has arrived from the Caraccas. On the 22d January last, a quarrel arose in Congress between the par- tisans of' the President, General Monargas, and those of General Paez, which terminated in a conflict. Five members were killed, and ten more so wounded that most of them have since died. The quarrel extended it- self among the inhabitants of the city; the active militia siding with the President, and the reserve with the Opposition. Fighting was kept up, with a great loss of life on both sides, till nine o'clock at night; at which time the Government party had somewhat the ascendant. The brother of the President is a prominent leader of the Opposition. General Paez was at the head of 7,000 men, and vowed to depose Monargas.

UNITED STATES AND MEXIC0.—The Washington arrived at South- ampton on Tuesday, bringing papers to the 21st from New York. There is scarcely any news. In Mexico, San Luis Potosi has "pronounced against the Government at Queretaro and determined independently to carry on the war with vigour. The Queretaro, have occupied Orizaba, a guerilla centre lying between Mexico and the Gulf coast. The revenues of the country were in process of being rapidly collected by the army.